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MondoA Drives Malignancy in B-ALL through Enhanced Adaptation to Metabolic Stress [array]

ABSTRACT: MondoA (also known as MLXIP), a member of the MYC interactome, has been described as an example of a metabolic sensor. By assessing patient data sets we found that MondoA overexpression is associated with a worse survival in pediatric common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Using CRISPR/Cas9 and RNA interference approaches, we observed that MondoA depletion reduces transformational capacity of B-ALL cells in vitro and dramatically inhibits malignant potential in an in vivo mouse model. Interestingly, reduced expression of MondoA in patient data sets correlated with enrichment in metabolic pathways. The loss of MondoA correlated with increased tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity. Mechanistically, MondoA senses metabolic stress in B-ALL cells by restricting oxidative phosphorylation through reduced PDH activity. Glutamine starvation conditions greatly enhance this effect and highlight the inability to mitigate metabolic stress upon loss of MondoA in B-ALL. CHIPseq revealed a modest but highly significant redistribution of MYC towards binding sites shared with MondoA upon loss of MondoA.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE168865 | GEO | 2021/04/04

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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MondoA Drives Malignancy in B-ALL through Enhanced Adaptation to Metabolic Stress [ChIP-seq]

Project description:MondoA (also known as MLXIP), a member of the MYC interactome, has been described as an example of a metabolic sensor. By assessing patient data sets we found that MondoA overexpression is associated with a worse survival in pediatric common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Using CRISPR/Cas9 and RNA interference approaches, we observed that MondoA depletion reduces transformational capacity of B-ALL cells in vitro and dramatically inhibits malignant potential in an in vivo mouse model. Interestingly, reduced expression of MondoA in patient data sets correlated with enrichment in metabolic pathways. The loss of MondoA correlated with increased tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity. Mechanistically, MondoA senses metabolic stress in B-ALL cells by restricting oxidative phosphorylation through reduced PDH activity. Glutamine starvation conditions greatly enhance this effect and highlight the inability to mitigate metabolic stress upon loss of MondoA in B-ALL. CHIPseq revealed a modest but highly significant redistribution of MYC towards binding sites shared with MondoA upon loss of MondoA.

2021-04-04 | GSE168864 | GEO

Deregulated Myc Requires MondoA for Metabolic Reprogramming and Tumorigenesis

Project description:In order to investigate the effect of MondoA loss on the expression of Myc-dependent genes, we performed a microarray analysis from RNAs isolated from TET21N cells expressing either control (siControl) or MondoA (siMondoA) siRNAs either with (NT) or without (Doxy) induced N-Myc expression. TET21N cells were grown in medium with either Doxy (Myc-Off) or No Treatment (Myc-On), then transiently transfected with either non-specific siRNA or MondoA siRNA in replicates. Cells were then lysed and RNA isolated.

2015-01-01 | E-GEOD-55538 | biostudies-arrayexpress

MondoA mediates in vivo aggressiveness of common ALL and may serve as a T cell immunotherapy target

Project description:Oncogene addiction provides ideal targets for immunotherapy. We previously showed that the high expression of the conserved transcription factor MondoA mediates glucose consumption and stemness of a cALL cell line. We now report the expression of MondoA (MLXIP) in cALL compared to other malignancies, its role in malignancy of cALL in vivo, downstream pathways and correlation with relapse risk. Given the non-accessibility of transcription factors by drugs or chimeric antigen receptor transgenic T cells, we assessed the targetability of MondoA by allo-restricted, peptide-specific T cells. We found MondoA to be most highly expressed in pediatric cALL. MondoA knock down (KD) in cALL cell lines and their subsequent analysis in xenograft mice reduced the number of leukemic blasts in blood, marrow and spleen. Spleen size and weight normalized in mice after MondoA KD. Consistent with these data, MondoA overexpression correlated with relapse risk in cALL patients, as its expression was 63% higher in the very high-risk group relative to the non-high-risk group. Transcriptomic profiling of cALL cell lines after MondoA KD revealed an induction of aerobic glycolysis switch genes and hypoxia-response by MondoA. Indeed, MondoA appeared to be required for HIF1A protein stabilization. Therapeutically, MondoA-derived peptide antigens and HLA-A*02:01+ cALL lines were successfully recognized and killed by specific, allo-restricted CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that MondoA maintains leukemic burden and aggressiveness of cALL in vivo possibly by modulating metabolic and hypoxia stress response. Moreover, we identified MondoA as a promising target for immunotherapy of cALL.

2016-04-30 | GSE76277 | GEO

Deregulated Myc Requires MondoA for Metabolic Reprogramming and Tumorigenesis

2015-01-01 | GSE55538 | GEO

RNA-seq of mondoa zebrafish mutants

Project description:The glucose-sensing Mondo pathway regulates expression of metabolic genes in mammals. Here, we have revealed an unexpected role of this pathway in vertebrate embryonic development. We characterized Mondo pathway function in the zebrafish and showed that knock-down of mondoa impaired the early morphogenetic movement of epiboly in zebrafish embryos. Expression of nsdhl , an enzyme of cholesterol and pregnenolone synthesis, was strongly reduced in these embryos. Loss of Nsdhl function likewise impaired epiboly and led to microtubule cytoskeleton defects in the embryo, similar to MondoA loss of function. Both epiboly and microtubule cytoskeleton defects were partially restored by pregnenolone treatment. Gene disruption of mondoa perturbed epiboly with only partial penetrance, likely due to compensatory changes in the expression of cholesterol/steroid metabolism genes. Collectively, our results show a novel role for MondoA in the regulation of early vertebrate development, connecting glucose, cholesterol and steroid hormone metabolism with early embryonic cell movements.

2020-09-11 | GSE134778 | GEO

RNA-seq of mondoa zebrafish morphants

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Low pH controls MondoA genome-wide binding.

Project description:Human MondoA requires glucose as well as other modulatory signals to function in transcription. One such signal is acidosis, which increases MondoA activity and also drives a protective gene signature breast cancer. How low pH controls MondoA transcriptional activity is unknown. We found that low pH medium increases mitochondrial ATP (mtATP), which is subsequently exported from the mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondria-bound hexokinase transfers a phosphate from mtATP to cytoplasmic glucose to generate glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), which is an established MondoA activator. The outer mitochondrial membrane localization of MondoA suggests that it is positioned to coordinate the adaptive transcriptional response to a cell’s most abundant energy sources, cytoplasmic glucose and mtATP. In response to acidosis, MondoA shows preferential binding to just two targets, TXNIP and its paralog ARRDC4. Because these transcriptional targets are suppressors of glucose uptake we propose that MondoA is critical for restoring metabolic homeostasis in response to high energy charge.

2019-01-23 | GSE125089 | GEO

Systematic genome perturbation reveals coordination of lipid droplets and metabolic gene regulation

Project description:Lipid droplets (LDs) store lipids for metabolic eneergy and are central to cellular lipid homeostasis. The mechanisms coordinating lipid storage in LDs with cellular metabolism are unclear but relevant to obesity-related diseases. Here we utilized genome-wide screening to identify genes that modulate lipid storage in human macrophages, a cell type relevant to metabolic diseases. Among ~550 genes regulating lipid storage, we identify MLX, a basic helix-loop-helix leucine-zipper transcription factor that regulates multiple metabolic processes. We show that MLX and family members MLXIP/MondoA and MLXIPL/ChREBP bind LDs via C-terminal amphipathic helices. When LDs increase in cells, LD binding of MLX, MLXIP/MondoA, and MLXIPL/ChREBP reduces their transcriptional activity, whereas the absence of LDs results in hyperactivation. Our findings uncover an unexpected component to a lipid storage response, in which binding of MLX transcription factors to the LD surface modulates their activity, adjusting the expression of metabolic genes to lipid storage levels.

2021-09-08 | PXD012640 | Pride

Systematic genome perturbation reveals coordination of lipid droplets and metabolic gene regulation

Project description:Lipid droplets (LDs) store lipids for metabolic energy and are central to cellular lipid homeostasis. The mechanisms coordinating lipid storage in LDs with cellular metabolism are unclear but relevant to obesity-related diseases. Here we utilized genome-wide screening to identify genes that modulate lipid storage in human macrophages, a cell type relevant to metabolic diseases. Among ~550 genes regulating lipid storage, we identify MLX, a basic helix-loop-helix leucine-zipper transcription factor that regulates multiple metabolic processes. We show that MLX and family members MLXIP/MondoA and MLXIPL/ChREBP bind LDs via C-terminal amphipathic helices. When LDs increase in cells, LD binding of MLX, MLXIP/MondoA, and MLXIPL/ChREBP reduces their transcriptional activity, whereas the absence of LDs results in hyperactivation. Our findings uncover an unexpected component to a lipid storage response, in which binding of MLX transcription factors to the LD surface modulates their activity, adjusting the expression of metabolic genes to lipid storage levels.

2020-01-01 | GSE126002 | GEO

Age-associated decline of MondoA drives cellular senescence through impaired autophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis

Project description:Accumulation of senescent cells affects organismal aging and the prevalence of age-associated disease. Emerging evidence suggests that activation of autophagy protects against age-associated diseases and promotes longevity, but the roles and regulatory mechanisms of autophagy in cellular senescence are not well understood. Here we identified the transcription factor, MondoA, as a novel regulator of cellular senescence, autophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis. MondoA protected against cellular senescence by activating autophagy partly through the suppression of an autophagy negative regulator, Rubicon. In addition, we identified peroxiredoxin 3 (Prdx3) as another downstream regulator of MondoA essential for mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy. Rubicon and Prdx3 worked independently to regulate senescence. Furthermore, we found that MondoA knockout mice had exacerbated senescence during ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI), and a decrease of MondoA in the nucleus was correlated with human aging and ischemic AKI. Our results suggest that retaining MondoA activity protects from senescence and age-associated disease.

2022-03-01 | GSE179016 | GEO

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