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The expansion of unconventional CD56dim CD16neg cells is a hallmark of the natural killer cell population in COVID-19

ABSTRACT: Natural killer (NK) cells of healthy donors and COVID-19

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE165461 | GEO | 2021/01/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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The expansion of unconventional CD56dim CD16neg cells is a hallmark of the natural killer cell population in COVID-19

Project description:The expansion of unconventional CD56dim CD16neg cells is a hallmark of the natural killer cell population in COVID-19

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Project description:We report the epigenenetic and transcriptional profile of blood natural killer cells. For chromatin analysis we analyze H3K27ac and accessability in CD56bright, CD56dimCD57minus, CD56dimCD57plus and CD56dim natural killer cells, purified from periphrial blood. We also examine transcription and accessability from tonsil derived ILC3 and ieILC1

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Expression profiling of Natural killer B cells

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Distinct Signatures in the Receptor Repertoire Discriminate CD56bright and CD56dim Natural Killer Cells.

Project description:NK cells are phenotypically and functionally diverse lymphocytes due to variegated expression of a large array of receptors. NK-cell activity is tightly regulated through integration of receptor-derived inhibitory and activating signals. Thus, the receptor profile of each NK cell ultimately determines its ability to sense aberrant cells and subsequently mediate anti-viral or anti-tumor responses. However, an in-depth understanding of how different receptor repertoires enable distinct immune functions of NK cells is lacking. Therefore, we investigated the phenotypic diversity of primary human NK cells by performing extensive phenotypic characterization of 338 surface molecules using flow cytometry (n = 18). Our results showed that NK cells express at least 146 receptors on their surface. Of those, 136 (>90%) exhibited considerable inter-donor variability. Moreover, comparative analysis of CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells identified 70 molecules with differential expression between the two major NK-cell subsets and allowed discrimination of these subsets via unsupervised hierarchical clustering. These receptors were associated with a broad range of NK-cell functions and multiple molecules were not previously associated with predominant expression on either subset (e.g. CD82 and CD147). Altogether, our study contributes to an improved understanding of the phenotypic diversity of NK cells and its potential functional implications on a cellular and population level. While the identified distinct signatures in the receptor repertoires provide a molecular basis for the differential immune functions exerted by CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells, the observed inter-individual differences in the receptor repertoire of NK cells may contribute to a diverging ability to control certain diseases.

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Experimental Malaria Infection Triggers Early Expansion of Natural Killer Cells

Project description:In order to gain a better understanding of gene expression during early malaria infection, we conducted microarray analysis of early blood responses in mice infected with erythrocytic stage Plasmodium chabaudi. Immediately following infection, we observed coordinated and sequential waves of immune responses, with interferon-associated gene transcripts dominating by 16 hours post-infection, followed by strong increases in natural killer (NK) cell-associated and MHC class I-related transcripts by 32 hours post-infection. We hypothesized that the observed elevation in NK cell-associated transcripts could be the result of a dramatic increase in the proportion of NK cells in the blood during infection, which we confirmed by flow cytometry. Subsequent microarray analysis of NK cells isolated from the peripheral blood of infected mice revealed a cell proliferation expression signature consistent with the observation that NK cells replicate in response to infection. Early proliferation of NK cells was directly observed in studies with adoptively transferred cells in infected mice. These data indicate that the early response to P. chabaudi infection of the blood is marked by a primary wave of interferon with a subsequent response by NK cells. Keywords: murine whole blood response to Plasmodium chabaudi infection We analyzed a series of 36 MEEBO arrays on which were hybed RNA amplified from whole blood of C57BL/6 mice either mock-infected or infected with P. chabaudi AS.

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CD94-CD56dim, CD94+CD56dim and CD94+CD56hi natural killer (NK) cell chromatin histone modification assay

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