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Effects of restriction on mammary gland transcriptome

ABSTRACT: The effects of a negative energy balance induced by a nutritional restriction on mammary gland were evaluated using the 4x44K bovine microarray from Agilent

ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus

PROVIDER: GSE159302 | GEO | 2020/10/10

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The objective was to evaluate the effect of nutrient restriction and intramammary lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on mammary gland (MG) gene expression in early lactation cows. At 24 ± 3 d in milk, multiparous cows were either allowed to continue ad libitum intake of a lactation diet (CON, n = 6), or the ration was diluted with barley straw (48% DM) for 4 d (RES, n = 6). On d 3, one healthy rear mammary quarter was infused with 50 µg of LPS. Mammary biopsies were performed 24 h after LPS challenge. RNA and proteins analyzed using bovine 44K microarrays (Agilent Technologies) and micro-LC-MS/MS, respectively. Transcriptomic data were analyzed using GeneSpring (moderated-t-test with Westfall-Young correction, P < 0.05). Proteins were analyzed with Progenesis LC-MS software v4.1 (Nonlinear Dynamics). Production and energy balance did not differ prior to diet change. Negative energy balance was aggravated in RES (41 vs 97 ± 15 % of requirements, mean ± SD; P < 0.001). A total of 87 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were highlighted through the comparison of RES vs CON group. Among the 33 DEG identified in the transcriptomic analyses, 11 and 22 were down- and upregulated by restriction, respectively. Among the upregulated DEG, there were PDK4 and CPT1A which are involved in the regulation of fatty acid, ketone, and glucose metabolism. CPT1A is the key enzyme in the carnitine dependent fatty acid transport, promoting fatty acid oxidation. Genes involved in immune response such as PGLYRP3 and TRIB2 were upregulated, suggesting a higher inflammatory response in RES than CON. Proteomic analysis identified 54 proteins with 14 up- and 40 downregulated in RES cows. Upregulated proteins were mostly involved in gene expression mechanisms such as translation, RNA splicing and cellular protein modification. The downregulated proteins (e.g., EIF3H, RS27A, RS15) take part in protein metabolism. This is coherent with transcriptomic results, namely the downregulation of RPL 37A, a component of ribosomal complex, which catalyzes protein synthesis and may partially explain the lower milk protein yield in RES (834 vs 1163 g/d; P = 0.02). Proteins involved in antigen processing and presentation were downregulated in RES compared to CON, suggesting an impaired ability to counteract inflammation in RES MG. Preliminary transcriptomics and proteomics analyses show that undernutrition may influence the MG response to inflammation at each level of gene expression.

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Effects of restriction on mammary gland transcriptome

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