Cell signaling coordinates global Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 recruitment and developmental gene expression in murine embryonic stem cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE157749 | GEO | 2020/10/13
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:In this study, we provide evidence to show that the expression of PRC2-recruting factor Jarid2 is largely reduced in both naïve mESC and Erk1/Erk2 double knockout (Erk1/2-dKO) mESCs, which can be rescued by reactivation of FGF/MARK signaling in naïve mESCs or ectopic Erk1 expression in Erk1/2-dKO mESCs, suggesting the FGF/ERK signaling positively regulates the Jarid2 expression in mESCs. Consistent with the Jarid2 function in the PRC2 recruitment, the global Ezh2 occupancy and histone H3K27me3 are largely reduced at CpG islands (CGIs) and bivalent promoters in both naïve mESCs and Erk1/Erk2-dKO mESCs, which can be fully restored by ectopic expression of Jarid2 expression, suggesting the reduced Jarid2-mediated PRC2 recruitment is a main molecular mechanism leading to the global reduction of PRC2 occupancy at CpG islands and bivalent promoters in naïve mESCs. At the transcriptional level, although both PRC2 occupancy and histone H3K27me3 modification are reduced at bivalent promoters, there exist two groups of genes with distinct expression status. the FGF/ERK signaling target genes are silenced while the Wnt signaling target genes are largely de-repressed, which is caused by the chemical activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in naïve mESCs. Further ChIP-seq analyses demonstrate an increased occupancy of β-catenin at its activated gene promoters in naïve mESCs. These results suggest the transcriptional activation of bivalent genes in naïve mESCs is predominantly determined by the presence of transcriptional factors but not the status of PRC2 occupancy at gene promoters.
2020-10-13 | GSE157747 | GEO
Project description:In this study, we provide evidence to show that the expression of PRC2-recruting factor Jarid2 is largely reduced in both naïve mESC and Erk1/Erk2 double knockout (Erk1/2-dKO) mESCs, which can be rescued by reactivation of FGF/MARK signaling in naïve mESCs or ectopic Erk1 expression in Erk1/2-dKO mESCs, suggesting the FGF/ERK signaling positively regulates the Jarid2 expression in mESCs. Consistent with the Jarid2 function in the PRC2 recruitment, the global Ezh2 occupancy and histone H3K27me3 are largely reduced at CpG islands (CGIs) and bivalent promoters in both naïve mESCs and Erk1/Erk2-dKO mESCs, which can be fully restored by ectopic expression of Jarid2 expression, suggesting the reduced Jarid2-mediated PRC2 recruitment is a main molecular mechanism leading to the global reduction of PRC2 occupancy at CpG islands and bivalent promoters in naïve mESCs. At the transcriptional level, although both PRC2 occupancy and histone H3K27me3 modification are reduced at bivalent promoters, there exist two groups of genes with distinct expression status. the FGF/ERK signaling target genes are silenced while the Wnt signaling target genes are largely de-repressed, which is caused by the chemical activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in naïve mESCs. Further ChIP-seq analyses demonstrate an increased occupancy of β-catenin at its activated gene promoters in naïve mESCs. These results suggest the transcriptional activation of bivalent genes in naïve mESCs is predominantly determined by the presence of transcriptional factors but not the status of PRC2 occupancy at gene promoters.
2020-10-13 | GSE157748 | GEO
Project description:The recruitment of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) to gene promoters is critical for its function in repressing gene expression in murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs). However, previous studies have demonstrated that although the expression of early lineage-specific genes is largely repressed, the genome-wide PRC2 occupancy is unexpectedly reduced in naive mESCs. In this study, we provide evidence that fibroblast growth factor/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling determines the global PRC2 occupancy through regulating the expression of PRC2-recruiting factor JARID2 in naive mESCs. At the transcriptional level, the de-repression of bivalent genes is predominantly determined by the presence of cell signaling-associated transcription factors but not the status of PRC2 occupancy at gene promoters. Hence, this study not only reveals a key molecular mechanism by which cell signaling regulates the PRC2 occupancy in mESCs but also elucidates the functional roles of transcription factors and Polycomb-mediated epigenetic mechanisms in transcriptional regulation.
| S-EPMC7578752 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Polycomb repressive complex (PRC) 1 regulates stem cell fate by mediating mono-ubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine 119. While canonical PRC1 is critical for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) maintenance, the role of non-canonical PRC1 in hematopoiesis remains elusive. PRC1.1, a non-canonical PRC1, consists of PCGF1, RING1B, KDM2B, and BCOR. We recently showed that PRC1.1 insufficiency induced by the loss of PCGF1 or BCOR causes myeloid-biased hematopoiesis and promotes transformation of hematopoietic cells in mice. Here we show that PRC1.1 serves as an epigenetic switch that coordinates homeostatic and emergency hematopoiesis. PRC1.1 maintains balanced output of steady-state hematopoiesis by restricting C/EBPα-dependent precocious myeloid differentiation of HSPCs and the HOXA9- and β-catenin-driven self-renewing network in myeloid progenitors. Upon regeneration, PRC1.1 is transiently inhibited to facilitate formation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP) clusters, thereby promoting emergency myelopoiesis. Moreover, constitutive inactivation of PRC1.1 results in unchecked expansion of GMPs and eventual transformation. Collectively, our results define PRC1.1 as a novel critical regulator of emergency myelopoiesis, dysregulation of which leads to myeloid transformation.
| S-EPMC10287155 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cell signaling coordinates global Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 recruitment and developmental gene expression in murine embryonic stem cells
| PRJNA662607 | ENA
Project description:Cell signaling coordinates global Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 recruitment and developmental gene expression in murine embryonic stem cells (RNA-Seq)
| PRJNA662611 | ENA
Project description:Cell signaling coordinates global Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 recruitment and developmental gene expression in murine embryonic stem cells (ChIP-Seq)
| PRJNA662610 | ENA
Project description:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) catalyzes histone H3 lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3), an epigenetic modification associated with gene repression. H3K27me3 is enriched at the promoters of a large cohort of developmental genes in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Loss of H3K27me3 leads to a failure of ESCs to properly differentiate, making it difficult to determine the precise roles of PRC2 during lineage commitment. Moreover, while studies suggest that PRC2 prevents DNA methylation, how these two epigenetic regulators coordinate to regulate lineage programs is poorly understood. Using several PRC2 mutant ESC lines that maintain varying levels of H3K27me3, we found that partial maintenance of H3K27me3 allowed for proper temporal activation of lineage genes during directed differentiation of ESCs to spinal motor neurons (SMNs). In contrast, genes that function to specify other lineages failed to be repressed in these cells, suggesting that PRC2 is also necessary for lineage fidelity. We also found that loss of H3K27me3 leads to a modest gain in DNA methylation at PRC2 target regions in both ESCs and in SMNs. Our study demonstrates a critical role for PRC2 in safeguarding lineage decisions and in protecting genes against inappropriate DNA methylation.
| S-EPMC4204901 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The Polycomb repressive complexes PRC1 and PRC2 maintain embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency by silencing lineage-specifying developmental regulator genes. Emerging evidence suggests that Polycomb complexes act through controlling spatial genome organization. We show that PRC1 functions as a master regulator of mouse ESC genome architecture by organizing genes in three-dimensional interaction networks. The strongest spatial network is composed of the four Hox gene clusters and early developmental transcription factor genes, the majority of which contact poised enhancers. Removal of Polycomb repression leads to disruption of promoter-promoter contacts in the Hox gene network. In contrast, promoter-enhancer contacts are maintained in the absence of Polycomb repression, with accompanying widespread acquisition of active chromatin signatures at network enhancers and pronounced transcriptional upregulation of network genes. Thus, PRC1 physically constrains developmental transcription factor genes and their enhancers in a silenced but poised spatial network. We propose that the selective release of genes from this spatial network underlies cell fate specification during early embryonic development.
| S-EPMC4847639 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) methylates histone H3 tails at lysine 27 and is essential for embryonic development. The three core components of PRC2, Eed, Ezh2, and Suz12, are also highly expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells, where they are postulated to repress developmental regulators and thereby prevent differentiation to maintain the pluripotent state. We performed gene expression and chimera analyses on low- and high-passage Eed(null) ES cells to determine whether PRC2 is required for the maintenance of pluripotency. We report here that although developmental regulators are overexpressed in Eed(null) ES cells, both low- and high-passage cells are functionally pluripotent. We hypothesize that they are pluripotent because they maintain expression of critical pluripotency factors. Given that EED is required for stability of EZH2, the catalytic subunit of the complex, these data suggest that PRC2 is not necessary for the maintenance of the pluripotent state in ES cells. We propose a positive-only model of embryonic stem cell maintenance, where positive regulation of pluripotency factors is sufficient to mediate stem cell pluripotency. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
| S-EPMC2630378 | biostudies-literature