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Weakened sarcomeric contractility distinguishes Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystrophy muscle fibers

ABSTRACT: To gain further insights into the specificity of the muscle alteration in this disease, we derived induced pluripotent stem cells from patients affected with type 1 and 2 FSHD, differentiated these cells into contractile innervated muscle fibers and analyzed their transcriptome by RNA Seq.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE169724 | GEO | 2022/02/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Weakened sarcomeric contractility distinguishes Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystrophy muscle fibers

Project description:Weakened sarcomeric contractility distinguishes Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystrophy muscle fibers

| PRJNA717762 | ENA

Segregation between SMCHD1 mutation, D4Z4 hypomethylation and Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy: a case report.

Project description:BackgroundThe main form of Facio-Scapulo-Humeral muscular Dystrophy is linked to copy number reduction of the 4q D4Z4 macrosatellite (FSHD1). In 5 % of cases, FSHD phenotype appears in the absence of D4Z4 reduction (FSHD2). In 70-80 % of these patients, variants of the SMCHD1 gene segregate with 4qA haplotypes and D4Z4 hypomethylation.Case presentationWe report a family presenting with neuromuscular symptoms reminiscent of FSHD but without D4Z4 copy reduction. We characterized the 4q35 region using molecular combing, searched for mutation in the SMCHD1 gene and determined D4Z4 methylation level by sodium bisulfite sequencing. We further investigated the impact of the SMCHD1 mutation at the protein level and on the NMD-dependent degradation of transcript. In muscle, we observe moderate but significant reduction in D4Z4 methylation, not correlated with DUX4-fl expression. Exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous insertion of 7 bp in exon 37 of the SMCHD1 gene producing a loss of frame with premature stop codon 4 amino acids after the insertion (c.4614-4615insTATAATA). Both wild-type and mutated transcripts are detected.ConclusionThe truncated protein is absent and the full-length protein level is similar in patients and controls indicating that in this family, FSHD is not associated with SMCHD1 haploinsufficiency.

| S-EPMC5025538 | biostudies-literature

The D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat acts as a CTCF and A-type lamins-dependent insulator in facio-scapulo-humeral dystrophy.

Project description:Both genetic and epigenetic alterations contribute to Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy (FSHD), which is linked to the shortening of the array of D4Z4 repeats at the 4q35 locus. The consequence of this rearrangement remains enigmatic, but deletion of this 3.3-kb macrosatellite element might affect the expression of the FSHD-associated gene(s) through position effect mechanisms. We investigated this hypothesis by creating a large collection of constructs carrying 1 to >11 D4Z4 repeats integrated into the human genome, either at random sites or proximal to a telomere, mimicking thereby the organization of the 4q35 locus. We show that D4Z4 acts as an insulator that interferes with enhancer-promoter communication and protects transgenes from position effect. This last property depends on both CTCF and A-type Lamins. We further demonstrate that both anti-silencing activity of D4Z4 and CTCF binding are lost upon multimerization of the repeat in cells from FSHD patients compared to control myoblasts from healthy individuals, suggesting that FSHD corresponds to a gain-of-function of CTCF at the residual D4Z4 repeats. We propose that contraction of the D4Z4 array contributes to FSHD physio-pathology by acting as a CTCF-dependent insulator in patients.

| S-EPMC2639723 | biostudies-literature

Analysis of the 4q35 chromatin organization reveals distinct long-range interactions in patients affected with Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy.

Project description:Facio-Scapulo Humeral dystrophy (FSHD) is the third most common myopathy, affecting 1 amongst 10,000 individuals (FSHD1, OMIM #158900). This autosomal dominant pathology is associated in 95% of cases with genetic and epigenetic alterations in the subtelomeric region at the extremity of the long arm of chromosome 4 (q arm). A large proportion of the remaining 5% of cases carry a mutation in the SMCHD1 gene (FSHD2, OMIM #158901). Here, we explored the 3D organization of the 4q35 locus by three-dimensions DNA in situ fluorescent hybridization (3D-FISH) in primary fibroblasts isolated from patients and healthy donors. We found that D4Z4 contractions and/or SMCHD1 mutations impact the spatial organization of the 4q35 region and trigger changes in the expression of different genes. Changes in gene expression were corroborated in muscle biopsies suggesting that the modified chromatin landscape impelled a modulation in the level of expression of a number of genes across the 4q35 locus in FSHD. Using induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPSC), we further examined whether chromatin organization is inherited after reprogramming or acquired during differentiation and showed that folding of the 4q35 region is modified upon differentiation. These results together with previous findings highlight the role of the D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat in the topological organization of chromatin and further indicate that the D4Z4-dependent 3D structure induces transcriptional changes of 4q35 genes expression.

| S-EPMC6637155 | biostudies-literature

SMCHD1 variants induce variegated expression in Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystophy and Bosma Arhinia and microphtalmia syndrome.

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2022-05-27 | GSE179986 | GEO

A nuclear matrix attachment site in the 4q35 locus has an enhancer-blocking activity in vivo: implications for the facio-scapulo-humeral dystrophy.

Project description:Facio-scapulo-humeral dystrophy (FSHD), a muscular hereditary disease with a prevalence of 1 in 20,000, is caused by a partial deletion of a subtelomeric repeat array on chromosome 4q. Earlier, we demonstrated the existence in the vicinity of the D4Z4 repeat of a nuclear matrix attachment site, FR-MAR, efficient in normal human myoblasts and nonmuscular human cells but much weaker in muscle cells from FSHD patients. We now report that the D4Z4 repeat contains an exceptionally strong transcriptional enhancer at its 5'-end. This enhancer up-regulates transcription from the promoter of the neighboring FRG1 gene. However, an enhancer blocking activity was found present in FR-MAR that in vitro could protect transcription from the enhancer activity of the D4Z4 array. In vivo, transcription from the FRG1 and FRG2 genes could be down- or up-regulated depending on whether or not FR-MAR is associated with the nuclear matrix. We propose a model for an etiological role of the delocalization of FR-MAR in the genesis of FSHD.

| S-EPMC2134777 | biostudies-literature

SMCHD1 variants induce variegated expression in Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystrophy and Bosma Arhinia and microphtalmia syndrome (Methylation).

Project description:Determination of SMCHD1 epi-signature in type 2 Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystrophy (FSHD2) and Bosma Arhinia and Microphtalmia Syndrome (BAMS).

2023-12-31 | GSE175527 | GEO

SMCHD1 variants induce variegated expression in Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystophy and Bosma Arhinia and microphtalmia syndrome. [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Determination of SMCHD1 epi-signature in type 2 Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystrophy (FSHD2) and Bosma Arhinia and Microphtalmia Syndrome (BAMS).

2022-05-27 | GSE179984 | GEO

SMCHD1 variants induce variegated expression in Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystophy and Bosma Arhinia and microphtalmia syndrome (ChIP-Seq).

Project description:Determination of SMCHD1 epi-signature in type 2 Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystrophy (FSHD2) and Bosma Arhinia and Microphtalmia Syndrome (BAMS).

2023-12-31 | GSE174769 | GEO

SMCHD1 variants induce variegated expression in Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystophy and Bosma Arhinia and microphtalmia syndrome. [RNA-Seq]

Project description:Determination of SMCHD1 epi-signature in type 2 Facio Scapulo Humeral Dystrophy (FSHD2) and Bosma Arhinia and Microphtalmia Syndrome (BAMS).

2022-05-27 | GSE174604 | GEO

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