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Golden hamster piRNAs are essential for early development and establishment of spermatogonia [hamster_oocyte.RNA_seq]

ABSTRACT: PIWI-associated RNAs (piRNAs) support germline by suppressing retrotransposons and genes. In mice, piRNAs are essential for spermatogenesis but not oogenesis. To test how this applies to other mammals, we deleted Mov10l1 helicase in golden hamsters whose piRNA pathway configuration is closer to other mammals than that of mice. Mov10l1–/– male hamsters showed impaired establishment of spermatogonia accompanied by transcriptome dysregulation and surge of MYSERV retrotransposon expression. The rare viable spermatogenic cells showed meiotic failure phenotype like Mov10l1–/– mice. Female Mov10l1–/–hamsters were sterile due to post-meiotic loss of developmental competence in zygotes. Unique phenotypes of Mov10l1–/– hamsters demonstrate adaptive nature of piRNA-mediated control of genes and retrotransposons, which enables confronting emerging genomic threats or acquiring new physiological roles.

ORGANISM(S): Mesocricetus auratus

PROVIDER: GSE164656 | GEO | 2021/07/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Golden hamster piRNAs are essential for early development and establishment of spermatogonia [hamster_oocyte.bisulfite_seq]

Project description:PIWI-associated RNAs (piRNAs) support germline by suppressing retrotransposons and genes. In mice, piRNAs are essential for spermatogenesis but not oogenesis. To test how this applies to other mammals, we deleted Mov10l1 helicase in golden hamsters whose piRNA pathway configuration is closer to other mammals than that of mice. Mov10l1–/– male hamsters showed impaired establishment of spermatogonia accompanied by transcriptome dysregulation and surge of MYSERV retrotransposon expression. The rare viable spermatogenic cells showed meiotic failure phenotype like Mov10l1–/– mice. Female Mov10l1–/–hamsters were sterile due to post-meiotic loss of developmental competence in zygotes. Unique phenotypes of Mov10l1–/– hamsters demonstrate adaptive nature of piRNA-mediated control of genes and retrotransposons, which enables confronting emerging genomic threats or acquiring new physiological roles.

2021-07-13 | GSE164657 | GEO

Golden hamster piRNAs are essential for early development and establishment of spermatogonia [hamster_testis.RNA_seq]

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Golden hamster piRNAs are essential for early development and establishment of spermatogonia [hamster_testis.small_RNAseq]

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Mouse MOV10L1 associates with Piwi proteins and is an essential component of the piRNA pathway

Project description:Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are essential for silencing of transposable elements in the germline but their biogenesis is poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that MOV10L1, a germ cell-specific putative RNA helicase, is associated with Piwi proteins. Genetic disruption of the MOV10L1 RNA helicase domain in mice renders both MILI and MIWI2 devoid of piRNAs. Absence of a functional piRNA pathway in Mov10l1 mutant testes causes loss of DNA methylation and subsequent de-repression of retrotransposons in germ cells. The Mov10l1 mutant males are sterile due to complete meiotic arrest. This is the first mouse mutant that expresses Piwi proteins but lacks piRNAs, suggesting that MOV10L1 is required for piRNA biogenesis and/or loading to Piwi proteins. Examination of piRNAs in Mov10l IP and differences in total small RNA profiles in RNA helicase Mov10l+/- and Mov10l-/- mutants.

2010-06-12 | E-GEOD-21763 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mouse MOV10L1 associates with Piwi proteins and is an essential component of the piRNA pathway

2010-06-13 | GSE21763 | GEO

Transcriptome analysis in mouse late spermatocyte deficient in pachytene piRNAs (Mov10l1 fl/+ and Mov10l1 s fl/-)

Project description:In animal germline cells, Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) silence retrotransposons through post-transcriptional and transcriptional mechanisms. However, little is known, especially in mammals, about the functions of piRNAs beyond retrotransposon suppression1-5. In mammalian spermatocytes, piRNAs are known to be abundantly expressed6-10. Here, we show that a subset of coding and noncoding RNAs in mouse spermatocytes is degraded by the piRNA pathway. By analyzing the germline trasnscriptome of mice deficient in piRNA biogenesis, we identify hundreds of mRNAs as direct targets of piRNAs. Remarkably, the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the mRNAs up-regulated in the piRNA pathway mutants are highly enriched with retrotransposon sequenes, implying that these sequences serve as regulatory elements for piRNA-mediated regulation. Furthermore, deficiencies of piRNAs derived from pseudogenes result in increased mRNA levels of their cognate genes, indicating that pseudogenes regulate their functional cognates via piRNAs. Moreover, we identify a large population of testis-enriched long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs), some of which are also degraded by the piRNA pathway. Collectively, our results reveal that the piRNA pathway regulates the expression of both mRNAs and lincRNAs in addition to retrotransposon RNAs during meiosis and the key role of retrotransposons and pseudogenes, two major types of genomic sequences, in this regulation by acting as piRNA sources and/or regulatory elements in target RNAs. Late spermatocyte mRNA profiles of Mov10l1 fl/+ and Mov10l1 s fl/- were analyzed by deep sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq.

2014-11-20 | E-GEOD-43735 | biostudies-arrayexpress

piRNA pathway is essential for generating functional oocytes in golden hamster

Project description:Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small RNAs predominantly expressed in germ cells that function in gametogenesis in various species. Notably, PIWI-deficient female mice are fertile and mouse oocytes express a panel of small RNAs that do not appear widely representative of mammals. Thus, the function of piRNAs in mammalian oogenesis remains largely elusive. Here, we generated PIWIL1- and MOV10L1-deficient golden hamsters and found that all female and male mutants were sterile, with severe defects in embryogenesis and spermatogenesis, respectively. PIWIL1-deficient oocytes displayed aberrant transposon accumulation and broad transcriptomic dysregulation, and maternal PIWIL1-deficient embryos had impaired zygotic genome activation (ZGA). Moreover, our results support that PIWIL1-piRNAs exert a non-redundant function in silencing endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in oocytes. Together, our findings demonstrate that piRNAs are indispensable for generating functional germ cells in golden hamsters and show the informative value of this model species for functional and mechanistic investigations of piRNAs in gametogenesis, especially those related to female infertility.

2021-08-02 | GSE169528 | GEO

RNF17 referees ping-pong in mouse testes

Project description:In mammals, piRNA populations are dynamic throughout male germ cell development. Embryonic piRNAs consist of both primary and secondary species and are mainly directed toward transposons. In meiotic cells, however, the piRNA population is transposon-poor and restricted to primary piRNAs derived from pachytene piRNA clusters. The mechanism controlling which piRNAs are present at each developmental stage is poorly understood. Here we show that RNF17 shapes adult meiotic piRNA content by suppressing the production of secondary piRNAs. In the absence of RNF17, ping-pong (secondary amplification) occurs inappropriately in meiotic cells – aberrantly targeting protein-coding genes and lncRNAs. Our data indicate that RNF17 comprises one component of a “refereeing” mechanism that prevents deleterious activity of the meiotic piRNA pathway by ensuring the selective loading of PIWI proteins with products of meiotic piRNA clusters. Refer to individual Series

2014-12-17 | E-GEOD-53919 | biostudies-arrayexpress

RNF17 referees ping-pong in mouse testes [RIP-seq]

Project description:In mammals, piRNA populations are dynamic throughout male germ cell development. Embryonic piRNAs consist of both primary and secondary species and are mainly directed toward transposons. In meiotic cells, however, the piRNA population is transposon-poor and restricted to primary piRNAs derived from pachytene piRNA clusters1-6. The mechanism controlling which piRNAs are present at each developmental stage is poorly understood. Here we show that RNF17 shapes adult meiotic piRNA content by suppressing the production of secondary piRNAs. In the absence of RNF17, ping-pong (secondary amplification) occurs inappropriately in meiotic cells – aberrantly targeting protein-coding genes and lncRNAs. Our data indicate that RNF17 comprises one component of a “refereeing” mechanism that prevents deleterious activity of the meiotic piRNA pathway by ensuring the selective loading of PIWI proteins with products of meiotic piRNA clusters. Examination of small RNAs isolated from MIWI and MILI IPs of heterozygous and homozygous RNF17 adult testes

2014-12-17 | E-GEOD-57241 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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