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Scaling of cellular gene expression with ploidy

ABSTRACT: Whereas most eukaryotic cells are diploid, carrying two chromosome sets, variances in ploidy are common. Despite the relative prevalence of ploidy changes and their relevance for pathology and evolution, the consequences of altered ploidy for cellular gene expression remain poorly understood. We quantified changes in the transcriptome and proteome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with different ploidy, from the haploid to the tetraploid state. We found that the abundance of proteins increases with ploidy, but does not scale proportionally with increasing DNA content, suggesting a compensatory, cellular response to increases in ploidy. We further found that pathways related to cytoplasmic ribosomes and translation are differentially regulated. With increasing ploidy the cells reduced the rRNA and ribosomal protein abundance, although they maintained a constant translational output. These adaptations stem from an active process that involves the kinases Tor1 and Sch9 and the transcriptional corepressor of rDNA transcription, Tup1. Consistent with our results in yeast, human tetraploid cells show reduced mTORC1 activity and downregulated their ribosome content via the Tup1 homolog Tle1, demonstrating that the proteome remodeling pathway discovered here constitutes a conserved response pathway to increased ploidy.

ORGANISM(S): Schizosaccharomyces pombe Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C Saccharomyces cerevisiae

PROVIDER: GSE162513 | GEO | 2022/08/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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