Brpf1 knockdown reduces inhibitory neurotransmission and regulates gene expression of GABAergic interneurons derived from MGE
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE157903 | GEO | 2021/02/23
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:brpf1 knockdown reduces inhibitory neurotransmission and regulates gene expression of GABAergic interneurons derived from MGE
| PRJNA663318 | ENA
Project description:The Dlx homeodomain transcription factors are implicated in regulating the function of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons; therefore understanding their functions will provide insights into disorders such as epilepsy, mental retardation and autism. Identifying genes that are downstream of Dlx1/2 function and are relevant for the differentiation and survival of GABAergic interneurons. During embryonic development, cortical GABAergic interneurons are generated in the proliferative zone of the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), from where they migrate to reach their final positions in the cortex. The differentiation of these interneuron precursors is dependent on Dlx genes, as shown by Dlx1/Dlx2 double mutants, which have a block in GABAergic cell differentiation and in cell migration. When interneuron progenitors are isolated from the mutant MGE and growth in culture, they are able to proceed along their differentiation program. However, mutant cells growth in vitro show defects in cell morphogenesis and increased cell apoptosis. We hypothesize that Dlx transcription factors regulate important aspects of GABAergic neuron differentiation such as the formation and growth of axon and dendrites, and the formation of inhibitory synapses. We generated E15.5 mouse embryos that are Dlx1/2 -/- or Dlx1/2 +/?. Genotype was confirmed by PCR. A total of 8 litters were used. For each experiment, we pooled tissue from at least 6 different embryos of the same genotype. We dissected the ventricular and subventricular zones of the MGE (rostral part). This area contains ~1 million of progenitor cells per embryo. We isolated total RNA using the Stratagene RNA Miniprep kit (these samples are called MGE+/ and MGE-/- in our proposal). In addition, we used the same area (ventricular and subventricular zones of the rostral MGE) to perform primary neuronal cultures. Cells were maintained 3 days in vitro. After that, we isolated total RNA using the Stratagene RNA Miniprep kit (samples called primary cells+/ and primary cells-/- in our proposal). We would like to perform gene expression comparison between: 1) MGE+/ and MGE-/-, and 2) primary cells+/ and primary cells-/-.
2008-06-16 | E-GEOD-8311 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We hypothesized that mouse Brpf1 plays critical roles in the morphology and function of hippocampal neurons, and its deficiency leads to learning and memory deficits. To test this, we performed immunofluorescence, whole-cell patch clamp, mRNA-Seq on shBrpf1 infected primary cultured hippocampal neurons to study the effect of Brpf1 knockdown on neuronal morphology, electrophysiological characteristics and gene regulation. In addition, we performed stereotactic injection into adult mouse hippocampus to knockdown Brpf1 in vivo and examined the learning and memory ability by Morris Water Maze. We found that mild knockdown of Brpf1 reduced mEPSC frequency of cultured hippocampal neurons, before any significant changes of dendritic morphology showed. We also found that hippocampal knockdown of Brpf1 reduced the learning and memory ability of mice to some extent. Finally, mRNA-Seq analyses showed that genes related to learning, memory, movement and synaptic transmission (such as C1ql1, Gpr17, Htr1d, Glra1, Cxcl10, Grin2a) were dysregulated upon Brpf1 knockdown. Our results showed that Brpf1 mild knockdown attenuated hippocampal excitatory neurotransmission and reduced learning and memory ability, which helps explain the symptoms of patients with BRPF1 mutations.
2021-05-19 | GSE174600 | GEO
Project description:Intellectual disability is closely related to impaired GABA neurotransmission. Brpf1 was specifically expressed in medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), a developmental niche of GABAergic interneurons, and patients with BRPF1 mutations showed intellectual disability. To test its role in development and function of MGE-derived GABAergic interneurons, we performed immunofluorescence staining, whole-cell patch-clamp, MGE transplantation and mRNA-Seq to understand its effect on neuronal differentiation, dendritic morphology, electrophysiology, migration and gene regulation, using mouse MGE-derived GABAergic interneurons infected with AAV-shBrpf1. The results showed that Brpf1 knockdown had a decreasing trend, although not significant, on the differentiation of GABAergic interneurons into parvalbumin+ interneurons. Moreover, increased firing threshold, decreased number of evoked action potentials, and a reduced amplitude of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents were observed before any significant change of MAP2+ dendritic morphology and in vivo migration ability appeared. Finally, mRNA-Seq analysis revealed that genes related to neurodevelopment and synaptic transmission such as Map2k7 were dysregulated. Our results demonstrated a key role of Brpf1 in inhibitory neurotransmission and related gene expression of GABAergic interneurons.
| S-EPMC8496217 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In the mammalian cortex, about 60% of GABAergic interneurons, mainly including parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) and somatostatin (SST+) interneurons are generated from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) in the subpallium and tangentially migrate to the cortex. Here we analyze the role of the Sp9 transcription factor in regulating the development of MGE-derived cortical interneurons. We show that SP9 is widely expressed in the MGE subventricular zone (SVZ) and in MGE-derived migrating interneurons. By analyzing Sp9 null and conditional mutant mice, we demonstrate that Sp9 promotes MGE progenitor proliferation in the SVZ and is required for the normal patterning of tangential migration and the laminar distribution of MGE-derived cortical GABAergic interneurons. Loss of Sp9 function results in a ~50% reduction of MGE-derived cortical interneurons, an ectopic aggregation of MGE-derived neurons in the embryonic ventral telencephalon, and an increased ratio of SST+/PV+ cortical interneurons. Finally, we provide evidence that Sp9 regulates MGE derived cortical interneuron development through promoting expression of the Lhx6 and Lhx8 transcription factors.
2017-05-19 | GSE99049 | GEO
Project description:During development, newborn interneurons migrate throughout the embryonic brain. Here, we provide evidence that these interneurons act in a paracrine fashion to regulate developmental oligodendrocyte formation. Specifically, we show that medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) interneurons secrete factors that promote genesis of oligodendrocytes from glially-biased cortical precursors in culture. Moreover, when MGE interneurons are genetically ablated in vivo prior to their migration, this causes a deficit in cortical oligodendrogenesis. Modeling of the interneuron-precursor paracrine interaction using transcriptome data identifies the cytokine fractalkine as responsible for the pro-oligodendrocyte effect in culture. This paracrine interaction is important in vivo, since knockdown of the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 in embryonic cortical precursors, or constitutive knockout of CX3CR1 causes decreased numbers of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes in the postnatal cortex. Thus, in addition to their role in regulating neuronal excitability, interneurons act in a paracrine fashion to promote the developmental genesis of oligodendrocytes. We used microarrays to generate a list of expressed genes in purified medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) interneurons
2017-03-06 | GSE95696 | GEO
Project description:Human embryonic stem cells with a GFP reporter knock-in into the NKX2.1 locus were differentiated and purified by FACS sorting for global gene expression analysis. Directed differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) has seen significant progress in recent years. Most differentiated populations, however, exhibit immature properties of an early embryonic stage, raising concerns about their ability to model and treat disease. Here, we report the directed differentiation of hPSCs into medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)-like progenitors and their maturation into forebrain type interneurons. We find that early stage progenitors progress via a radial glial-like stem cell enriched in the human fetal brain. Both in vitro and post-transplantation into the rodent cortex, the MGE-like cells develop into GABAergic interneuron subtypes with mature physiological properties along a prolonged intrinsic timeline of up to seven months, mimicking endogenous human neural development. MGE-derived cortical interneuron deficiencies are implicated in a broad range of neurodevelopmental and degenerative disorders, highlighting the importance of these results for modeling human neural development and disease. Human embryonic stem cells with a GFP reporter knock-in into the NKX2.1 locus were differentiated for 20, 35, and 55 days in vitro and GFP+ cells were purified by FACS sorting. Total RNA was prepared from each timepoint and compared to undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells. hESC = one sample and three technical replicates. D20 = three independent samples. D35 = one sample and two technical replicates. D55 = one sample and one technical replicate.
2013-05-03 | E-GEOD-45660 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:During embryonic development, GABAergic interneurons, a main inhibitory component in the cerebral cortex, migrate tangentially from the ganglionic eminence (GE) to cerebral cortex. After reaching the cerebral cortex, they start to extend their neurites for constructing local neuronal circuits around the neonatal stage. Aberrations in migration or neurite outgrowth are implicated in neurological and psychiatric disorders such as epilepsy, schizophrenia and autism. Previous studies revealed that in the early phase of cortical development the neural population migrates tangentially from the GE in the telencephalon and several genes have been characterized as regulators of migration and specification of GABAergic interneurons. However, much less is known about the molecular mechanisms of GABAergic interneurons-specific maturation at later stages of development. Here, we performed genome-wide screening to identify genes related to the later stage by flow cytometry based-microarray (FACS-array) and identified 247 genes expressed in cortical GABAergic interneurons. Among them, Dgkg, a member of diacylglycerol kinase family, was further analyzed. Correlational analysis revealed that Dgkg is dominantly expressed in somatostatin (SST)-expressing GABAergic interneurons. The functional study of Dgkg using GE neurons indicated alteration in neurite outgrowth of GABAergic neurons. This study shows a new functional role for Dgkg in GABAergic interneurons as well as the identification of other candidate genes for their maturation.
2017-12-01 | GSE93295 | GEO
Project description:This study aimed to understand the role of the transcriptional regulator Prdm16 in the development of cortical interneurons in the mouse. Prdm16 was knocked out in cells derived from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) by using an Nkx2.1-Cre driver line in combination with a line carrying floxed Prdm16 alleles and with a Cre-dependent tdTomato reporter line (Ai14). The sequencing data compares the gene expression profiles of dissected MGEs at embryonic day 14 (E14), a stage when cortical interneurons are being generated from MGE progenitors.
2020-10-22 | GSE159728 | GEO
Project description:Unilateral Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) causes functional disturbances of the neuronal networks spreading even to the undamaged cortical hemisphere. The phenomenon, referred to as transhemispheric diaschisis, is suggested to be mediated by an imbalance of the strength of glutamatergic, excitatory vs. GABAergic, inhibitory neurotransmission. Here we present evidence that a switch in expression of α Subunits of pore-forming L-Type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC), by an expression of CaV1.3 and simultaneous ablation of CaV1.2 in GABAergic interneurons could balance early cortical disturbances manifested as contralateral hyperexcitability in the early phase after TBI. The switch of the VGCC alpha Subunits in GABAergic interneurons was detected using the GAD67-GFP (Glutamate Decarboxylase 67 – Green Fluorescent Protein) Knock-in mouse line. Mice received a TBI with a Controlled Cortical Impact (CCI) to the primary motor and somatosensory cortex at postnatal day 19-21 under anesthesia in vivo. Single GFP+ interneurons located in the undamaged, contralateral cortex were isolated by Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) and further analyzed by Mass Spectrometry (MS). The switch was associated with an increased excitability of Somatostatin (SST) interneurons and extracellular network activity in acute brain slices in Microelectrode Array (MEA) recordings, which could be restored in presence of isradipine (100 nM), which selectively blocks CaV1.3-containing VGCCs. These data suggest that a switch in alpha.subunits of VGCCs expressed on SST-positive interneurons stabilizes early hyperactivity of the contralateral cortical network at 72 h after TBI, thereby promoting an adaptive mechanism to counterbalance post-traumatic hyperexcitabilty that might lead to epileptogenesis.
2022-01-03 | PXD023551 | Pride