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High Glucose Macrophage Exosomes Enhance Atherosclerosis by Driving Cellular Proliferation & Hematopoiesis [miRNA-Seq]

ABSTRACT: Hyperglycemia is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular complications in diabetes. While hyperglycemia is known to cause microRNA dysregulation that contributes to cellular activation, whether it can do so through intercellular communication via extracellular vesicles (EVs) is not known. We investigated whether EVs produced under hyperglycemic conditions could communicate signaling to drive atherosclerosis. We did so by treating Apoe−/−mice with exosomes produced by bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDM) exposed to high glucose (BMDM–HG-exo) or control. Repeated infusion of BMDM–HG-exo led to a robust increase in hematopoiesis leading to augmented circulating myeloid cell numbers. Four weeks of BMDM–HG-exo infusions increased atherosclerotic lesion sizes with an accumulation of macrophage and apoptotic cells in the aortic root. Transcriptome-wide analysis of naïve cultured macrophages treated with BMDM–HG-exo showed an upregulation of genes associated with cell proliferation. Furthermore, BMDM–HG-exo reprogramed energy metabolism in recipient macrophages with an upregulation of glycolytic activity. Plasma EVs isolated from human subjects with type II diabetes exerted similar cell signaling when incubated with cultured human macrophages. Lastly, profiling microRNA in BMDM–HG-exo and human diabetic plasma EVs converged on miR-486 as commonly enriched. In conclusion, our findings show that EVs serve to communicate detrimental

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE162958 | GEO | 2021/08/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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High Glucose Macrophage Exosomes Enhance Atherosclerosis by Driving Cellular Proliferation & Hematopoiesis [RNA-Seq]

Project description:Hyperglycemia is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular complications in diabetes. While hyperglycemia is known to cause microRNA dysregulation that contributes to cellular activation, whether it can do so through intercellular communication via extracellular vesicles (EVs) is not known. We investigated whether EVs produced under hyperglycemic conditions could communicate signaling to drive atherosclerosis. We did so by treating Apoe−/−mice with exosomes produced by bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDM) exposed to high glucose (BMDM–HG-exo) or control. Repeated infusion of BMDM–HG-exo led to a robust increase in hematopoiesis leading to augmented circulating myeloid cell numbers. Four weeks of BMDM–HG-exo infusions increased atherosclerotic lesion sizes with an accumulation of macrophage and apoptotic cells in the aortic root. Transcriptome-wide analysis of naïve cultured macrophages treated with BMDM–HG-exo showed an upregulation of genes associated with cell proliferation. Furthermore, BMDM–HG-exo reprogramed energy metabolism in recipient macrophages with an upregulation of glycolytic activity. Plasma EVs isolated from human subjects with type II diabetes exerted similar cell signaling when incubated with cultured human macrophages. Lastly, profiling microRNA in BMDM–HG-exo and human diabetic plasma EVs converged on miR-486 as commonly enriched. In conclusion, our findings show that EVs serve to communicate detrimental

2021-08-18 | GSE162961 | GEO

Macrophage Exosomes Resolve Atherosclerosis by Regulating Hematopoiesis and Inflammation via MicroRNA Cargo

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Project description:While ApoE expression by myeloid cells is recognized to control inflammation, whether such benefits can be communicated via extracellular vesicles including exosomes is not known. Through the study of exosomes produced by macrophages derived from the bone marrow of Wildtype (WT-BMDM-exo) and ApoE deficient (EKO-BMDM-exo) mice, we uncover a critical role of ApoE in regulating cell signaling properties. We treated BMDM with EKO-BMDM-exo, WT-BMDM-exo, or PBS and performed gene expression profiling analysis. We found that BMDM treated with EKO-BMDM-exo show reductions in the cholesterol efflux gene Abca1 and the long chain fatty acid transporter Cpt1a. Furthermore, BMDM treated with EKO-BMDM-exo show reduced expressions of genes involved in oxidative stress response, particularly the glutathione peroxidases (Gpx1 & Gpx3) and the selenoproteins (Selenow, Selenom, Selenop, and Selenon). In contrast, treatments of these EKO-BMDM-exo upregulated the expressions of genes reported to drive glycolysis or involved in the glycolytic pathway (Aldh2, Pkm, Cd9, Fth1, Dio2, and Pgd). Taken together, our data unveil a novel property of macrophage ApoE in controlling the immunometabolism-regulatory properties by their secreted exosomes.

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Project description:The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of ionizing radiation on CT-2A cells at the protein level, proteomics analyses were performed on CT-2A cells irradiated with 5 Gy. To investigate the effect of glioma-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) on bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) at the protein level, BMDM were exposed to EVs for 48 hours. Multiplexed mass spectrometry-based proteomics was performed using TMTpro barcoding reagents and the SPS-MS3 method on an Orbitrap Lumos mass spectrometer. Samples were labeled as follows: CT-2A CTRL samples: CT2A_Cells_CTRL_1 (126), CT2A_Cells_CTRL_2 (127n) CT-2A IR samples: CT2A_Cells_IR_1 (127c), CT2A_Cells_IR_2 (128n) BMDM samples: Macrophage_CTRL_1 (128c), Macrophage_CTRL_2 (129n) BMDM+EV samples: Macrophage_Plus_EV_1 (130c), Macrophage_Plus_EV_2 (131n) BMDM+irEV samples: Macrophage_Plus_irEV_1 (131c), Macrophage_Plus_irEV_2 (132n)

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Topp2000_BetaCellMass_Diabetes

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