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Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) supports the ESR1 action in breast cancer (ChIP-seq)

ABSTRACT: Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a key regulator of transcriptional responses to proteotoxic stress. It has been recently linked to signaling of estrogen via ESR1. To study the cooperation of HSF1 and ESR1 in the transcriptional response to estrogen, we established estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cell lines with reduced HSF1 levels using specific shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9 approach. HSF1 deficiency led to the inhibition of the mitogenic effect of estrogen in MCF7 and T47D cells. RNA-seq analyses revealed that the stimulatory effect of E2 on the transcriptome was smaller in HSF1-deficient MCF7 cells. This could partially result from the higher basal expression of E2-dependent genes in these cells as a consequence of the enhanced binding of unliganded ESR1 to chromatin, which was revealed by ChIP-seq analyses. Thus, we postulate that some fraction of ESR1 could be released from the inhibitory complex with HSP90 and gain transcriptional competence without E2-stimulation.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE159724 | GEO | 2021/10/21

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) regulates ESR1 action in breast cancer

Project description:Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a key regulator of transcriptional responses to proteotoxic stress. It has been recently linked to signaling of estrogen via ESR1. To study the cooperation of HSF1 and ESR1 in the transcriptional response to estrogen, we established estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cell lines with reduced HSF1 levels using specific shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9 approach. HSF1 deficiency led to the inhibition of the mitogenic effect of estrogen in MCF7 and T47D cells. RNA-seq analyses revealed that the stimulatory effect of E2 on the transcriptome was smaller in HSF1-deficient MCF7 cells. This could partially result from the higher basal expression of E2-dependent genes in these cells as a consequence of the enhanced binding of unliganded ESR1 to chromatin, which was revealed by ChIP-seq analyses. Thus, we postulate that some fraction of ESR1 could be released from the inhibitory complex with HSP90 and gain transcriptional competence without E2-stimulation.

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Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) supports the ESR1 action in breast cancer (RNA-seq)

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Gene expression profile in MCF7 breast cancer cells after siRNA knock down of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1)

Project description:Affymetrix microarray data was generated from MCF7 breast cancer cells treated in vitro with siRNAs against estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1). Gene expresion of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) was knocked down in MCF7 breast cancer cells using siRNA. Then the gene expression profiles of these MCF7 cells, along with non-targetting control treated cells were analysed using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 microarrays.

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ChIP-Seq on ESR1 in human liver tissue and hepatocytes

Project description:To improve our understanding of transcriptional regulation by ESR1 in the liver, chromatin immunoprecipitation with an antibody against ESR1 followed by high-throughput sequencing (ESR1 ChIP-Seq) was conducted in human liver samples and in hepatocytes with or without 17beta-estradiol (E2) treatment. By comparing treated and untreated hepatocytes, we identified both ligand-dependent and ligand-independent binding sites throughout the genome. Ligand-dependent binding sites include ChIP-Seq peaks that either appeared (gained peaks) or disappeared (lost peaks) upon estrogen treatment. Gained peaks occurred at the Estrogen Response Element (ERE) whereas the sites for lost peaks were instead coenriched with a variety of transcription factors. In both cases, ESR1 binding primarily occurred in enhancer regions and was associated with general liver functions, such as lipid/energy metabolism. In contrast, we also observed a subset of ESR1 sites that were maintained regardless of estrogen treatment. These ligand-independent sites mostly occurred at promoter regions and were highly enriched with several cofactor motifs.

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Gene expression profile in MCF7 breast cancer cells after siRNA knock down of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1)

Project description:Affymetrix microarray data was generated from MCF7 breast cancer cells treated in vitro with siRNAs against estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1).

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Discovery of naturally occurring ESR1 mutations during acquisition of resistance to endocrine therapy in widely used estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cell lines [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:We report the first discovery of naturally occurring ESR1Y537C and ESR1Y537S mutations in MCF7 and MCF7 ESR1-positive cell-lines after acquisition of resistance to long-term-estrogen-deprivation (LTED) and subsequent resistance to fulvestrant (ICIR).

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Modeling the ESR1 tyrosine 537 mutation with CRISPR-Cas9 for mechanistic studies and evaluation of therapeutic approaches for metastatic breast cancer [RNA-Seq]

Project description:Estrogen receptor-Î± (ERÎ±) is an important driver of breast cancer and is the target for hormonal therapies, anti-estrogens and drugs that limit estrogen biosynthesis (aromatase inhibitors). Mutations in the ESR1 gene identified in metastatic breast cancer provide a potential mechanism for acquired resistance to hormone therapies. We have used CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome editing in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, generating MCF-7-Y537S. MCF-7-Y537S cells encode a wild-type (tyrosine 537) and a mutant (serine 537) allele. Growth of the line is estrogen-independent and expression of ERÎ± target genes is elevated in the absence of estrogen. ER ChIP-seq was carried out to map global ERÎ± binding sites in the presence and absence of estrogen. RNA-seq following estrogen treatment was used for gene expression analysis. We show that expression of ER target genes and ER recruitment to ER binding regions is similar in MCF-7 and MCF-7-Y537S cells, except that ER recruitment to DNA and expression of ER target genes is frequently elevated in the absence of estrogen. Hormone depleted MCF7 Luc or Y537S cells were treated with 10nM E2 or ethanol, as vehicle control, for 8 hours, with 3 replicates (2 replicates for Y537S + E2). RNA-seq was carried out using Illumina Hiseq 2500.

2016-10-25 | E-GEOD-78285 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Excess protein synthesis, denatured proteins or molecular crowding spontaneously induce HSF1 trimerisation and activation

Project description:Stress responses are a key feature of normal physiology and are usurped by cancer cells to ensure enhanced protein synthesis for growth, to compensate for genomic instability, and to protect cancer cells from therapy induced stress. Heat shock factor-1 (HSF1) is a major stress-response transcription factor, and its activity is markedly enhanced in cancer. Stress induces HSF1 conformational changes and post-translational modifications, leading to assembly of active HSF1 trimers that bind DNA to control target gene expression. Although the function of HSF1 in transcription is relatively well-known, the mechanisms leading to HSF1 activation and enhanced stress response in tumours are unclear. To investigate whether HSF1 is a primary sensor of proteotoxic stress in vivo, we studied the range of conditions that can cause HSF1 activation in vitro and in cells, and conditions that prevent its activation. We show that purified recombinant HSF1 adopts a stable monomeric conformation in vitro. Heat stress caused a conformational change and the assembly of HSF1 trimers. Conditions leading to protein denaturation, including heat stress, crowding, Hsp90 inhibition, or proteasome inhibition, all directly lead to HSF1 activation. In contrast, HSF1 activation in vivo is prevented by proteosynthesis inhibition, which reduces the amount of denatured proteins in the cell. These results establish that HSF1 is a direct sensor of proteotoxic stress, independent of post-translational modification, where abrupt environmental changes that cause protein denaturation simultaneously induce a conformational change in monomeric HSF1 leading to its activation. This mechanism explains the universal ability of cells to respond to proteotoxic stress and trigger a protective response when increased chaperone activities are required to restore homeostasis.

2024-08-14 | PXD037662 | Pride

Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) regulates ESR1 action in breast cancer

Project description:Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) regulates ESR1 action in breast cancer

| PRJNA771684 | ENA

ESR1 Y537S and D538G mutations drive resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer

Project description:Purpose: Breast cancers with ESR1 mutations are resistant to antiestrogen therapy. We aimed to investigate the association of ESR1 mutations with resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) using real-world data analysis and experimental validation. Patients and Methods: A total of 3,958 patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancer with DNA sequencing data were analyzed. Breast tumor DNA and circulating tumor (ct) DNA were sequenced using the Tempus xT tumor assay and Tempus xF liquid biopsy, respectively. Patients were stratified into either treated with CDK4/6i (breast tumors: 1,070; ctDNA: 1,885) or CDK4/6i naïve (breast tumors: 750; ctDNA: 253). Engineered MCF7 cells carrying ESR1 Y537S or D538G knock-in mutations were used to study antitumor efficacy of the CDK4/6i, palbociclib in vitro and in vivo. Results: In both xF and xT assays, ESR1 mutations were the only somatic alterations significantly more frequent in those who received CDK4/6i than those who did not. Knock-in of ESR1 Y537S or ESR1 D538G in MCF7 cells resulted in upregulation of cell cycle-related gene signatures upon treatment with CDK4/6i ± antiestrogen compared to cells with non-mutant ESR1. MCF7 xenografts harboring ESR1 Y537S and D538G mutations established in nude mice were resistant to palbociclib. Conclusions: We report herein real-world and preclinical evidence that ESR1 mutations, particularly Y537S and D538G, can drive resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors.

2024-11-12 | GSE281302 | GEO

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