Project description:Understanding on pathogenesis of COVID-19 is rapidly growing, but primary target cells of SARS-CoV-2 infection is still not known. Here, we performed single cell RNA sequencing on human nasal mucosa tissue to investigate the expression patterns of host cell entry factors of SARS-CoV-2.
Project description:To explore the impact of nasal commensal viruses on the onset and progression of allergic rhinitis, We used single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze the diversity of CD45+ cells in the nasal mucosa of mice treated with Vehicle, Ribavirin, Vehicle-OVA, or Ribavirin-OVA.
Project description:Nasal mucosa and olfactory bulb are separated by the cribriform plate which is perforated by olfactory nerves. We have previously demonstrated that the cribriform plate is permissive for T cells and monocytes and that viruses can enter the bulb upon intranasal injection by axonal transportation. Therefore, we hypothesized that nasal mucosa and olfactory bulb are equipped to deal with constant infectious threats. To detect genes involved in this process, we compared gene expression in nasal mucosa and bulb of mice kept under specific pathogen free (SPF) conditions to gene expression of mice kept on non-SPF conditions using RNA deep sequencing. We found massive alterations in the expression of immune-related genes of the nasal mucosa, while the bulb did not respond immunologically. The absence of induction of immune-related genes in the olfactory bulb suggests effective defence mechanisms hindering entrance of environmental pathogens beyond the outer arachnoid layer. The genes detected in this study may include candidates conferring susceptibility to meningitis.
Project description:In this study, we performed high-throughput sequencing to evaluate the gene expression profile of nasal mucosa-derived fibroblasts treated with PM2.5.
Project description:To evaluate the roles of DUOX2 in flagellin- induced inflammatory response in mouse nasal mucosa. Wild type (Duox2+/+) and Duox2 knockout (Duox2-/-) mice were stimulated with 1 M-NM-<g/ml of flagellin for 4h. 422 genes (> 2 fold) were up-regulated in nasal mucosa of Duox2+/+ that was treated with flagellin and the full list of genes is presented in Supplemental Table II. These genes included the following defense- and immune response-related genes : Cytokine/chemokine-related genes (CCL20, CCR2, CCR5, CXCL2, CXCL5, CXCL9, CXCL16, IL18RAP, TNFAIP2, IL1B EAR2, FPR1), Granulocyte-related genes (IL8RB, MPO, PRG2, PPBP, PRG3), interferon-related genes (IFITM6, IFI47), macrophage related genes (IL1B, S100A9), and T-cell mediated immune response related genes (H2-Q6, IL1F9). In addition, signal transduction (PPBP, OLFR60, P2RY10) and cell adhesion (SELL, SELP, ICAM1, DSG1A, DSG3, VCAM1) related genes were also increased by flagellin treatment. These genes were selected based on the biological processes and molecular functions of their gene ontology. However, the increase of inflammation and immune response related genes by flagellin treatment were diminished in the nasal mucosa of the Duox2-/- mice compared with that of Duox2+/+ mice. Wild type (Duox2+/+) and Duox2 knockout (Duox2-/-) mice received either PBS (control) or flagellin (5 ug/ml) intranasally for 4h.
Project description:To evaluate the roles of DUOX2 in flagellin- induced inflammatory response in mouse nasal mucosa. Wild type (Duox2+/+) and Duox2 knockout (Duox2-/-) mice were stimulated with 1 μg/ml of flagellin for 4h. 422 genes (> 2 fold) were up-regulated in nasal mucosa of Duox2+/+ that was treated with flagellin and the full list of genes is presented in Supplemental Table II. These genes included the following defense- and immune response-related genes : Cytokine/chemokine-related genes (CCL20, CCR2, CCR5, CXCL2, CXCL5, CXCL9, CXCL16, IL18RAP, TNFAIP2, IL1B EAR2, FPR1), Granulocyte-related genes (IL8RB, MPO, PRG2, PPBP, PRG3), interferon-related genes (IFITM6, IFI47), macrophage related genes (IL1B, S100A9), and T-cell mediated immune response related genes (H2-Q6, IL1F9). In addition, signal transduction (PPBP, OLFR60, P2RY10) and cell adhesion (SELL, SELP, ICAM1, DSG1A, DSG3, VCAM1) related genes were also increased by flagellin treatment. These genes were selected based on the biological processes and molecular functions of their gene ontology. However, the increase of inflammation and immune response related genes by flagellin treatment were diminished in the nasal mucosa of the Duox2-/- mice compared with that of Duox2+/+ mice.
Project description:Antigen uptake, processing, trafficking and presentation in nasal mucosal tissues are regulated by complex intra- and inter-cellular signalling events. Typical vaccine adjuvants lead to the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines which relate to immune induction. We used microarrays to detail the global expression of genes in murine nasal mucosa underlying immune induction with a non-inflammatory nanoemulsion nasal adjuvant. 8 week old female CD-1 mice were nasally treated with 5 microliters/nare of either 20% (v/v) naomeulsion (W805EC) or PBS. Nasal epithelium was harvested immediately post-mortem at either 6 (6 hr) or 24 hours (24 hr) following treatment. The tissue was placed in OTC and frozen by immersion in liquid nitrogen. Total RNA was extracted per sample using RNA easy (Qiagen).
