Effect of Akirin2 knockdown on the mRNA profile of human HL60 cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE158885 | GEO | 2020/10/02
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The Akirin (AKR) family of transcription cofactors are involved in the regulation of different biological processes such as immunity, interdigital regression, muscle and neural development throughout the metazoan. This model regulatory proteins do not have catalytic or DNA-binding capability and exert its regulatory function primarily through interacting proteins such as transcription factors, chromatin remodelers, and RNA-associated proteins. The application of regulomics and interactomics to key transcriptional regulators such as AKR is important to better understand their role in cell biology and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In this study, we focused on the human AKR2 regulome and interactome to advance the knowledge on the function of this highly conserved regulatory cofactor. Based on the key function of AKR2 in cell interactome, regulome and epigenetic gene regulation, herein we hypothesized that metazoan evolved to have AKR2 functional complements and different mechanisms for AKR2-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression. To address this hypothesis, experiments were conducted to identify AKR2 gene/protein targets, functional complements after akr2 knockdown in human cells and to provide evidence of different mechanisms that may be involved in AKR2-mediated chromatin remodeling. The results revealed multiple AKR2 gene/protein targets, identified immune response genes as candidate AKR2 functional complements and showed that AKR2 is not only a link with chromatin remodelers, but also directly interacts with histone H3, thus providing new information on the function of this protein
2021-09-09 | PXD022073 | Pride
Project description:Increased fat intake is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. In some individuals, a failure of pancreatic b-cells to increase insulin production in response to the high demands of obesity leads to diabetes. We sought to determine whether the impaired b- cell adaptation in obesity is associated with differential expression of genes involved in b-cell expansion and intermediary metabolism. Two strains of inbred mice prone to obesity, C57Bl/6J and AKR/J, were fed regular rodent chow or high-fat diet, after which islet morphology, secretory function and gene expression were assessed. AKR/J had lower blood glucose and higher insulin levels compared with C57Bl/6J mice on regular rodent chow or high fat diet. Insulin secretion was 3.2 fold higher in AKR/J than C57Bl/6J mice following intraperitoneal glucose injection. Likewise, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated islets was higher in AKR/J. Additionally, islet mass was 1.4 fold greater in AKR/J compared with C57Bl/6J. To elucidate the factors associated with the differences in insulin, we analyzed the gene expression profiles in pancreatic islets in AKR/J and C57Bl/6J mice. Of 14,000 genes examined, 220 were up-regulated and 286 were down-regulated in islets from diet-induced obese AKR/J mice compared with C57Bl/6J mice. Key genes involved in islet signaling and metabolism, e.g. glucagon like peptide-1 receptor, sterol Co-A desaturase 1 & 2 and fatty acid desaturase 2 were upregulated in obese AKR/J mice. The expression of multiple extracellular matrix proteins was also increased in AKR/J mice, suggesting a role in modulation of islet mass. Functional analyses of differentially regulated genes hold promise for elucidating factors linking obesity to alterations in islet function. Keywords: response to high fat diet
2008-02-28 | GSE10639 | GEO
Project description:Aims Structural analogues of bisphenol A (BPA), including BPS and BPF, are emerging environmental toxicants as their presence in the environment is rising since new regulatory restrictions were placed on BPA-containing infant products. The adipogenesis-enhancing effect of bisphenols may explain the link between human exposure and metabolic disease; Methods Adipose-derived progenitors were isolated from mice and exposed to various concentrations of BPS, BPA or BPF before induction of adipogenesis. RNAseq in BPS-exposed progenitors revealed modulation in redox pathways. The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was assessed by measuring the degree of adipogenesis in the presence or absence of antioxidants. ROS production and mitochondria function were determined by fluorescent assays. Fat mass was measured by TD-NMR in adult mice exposed to BPS during in utero establishment of the adipocyte progenitor pool, and in adult mice exposed to BPS after weaning. however, underlying molecular pathways remain unresolved. Results Exposure of progenitors to BPS, BPF, BPA or ROS generators enhanced lipid droplet formation and expression of adipogenic markers after induction of differentiation. ROS was higher in bisphenol-exposed cells, while co-treatment with antioxidants attenuated adipogenesis and abolished the effect of BPS. There was a loss of mitochondria membrane potential in BPS-exposed cells and mitochondria-derived ROS contributed to potentiation of adipogenesis by BPS and its analogues. Male mice exposed to BPS during gestation had higher adiposity, while postnatal exposure had no impact on adiposity in either sex. ROS act as signaling molecules in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and mediate bisphenol-induced potentiation of adipogenesis.
2022-09-23 | GSE213781 | GEO
Project description:Cryptorchidism and scrotal heating result in abnormal spermatogenesis but the mechanism(s) proscribing this temperature sensitivity are unknown. It was previously reported that the AKR/N or MRL/MpJ-+/+ mouse testis is more heat resistant than the testis from the C57BL/6 strain. We have attempted to probe into the mechanism(s) involved in heat sensitivity by examining global gene expression profiles of normal and heat-treated testes from C57BL/6, AKR/N and MRL/MpJ-+/+ mice by microarray analysis. In the normal C57BL/6 testis, 415 and 416 transcripts were differentially expressed (at least two-fold higher or lower) when compared to the normal AKR/N and MRL/MpJ-+/+ testis, respectively. The AKR/N and MRL/MpJ-+/+ strains revealed 268 differentially expressed transcripts between them. There were 231 transcripts differentially expressed between C57BL/6 and two purported heat-resistant strains, AKR/N and MRL/MpJ-+/+. Next, the testes of C57BL/6 and AKR/N mice were exposed to 43ºC for 15 min and harvested at different time points for TUNEL studies and microarrays. An increase of TUNEL-positive germ cell numbers was significant 8 hr after heat exposure in the C57BL/6 mouse. However, this increase was not observed in the AKR/N mouse until 10 hr after heat exposure. All tubules showed germ cell loss and disruption in C57BL/6 testis 24 hr after heat shock. In contrast, although a number of seminiferous tubules showed an abnormal morphology 24 hr post-heat shock in the AKR/N mouse, many tubules still retained a normal structure. Numerous transcripts exhibited differential regulation between the two strains within 24 hours after heat exposure. The differentially expressed transcripts in the testes 8 hr after heat exposure were targeted to identify the genes involved in the initial response rather than those due to germ cell loss. Twenty transcripts were significantly down-regulated and 19 genes were up-regulated by hyperthermia in C57BL/6 and did not show a parallel change in the AKR/N testis. Conversely, heat shock resulted in 30 up-regulated transcripts and 31 down-regulated transcripts in AKR/N that were not similarly regulated in C57BL/6. A number of genes shared similar differential expression patterns and differential regulation by hyperthermia in both strains of mice. Taken together, the present study indicates the diverse genetic backgrounds in the three strains lead to major differences in normal testis gene expression profiles while the differences in heat shock responses involves a significantly smaller number of genes. The data generated may provide insights regarding gene networks and pathways involved in heat stress and their relationship to spermatogenesis.
2008-11-01 | GSE13010 | GEO
Project description:HEB and E2A function as SMAD/FOXH1 cofactors
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Project description:Increased fat intake is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. In some individuals, a failure of pancreatic b-cells to increase insulin production in response to the high demands of obesity leads to diabetes. We sought to determine whether the impaired b- cell adaptation in obesity is associated with differential expression of genes involved in b-cell expansion and intermediary metabolism. Two strains of inbred mice prone to obesity, C57Bl/6J and AKR/J, were fed regular rodent chow or high-fat diet, after which islet morphology, secretory function and gene expression were assessed. AKR/J had lower blood glucose and higher insulin levels compared with C57Bl/6J mice on regular rodent chow or high fat diet. Insulin secretion was 3.2 fold higher in AKR/J than C57Bl/6J mice following intraperitoneal glucose injection. Likewise, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated islets was higher in AKR/J. Additionally, islet mass was 1.4 fold greater in AKR/J compared with C57Bl/6J. To elucidate the factors associated with the differences in insulin, we analyzed the gene expression profiles in pancreatic islets in AKR/J and C57Bl/6J mice. Of 14,000 genes examined, 220 were up-regulated and 286 were down-regulated in islets from diet-induced obese AKR/J mice compared with C57Bl/6J mice. Key genes involved in islet signaling and metabolism, e.g. glucagon like peptide-1 receptor, sterol Co-A desaturase 1 & 2 and fatty acid desaturase 2 were upregulated in obese AKR/J mice. The expression of multiple extracellular matrix proteins was also increased in AKR/J mice, suggesting a role in modulation of islet mass. Functional analyses of differentially regulated genes hold promise for elucidating factors linking obesity to alterations in islet function. Experiment Overall Design: Microarray analyses were performed on quadruplicate RNA samples of pancreatic islets from AKR and Bl6 mice placed on high-fat diet for 3 months. Pancreases from two mice were combined to yield one sample of islet RNA. All protocols were conducted as described in the Affymetrix GeneChips Expression Analysis Technical Manual (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) using 5 μg total RNA and GeneChip Mouse Expression Arrays MOE 430 (Affymetrix).
2008-04-07 | E-GEOD-10639 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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2015-10-01 | GSE71616 | GEO
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2018-06-12 | MSV000082454 | MassIVE
Project description:Our previous study showed that AKR and C57BL/6 mice to cigarette smoke increased lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced increased lung vascular permeability. Viremic AKR mice were more susceptible to LPS-induced ALI than C57 on prolonged exposure. In this study we compared the global gene expression patterns to determine the genetic basis for the strain dependent responses to cigarette smoke and LPS-induced ALI. We found AKR transcriptomic responses didnot overlap with C57 mice and AKR mice showed increased responses compared to C57 mice. Global gene expression analysis using microarray was used to dermine the mechanisms of strain dependent responses to cigarette smoking and LPS mediated ALI
2023-05-28 | GSE193958 | GEO