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The miR-424(322)/503 gene cluster regulates pro- vs anti-inflammatory skin DC subset differentiation by modulating TGF-βsignaling

ABSTRACT: TGF-β family ligands are key regulators of dendritic cell (DC) differentiation and activation. Epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) require TGF-β family signaling for their differentiation and canonical TGF-β1 signaling secures a non-activated LC state. LCs reportedly control skin inflammation and are replenished from peripheral blood monocytes, which also give rise to pro-inflammatory monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). By studying mechanisms in inflammation, we previously screened LCs vs moDCs for differentially expressed miRNAs. miR-424/503 was the most strongly inversely regulated (moDCs > LCs). We found that miR-424/503 is induced during moDC differentiation and promotes moDC differentiation in human and mouse. Inversely, forced repression of miR-424 during moDC differentiation facilitated TGF-β1-dependent LC differentiation. Mechanistically, miR-424/503 deficiency in monocyte/DC precursors leads to the induction of TGF-β1-response genes critical for LC differentiation. Therefore, the miR-424/503 gene cluster plays a decisive role in anti-inflammatory LC vs pro-inflammatory moDC differentiation from monocytes.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE169717 | GEO | 2021/03/27

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The ontogeny of human Langerhans cells (LCs) remains poorly characterized, in particular the nature of LC precursors and the factors that may drive LC differentiation. Through a systematic transcriptomic analysis of TSLP-activated dendritic cells (DCs), we unexpectedly identified markers that have been associated with a skin-homing potential as well as with a LC phenotype. We performed transcriptomic analysis of TSLP-activated blood DCs, as compared to freshly purified, Medium-, and TNF-activated DCs. Among TSLP up-regulated genes, we identified molecules associated with skin homing, LC phenotype, and LC function, as determined by a literature-based survey. Conversely, genes not expressed in LCs were not found among TSLP-induced genes. Further experiments showed that TGF-? synergized with TSLP leading to the differentiation of blood BDCA-1+ DCs into bona fide Birbeck granule-positive LCs. The ontogeny of human Langerhans cells (LCs) remains poorly characterized, in particular the nature of LC precursors and the factors that may drive LC differentiation. Through a systematic transcriptomic analysis of TSLP-activated dendritic cells (DCs), we unexpectedly identified markers that have been associated with a skin-homing potential as well as with a LC phenotype. We performed transcriptomic analysis of TSLP-activated blood DCs, as compared to freshly purified, Medium-, and TNF-activated DCs. Among TSLP up-regulated genes, we identified molecules associated with skin homing, LC phenotype, and LC function, as determined by a literature-based survey. Conversely, genes not expressed in LCs were not found among TSLP-induced genes. Further experiments showed that TGF-? synergized with TSLP leading to the differentiation of blood BDCA-1+ DCs into bona fide Birbeck granule-positive LCs. Dendritic cells (DC) were purified from the blood of healthy human donors. Each replicate comes from a different donor. There are 6 freshly purified samples (Control_0h), 4 DC samples cultured during 6h with no additional stimulus than the medium (Control_6h), 5 samples cultured during 6h with recombinant TSLP (Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin at 20 ng/uL) (TSLP_6h) and 3 samples cultured during 6h with recombinant TNF (Tumor necrosis factor at 20 ng/mL) (TNF_6h).

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The miR-424(322)/503 gene cluster regulates pro- vs anti-inflammatory skin DC subset differentiation by modulating TGF-βsignaling

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