RNAseq from nasopharyngeal swab RNA prior to intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine in children
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE159884 | GEO | 2020/10/23
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The goal of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes between pre-vaccination and day 2 post-vaccination with LAIV in children aged 2 - 4 years old who seroconvert to LAIV. Seroconversion was defined as a 4-fold rise in haemagglutination inhibition titre between baseline and day 21 following vaccination.
2019-03-14 | GSE128224 | GEO
Project description:LAIV and TIV are effective for prevention of influenza infection in children, but the mechanisms associated with protection are still not well defined. We analyzed the differences in B cell responses and transcriptional profiles. Compared to baseline, LAIV elicited a significant increase in naM-CM-/ve, memory and transitional B cells on day 30, while vaccination with TIV elicited an increase in number of plasmablasts on day 7. Antibody titers against the three vaccine strains (H1N1, H3N2 and B) were significantly higher in the TIV group and correlated with number of antibody-secreting cells. Regarding transcriptional profiles, both vaccines induced expression of interferon signaling, but at different time points, TIV on 1 day, and LAIV on day 7 day post-vaccination, the last only in children younger than 5 years old. Interferon-related genes over expressed in both vaccinated groups correlated with antibody titers of H3N2 vaccines strain. These results suggest that LAIV and TIV induced significant different B cell responses in vaccinated children. Early induction on interferon genes appears important for development of effective antibody responses. Longitudinal study with time points at baseline (day 0), 24hr, day 7 and day 30. 136 total samples analyzed. This was a prospective cohort of previously healthy children 6 months to 14 years of age enrolled between October 2011 and February 2012. Thirty seven subjects were randomized to receive one dose of either LAIV (FluMistM-BM-., MedImmune) (n= 20) or TIV (FluzoneM-BM-., Sanofi Pasteur) (n= 17). Two exceptions were applied to the randomization: four children with ages between 6 months and 2 years old received TIV, since LAIV is not licensed on this age group, and four children with controlled asthma also received TIV following CDCM-bM-^@M-^Ys recommendations. One child aged 6 months at the time of enrollment received two doses of the vaccine with one month interval apart, since it was his first influenza vaccination. Exclusion criteria included any medical comorbidities or chronic conditions (lung, kidney or heart disease), use of systemic steroids in the previous 2 weeks, and congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies. The 2011-2012 LAIV and TIV vaccines contained A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)-like, A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2)-like and B/Brisbane/60/2008-like antigens, the same strains used on the 2010-2011 influenza vaccine. TIV recipients aged 6 to 35 months old received 0.25 mL intramuscularly and recipients aged 36 months and older received 0.5 mL. LAIV recipients received 0.2 mL by intranasal route, 0.1 mL per nostril. Blood samples were collected at four time points, on day zero prior to vaccination, and day 1, day 7 (range 6-8) and day 30 (range 27-33) post-vaccination.
2014-03-31 | E-GEOD-52005 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:LAIV and TIV are effective for prevention of influenza infection in children, but the mechanisms associated with protection are still not well defined. We analyzed the differences in B cell responses and transcriptional profiles. Compared to baseline, LAIV elicited a significant increase in naïve, memory and transitional B cells on day 30, while vaccination with TIV elicited an increase in number of plasmablasts on day 7. Antibody titers against the three vaccine strains (H1N1, H3N2 and B) were significantly higher in the TIV group and correlated with number of antibody-secreting cells. Regarding transcriptional profiles, both vaccines induced expression of interferon signaling, but at different time points, TIV on 1 day, and LAIV on day 7 day post-vaccination, the last only in children younger than 5 years old. Interferon-related genes over expressed in both vaccinated groups correlated with antibody titers of H3N2 vaccines strain. These results suggest that LAIV and TIV induced significant different B cell responses in vaccinated children. Early induction on interferon genes appears important for development of effective antibody responses.
2014-03-31 | GSE52005 | GEO
Project description:The reasons for differences in vaccine effectiveness between live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) and inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) are not clea Blood samples were obtained before vaccination and at days 7 and 21 postvaccination with 2015-2016 quadrivalent IIV or LAIV. Serologic response to the vaccine was measured by hemagglutination inhibition assay. Targeted RNA sequencing and serum cytokine analysis were performed. Paired analyses were used to determine gene expression and were compared between IIV and LAIV recipients.
2019-03-05 | GSE127792 | GEO
Project description:Compared to intramuscular vaccines, nasally administered vaccines have the advantage of inducing local mucosal immune responses that may block infection and interrupt transmission of respiratory pathogens1. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is commonly used in children2, but its effectiveness declines with age3. This may be attributed to the gradual accumulation of homo- or hetero-subtypic immunity that blocks vaccine replication necessary to induce protective responses3, 4. Despite its demonstrable efficacy against influenza in children, correlates of protection for LAIV remain elusive5. Studying young adult volunteers we found that LAIV induced distinct, compartmentalized, antibody responses in the mucosa and blood. LAIV also induced mucosal IL-33 release in the first 8 hours post-inoculation and distinct CD8+ and cTfh T cell activation profiles. Mucosal antibodies are induced separately from blood antibodies and may provide a simple and novel correlate of protection for mucosal vaccination.
2023-10-19 | GSE230494 | GEO
Project description:RNAseq from nasopharyngeal swab RNA prior to intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine in children
| PRJNA670718 | ENA
Project description:Live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccines elicit a combination of systemic and mucosal immunity by mimicking a natural infection. To further enhance protective mucosal responses, we incorporated the gene encoding the IgA-inducing protein (IGIP) into the LAIV genomes of the cold-adapted A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) strain (caLen) and the experimental attenuated backbone A/turkey/Ohio/313053/04 (H3N2) (OH/04att). Incorporation of IGIP into the caLen background led to a virus that grew poorly in prototypical substrates. In contrast, IGIP in the OH/04att background (IGIP-H1att) virus grew to titers comparable to the isogenic backbone H1att (H1N1) without IGIP. IGIP-H1att- and H1caLen-vaccinated mice were protected against lethal challenge with a homologous virus. The IGIP-H1att vaccine generated robust serum HAI responses in naive mice against the homologous virus, equal or better than those obtained with the H1caLen vaccine. Analyses of IgG and IgA responses using a protein microarray revealed qualitative differences in humoral and mucosal responses between vaccine groups. Overall, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples from the IGIP-H1att group showed trends towards increased stimulation of IgG and IgA responses compared to H1caLen samples. In summary, the introduction of genes encoding immunomodulatory functions into a candidate LAIV can serve as natural adjuvants to improve overall vaccine safety and efficacy.
2021-07-05 | GSE179334 | GEO
Project description:ImportanceSome studies have reported negative effects of prior-season influenza vaccination. Prior-season influenza vaccination effects on vaccine effectiveness (VE) in children are not well understood.ObjectiveTo assess the association of prior-season influenza vaccination with subsequent VE in children aged 2 to 17 years.Design, setting, and participantsThis multiseason, test-negative case-control study was conducted in outpatient clinics at 4 US sites among children aged 2 to 17 years with a medically attended febrile acute respiratory illness. Participants were recruited during the 2013-2014, 2014-2015, and 2015-2016 seasons when influenza circulated locally. Cases were children with influenza confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Test-negative control individuals were children with negative test results for influenza.ExposuresVaccination history, including influenza vaccine type received in the enrollment season (live attenuated influenza vaccine [LAIV], inactivated influenza vaccine [IIV], or no vaccine) and season before enrollment (LAIV, IIV, or no vaccine), determined from medical records and immunization registries.Main outcomes and measuresLAIV and IIV effectiveness by influenza type and subtype (influenza A[H1N1]pdm09, influenza A[H3N2], or influenza B), estimated as 100 × (1 - odds ratio) in a logistic regression model with adjustment for potential confounders. Prior season vaccination associations were assessed with an interaction term.ResultsOf 3369 children (1749 [52%] male; median age, 6.6 years [range, 2-17 years]) included in the analysis, 772 (23%) had a positive test result for influenza and 1674 (50%) were vaccinated in the enrollment season. Among LAIV recipients, VE against influenza A(H3N2) was higher among children vaccinated in both the enrollment and 1 prior season (50.3% [95% CI, 17.0% to 70.2%]) than among those without 1 prior season vaccination (-82.4% [95% CI, -267.5% to 9.5%], interaction P < .001). The effectiveness of LAIV against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was not associated with prior season vaccination among those with prior season vaccination (47.5% [95% CI, 11.4% to 68.9%]) and among those without prior season vaccination (7.8% [95% CI, -101.9% to 57.9%]) (interaction P = .37). Prior season vaccination was not associated with effectiveness of IIV against influenza A(H3N2) (38.7% [95% CI, 6.8% to 59.6%] among those with prior-season vaccination and 23.2% [95% CI, -38.3% to 57.4%] among those without prior-season vaccination, interaction P = .16) or with effectiveness of IIV against influenza A[H1N1]pdm09 (72.4% [95% CI, 56.0% to 82.7%] among those with prior season vaccination and 67.5% [95% CI, 32.1% to 84.4%] among those without prior season vaccination, interaction P = .93). Residual protection from prior season vaccination only (no vaccination in the enrollment season) was observed for influenza B (LAIV: 60.0% [95% CI, 36.8% to 74.7%]; IIV: 60.0% [36.9% to 74.6%]). Similar results were observed in analyses that included repeated vaccination in 2 and 3 prior seasons.Conclusions and relevanceInfluenza VE varied by influenza type and subtype and vaccine type, but prior-season vaccination was not associated with reduced VE. These findings support current recommendations for annual influenza vaccination of children.
| S-EPMC6324442 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe burden of influenza is increasingly recognised in Africa. The WHO recommends introducing influenza vaccination to high-risk groups: pregnant women, children <5 years, and the elderly. The Gambia currently has no influenza vaccination policy, but the NASIMMUNE study, a clinical trial of intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) in young children provided an opportunity to study maternal attitudes towards LAIV for the first time in sub-Saharan Africa. We assess acceptability of LAIV, influenza knowledge and attitudes towards influenza vaccination in Gambian women. Additionally, we investigate predictors of willingness to receive influenza vaccine (intent) in pregnancy or seasonally for children <5.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in Gambian women at two urban health facilities. To assess LAIV acceptability, the exposure group (women whose children had received LAIV during the NASIMMUNE study) were compared to a control group (women whose children were not enrolled in the NASIMMUNE study). Demographics and health belief constructs were analysed as predictors of influenza knowledge and vaccine intent.FindingsThe exposure group (n = 150) expressed a higher preference for a nasal spray vaccine than an injection compared to the control group (n = 304) (93.3% vs. 34.9%, OR = 26.15, p < 0.0001). Those in the exposure group who preferred the nasal spray found it less distressing, safer or equally safe, and easier or equally easy to give (all p < 0.001) than injections. Influenza knowledge increased with education level (p = 0.006 for higher education vs. none), and varied between sites (p = 0.0005). Vaccine intent was >98%, but no association with influenza knowledge or difference between groups was observed. Various health belief constructs were associated with vaccine intent.ConclusionLAIV acceptability was higher in those with first-hand experience. Influenza vaccine intent was also high. Incorporation of seasonal LAIV into the childhood immunisation schedule in The Gambia would be feasible, particularly if combined with community-based health education.
| S-EPMC5858151 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundInfluenza virus infection is a major public health burden worldwide. Available vaccines include the inactivated intramuscular trivalent vaccine and, more recently, an intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). The measure of successful vaccination with the inactivated vaccine is a systemic rise in immunoglobulin G (IgG) level, but for the LAIV no such correlate has been established.MethodsSeventy-nine subjects were given the LAIV FluMist. Blood was collected prior to vaccination and 3 days and 30 days after vaccination. Nasal wash was collected 3 days and 30 days after vaccination. Responses were measured systemically and in mucosal secretions for cytokines, cell activation profiles, and antibody responses.ResultsOnly 9% of subjects who received LAIV seroconverted, while 33% of patients developed at least a 2-fold increase in influenza virus-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies in nasal wash. LAIV induced a localized inflammation, as suggested by increased expression of interferon-response genes in mucosal RNA and increased granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and IP-10 in nasal wash. Interestingly, patients who seroconverted had significantly lower serum levels of G-CSF before vaccination.ConclusionsProtection by LAIV is likely provided through mucosal IgA and not by increases in systemic IgG. LAIV induces local inflammation. Seroconversion is achieved in a small fraction of subjects with a lower serum G-CSF level.
| S-EPMC3571238 | biostudies-literature