Non-coding RNAs in the transcriptional network that differentiates skeletal muscles of sedentary from long-term endurance- and resistance-trained elderly
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): synthetic construct Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE165633 | GEO | 2021/03/03
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:In a previous study, the whole transcriptome of the vastus lateralis muscle from sedentary elderly and from age-matched athletes with an exceptional record of high-intensity, life-long exercise training was compared-the two groups representing the two extremes on a physical activity scale. Exercise training enabled the skeletal muscle to counteract age-related sarcopenia by inducing a wide range of adaptations, sustained by the expression of protein-coding genes involved in energy handling, proteostasis, cytoskeletal organization, inflammation control, and cellular senescence. Building on the previous study, we examined here the network of non-coding RNAs participating in the orchestration of gene expression and identified differentially expressed micro- and long-non-coding RNAs and some of their possible targets and roles. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analyses of all non-coding RNAs were able to discriminate between sedentary and trained individuals, regardless of the exercise typology. Validated targets of differentially expressed miRNA were grouped by KEGG analysis, which pointed to functional areas involved in cell cycle, cytoskeletal control, longevity, and many signaling pathways, including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which had been shown to be pivotal in the modulation of the effects of high-intensity, life-long exercise training. The analysis of differentially expressed long-non-coding RNAs identified transcriptional networks, involving lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs, affecting processes in line with the beneficial role of exercise training.
| S-EPMC7913629 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In a previous study, the whole transcriptome of the vastus lateralis muscle from sedentary elderly and from age-matched athletes with an exceptional record of high-intensity, life-long exercise training was compared, the two groups representing the two ends of a physical activity scale. Exercise training enabled the skeletal muscle to counteract age-related sarcopenia by inducing a wide range of adaptations, sustained by the expression of protein-coding genes involved in energy handling, proteostasis, cytoskeletal organization, inflammation control, and cellular senescence. Building on the previous study, we examined here the network of non-coding RNAs participating in the orchestration of gene expression and identified differentially expressed micro- and long-non-coding RNAs and some of their possible targets and roles. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analyses of all non-coding RNAs were able to discriminate between sedentary and trained individuals, regardless of the exercise typology. Validated targets of differentially expressed miRNA were grouped by KEGG analysis, which pointed to functional areas involved in cell cycle, cytoskeletal control, longevity, and many signaling pathways, including AMPK and mTOR, which had been shown to be pivotal in the modulation of the effects of high-intensity, life-long exercise training. The analysis of differentially expressed long-non-coding RNAs identified transcriptional networks, involving lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs, affecting processes in line with the beneficial role of exercise training.
2021-03-03 | GSE165632 | GEO
Project description:In a previous study, the whole transcriptome of the vastus lateralis muscle from sedentary elderly and from age-matched athletes with an exceptional record of high-intensity, life-long exercise training was compared, the two groups representing the two ends of a physical activity scale. Exercise training enabled the skeletal muscle to counteract age-related sarcopenia by inducing a wide range of adaptations, sustained by the expression of protein-coding genes involved in energy handling, proteostasis, cytoskeletal organization, inflammation control, and cellular senescence. Building on the previous study, we examined here the network of non-coding RNAs participating in the orchestration of gene expression and identified differentially expressed micro- and long-non-coding RNAs and some of their possible targets and roles. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analyses of all non-coding RNAs were able to discriminate between sedentary and trained individuals, regardless of the exercise typology. Validated targets of differentially expressed miRNA were grouped by KEGG analysis, which pointed to functional areas involved in cell cycle, cytoskeletal control, longevity, and many signaling pathways, including AMPK and mTOR, which had been shown to be pivotal in the modulation of the effects of high-intensity, life-long exercise training. The analysis of differentially expressed long-non-coding RNAs identified transcriptional networks, involving lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs, affecting processes in line with the beneficial role of exercise training.
2021-03-03 | GSE165630 | GEO
Project description:Non-coding RNAs in the transcriptional network that differentiates skeletal muscles of sedentary from long-term endurance- and resistance-trained elderly
| PRJNA695237 | ENA
Project description:Non-coding RNAs in the transcriptional network that differentiates skeletal muscles of sedentary from long-term endurance- and resistance-trained elderly (microarray)
| PRJNA695371 | ENA
Project description:Non-coding RNAs in the transcriptional network that differentiates skeletal muscles of sedentary from long-term endurance- and resistance-trained elderly (RNA-Seq)
| PRJNA695368 | ENA
Project description:Physical exercise is deemed the most efficient way of counteracting the age-related decline of skeletal muscle. Here we report a transcriptional study by next-generation sequencing of vastus lateralis biopsies from elderly with a life-long high-level training practice (n = 9) and from age-matched sedentary subjects (n = 5). Unsupervised mixture distribution analysis was able to correctly categorize trained and untrained subjects, whereas it failed to discriminate between individuals who underwent a prevalent endurance (n = 5) or a prevalent resistance (n = 4) training, thus showing that the training mode was not relevant for sarcopenia prevention. KEGG analysis of transcripts showed that physical exercise affected a high number of metabolic and signaling pathways, in particular those related to energy handling and mitochondrial biogenesis, where AMPK and AKT-mTOR signaling pathways are both active and balance each other, concurring to the establishment of an insulin-sensitive phenotype and to the maintenance of a functional muscle mass. Other pathways affected by exercise training increased the efficiency of the proteostatic mechanisms, consolidated the cytoskeletal organization, lowered the inflammation level, and contrasted cellular senescence. This study on extraordinary individuals who trained at high level for at least thirty years suggests that aging processes and exercise training travel the same paths in the opposite direction.
| S-EPMC7312229 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We investigated acute exercise-induced gene expression in skeletal muscle adapted to aerobic training. Vastus lateralis muscle samples were taken in ten endurance-trained males prior to, and just after, 4 h, and 8 h after acute cycling sessions with different intensities, 70% and 50% V ˙ O 2 max . High-throughput RNA sequencing was applied in samples from two subjects to evaluate differentially expressed genes after intensive exercise (70% V ˙ O 2 max ), and then the changes in expression for selected genes were validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR). To define exercise-induced genes, we compared gene expression after acute exercise with different intensities, 70% and 50% V ˙ O 2 max , by qPCR. The transcriptome is dynamically changed during the first hours of recovery after intensive exercise (70% V ˙ O 2 max ). A computational approach revealed that the changes might be related to up- and down-regulation of the activity of transcription activators and repressors, respectively. The exercise increased expression of many genes encoding protein kinases, while genes encoding transcriptional regulators were both up- and down-regulated. Evaluation of the gene expression after exercise with different intensities revealed that some genes changed expression in an intensity-dependent manner, but others did not: the majority of genes encoding protein kinases, oxidative phosphorylation and activator protein (AP)-1-related genes significantly correlated with markers of exercise stress (power, blood lactate during exercise and post-exercise blood cortisol), while transcriptional repressors and circadian-related genes did not. Some of the changes in gene expression after exercise seemingly may be modulated by circadian rhythm.
| S-EPMC6224845 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Endurance exercise training is accompanied by physiological changes that improve muscle function and performance. Several studies have demonstrated that markers of mitochondrial capacity are elevated, however, these studies tend to be performed ex vivo under conditions that yield maximal enzyme activities or in vivo but monitoring the response to exercise. Therefore, it is unclear whether basal mitochondrial metabolism is affected by exercise training. To explore whether resting muscle metabolism was altered in trained individuals in vivo, two independent parameters of metabolic function-tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux (V(TCA)), and ATP synthesis (V(ATP))-were assessed noninvasively by using magnetic resonance spectroscopy in a cohort of young endurance trained subjects (n = 7) and a group of matched sedentary subjects (n = 8). V(TCA) was 54% higher in the muscle of endurance trained compared with sedentary subjects (91.7 +/- 7.6 vs. 59.6 +/- 4.9 nmol/g/min, P < 0.01); however, V(ATP) was not different between the trained and sedentary subjects (5.98 +/- 0.43 vs. 6.35 +/- 0.70 mumol/g/min, P = 0.67). The ratio V(ATP)/V(TCA) (an estimate of mitochondrial coupling) was also significantly reduced in trained subjects (P < 0.04). These data demonstrate that basal mitochondrial substrate oxidation is increased in the muscle of endurance trained individuals yet energy production is unaltered, leading to an uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation at rest. Increased mitochondrial uncoupling may represent another mechanism by which exercise training enhances muscle insulin sensitivity via increased fatty acid oxidation in the resting state.
| S-EPMC2570428 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Endurance-trained athletes have high oxidative capacity, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and high intracellular lipid accumulation in muscle. These characteristics are likely due to altered gene expression levels in muscle. We used microarrays to detect gene expression profile in endurance-trained athlete skeletal muscle.
2020-07-31 | GSE155271 | GEO