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Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE162640 | GEO | 2022/08/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes [RNA-seq]

Project description:During angiosperm male gametogenesis, microspores divide to produce a vegetative cell (VC) and a male germline (MG), each with a distinct cell fate. How the MG cell/VC fate is determined remains largely unknown. Here, we report that the VC-targeted H3K27me3 erasure resulted in VC fate transition towards a gamete destination. Multi-omics and cytologic analysis reveal that H3K27me3 is essential for VC fate commitment and contributes to suppress the MG cell fate initiation in VC, whereas MG cells require H3K27me3 reprograming for the gamete cell fate. This work suggests that the MG cell/VC fate is epigenetically regulated. The dimorphic H3K27 methylation acts as a core switch to determine their distinct cell fates and ensure the functional specification of both VC and MG for pollen fertility. This work also provides direct evidences for the proposal that VC maintains the default developmental program of microspore, whereas MG requires reprogramming.

2022-08-03 | GSE162639 | GEO

Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes [ATAC-seq]

2022-08-03 | GSE162638 | GEO

Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes [CUT&Tag]

2022-08-03 | GSE162637 | GEO

Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes

Project description:Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes

| PRJNA682442 | ENA

Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes [CUT&Tag]

Project description:Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes [CUT&Tag]

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Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes [ATAC-seq]

Project description:Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes [ATAC-seq]

| PRJNA682444 | ENA

Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes [RNA-seq]

Project description:Dimorphic H3K27 methylation guides germline or vegetative cell fate dichotomy in male gametophytes [RNA-seq]

| PRJNA682445 | ENA

H3K36 methylation antagonizes PRC2-mediated H3K27 methylation.

Project description:H3K27 methylation mediated by the histone methyltransferase complex PRC2 is critical for transcriptional regulation, Polycomb silencing, Drosophila segmentation, mammalian X chromosome inactivation, and cancer. PRC2-mediated H3K27 methylation can spread along the chromatin and propagate the repressive chromatin environment; thus, chromatin components that antagonize the activity of PRC2 are important for restraining Polycomb silencing. Here we report that in HeLa cells, H3 histones unmethylated at Lys-36 are mostly methylated at Lys-27, with the exception of newly synthesized H3. In addition, K27me3 rarely co-exists with K36me2 or K36me3 on the same histone H3 polypeptide. Moreover, PRC2 activity is greatly inhibited on nucleosomal substrates with preinstalled H3K36 methylation. These findings collectively identify H3K36 methylation as a chromatin component that restricts the PRC2-mediated spread of H3K27 methylation. Finally, we provide evidence that the controversial histone lysine methyltransferase Ash1, a known Trithorax group protein that antagonizes Polycomb silencing in vivo, is an H3K36-specific dimethylase, not an H3K4 methylase, further supporting the role of H3K36 methylation in antagonizing PRC2-mediated H3K27 methylation.

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Prdm14 promotes germline fate and naive pluripotency by repressing FGF signalling and DNA methylation.

Project description:Primordial germ cells (PGCs) and somatic cells originate from postimplantation epiblast cells in mice. As pluripotency is lost upon differentiation of somatic lineages, a naive epigenome and the pluripotency network are re-established during PGC development. Here we demonstrate that Prdm14 contributes not only to PGC specification, but also to naive pluripotency in embryonic stem (ES) cells by repressing the DNA methylation machinery and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling. This indicates a critical role for Prdm14 in programming PGCs and promoting pluripotency in ES cells.

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AP1G2 Affects Mitotic Cycles of Female and Male Gametophytes in Arabidopsis

Project description:During sexual reproduction in flowering plants, haploid spores are formed from meiosis of spore mother cells. The spores then undergo mitosis, develop into female and male gametophytes, and give rise to seeds after fertilization. We identified a female sterile mutant ap1g2-4 from EMS mutagenesis, and analyses of two T-DNA insertion mutants, ap1g2-1+/− and ap1g2-3−/−, and detected a partial female and male sterility. The ap1g2 mutant gametophyte development was arrested at one nuclear stage. A complementation test using a genomic sequence of AP1G2 with its native promoter restored the function in the three ap1g2 mutant lines. Transcriptome profiling of ap1g2 ovules revealed that four genes encoding clathrin assembly proteins PICALM5A/B and PICALM9A/B, which were involved in endocytosis, were downregulated, which were confirmed to interact with AP1G2 through yeast two-hybrid assays and BIFC analysis. Our result also demonstrated that RALFL4-8-15-19-26 CML16 and several calcium-dependent protein kinases, including CPK14-16-17, were all downregulated in the ovules of ap1g2-1+/−. Moreover, Ca2+ concentration was low in impaired gametophytes. Therefore, we proposed that through interaction with PICALM5A/B and PICALM9A/B, AP1G2 may mediate gametogenesis accompanied by Ca2+ signaling in Arabidopsis. Our findings revealed a crucial role of AP1G2 in female and male gametogenesis in Arabidopsis and enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning sexual reproduction in flowering plants.

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