Six months of gender affirming hormone treatment modifies the methylome in the transgender population
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE173717 | GEO | 2021/05/03
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Six months of gender affirming hormone treatment modifies the methylome in the transgender population
| PRJNA726827 | ENA
Project description:In individuals where gender identity and sex assigned at birth are markedly and consistently incongruent, as in the case of transgender people, feminisation or masculinisation may be sought through gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). In this study we profiled genome-wide DNA methylation in transgender women and transgender men, before and during GAHT (6 months and 12 months into hormone treatment).
2022-02-17 | GSE176394 | GEO
Project description:We measured whole-genome DNA methylation by the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 850 array and reported its correlation with cortical thickness (CTh) in 22 transgender men (TM) experiencing GD versus 25 cisgender men (CM) and 28 cisgender women (CW). With respect to the methylation analysis, TM vs. CW showed significant differences in 35 CpGs, while 2,155 CpGs were found when TM vs. CM were compared. With respect to correlation analysis, TM showed differences in methylation of CBLL1 and DLG1 genes that correlated with global and left hemisphere CTh. Both genes were hypomethylated in TM compared to the cisgender groups. Early onset TM showed a positive correlation between CBLL1 and several cortical regions in the frontal (left caudal middle frontal), temporal (right inferior temporal, left fusiform) and parietal cortices (left supramarginal and right paracentral). This is the first study relating CBLL1 methylation with CTh in transgender persons and supports a neurodevelopmental hypothesis of gender identity
2023-11-03 | GSE237955 | GEO
Project description:The main objective was to carry out a global DNA methylation analysis in a population with gender incongruence before gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT), in comparison to a cisgender population.
2021-04-27 | GSE173382 | GEO
Project description:Sexual dimorphisms, which vary depending on age group and pubertal status, have been described across both the innate and adaptive immune system. We explored the influence of sex hormones on Treg differential gene expression in the context of adolescent health (cisgender and transgender individuals) and autoimmunity (juvenile-onset SLE).
2022-09-01 | E-MTAB-11919 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:A comparison of rectal mucosal RNA transcriptome findings between transgender women using feminizing hormone therapy, men who have sex with men engaging in receptive anal intercourse, and males who had never engaged in anal intercourse demonstrates differential gene expression involving pathways critical for mucosal inflammation, suggesting the urgent need for further exploration into the immunologic effects of cross-sex hormone therapy in the rectal mucosa and the potential impact on HIV transmission risk at this site.
2023-03-21 | GSE141785 | GEO
Project description:The mammary gland is a hormone responsive organ and has been extensively studied under the influences of estrogen and progesterone. However, the molecular implications of androgen exposure in the normal breast remain elusive and unexplored, partially due to a lack of relevant tissue to study the functional consequences of androgen action. Transgender men are born female but identify as male, and many choose to undergo gender-affirming androgen therapy, which elicits wide-ranging masculinizing effects that help align their physical characteristics and gender identity. Here we perform single cell resolution profiling of androgen treated breast tissue from transgender men at the transcriptome, chromatin, and spatial level to elucidate the regulatory action of androgen. We show male-biased androgen receptor gene targets are specifically upregulated in androgen receptor expressing cell types, and that other sex-relevant changes are also initiated in cells lacking androgen receptor expression, through paracrine signaling cascades. We observe a functionally and structurally altered epithelium, shifts in immune populations and directed reduction of capillary vasculature. Finally, we discover evidence of the metabolic impact of androgen and demonstrate how the treatment induces fat loss by specifically targeting adipocyte function. This work provides a comprehensive and mechanistic characterization of the mammary tissue responses to androgen activity at single-cell resolution.
2023-03-07 | GSE168837 | GEO
Project description:The mammary gland is a hormone responsive organ and has been extensively studied under the influences of estrogen and progesterone. However, the molecular implications of androgen exposure in the normal breast remain elusive and unexplored, partially due to a lack of relevant tissue to study the functional consequences of androgen action. Transgender men are born female but identify as male, and many choose to undergo gender-affirming androgen therapy, which elicits wide-ranging masculinizing effects that help align their physical characteristics and gender identity. Here we perform single cell resolution profiling of androgen treated breast tissue from transgender men at the transcriptome, chromatin, and spatial level to elucidate the regulatory action of androgen. We show male-biased androgen receptor gene targets are specifically upregulated in androgen receptor expressing cell types, and that other sex-relevant changes are also initiated in cells lacking androgen receptor expression, through paracrine signaling cascades. We observe a functionally and structurally altered epithelium, shifts in immune populations and directed reduction of capillary vasculature. Finally, we discover evidence of the metabolic impact of androgen and demonstrate how the treatment induces fat loss by specifically targeting adipocyte function. This work provides a comprehensive and mechanistic characterization of the mammary tissue responses to androgen activity at single-cell resolution.
2023-03-07 | GSE168836 | GEO
Project description:Gender is one of the central categories organizing children's social world. Clear patterns of gender development have been well-documented among cisgender children (i.e., children who identify as a gender that is typically associated with their sex assigned at birth). We present a comprehensive study of gender development (e.g., gender identity and gender expression) in a cohort of 3- to 12-y-old transgender children (n = 317) who, in early childhood, are identifying and living as a gender different from their assigned sex. Four primary findings emerged. First, transgender children strongly identify as members of their current gender group and show gender-typed preferences and behaviors that are strongly associated with their current gender, not the gender typically associated with their sex assigned at birth. Second, transgender children's gender identity (i.e., the gender they feel they are) and gender-typed preferences generally did not differ from 2 comparison groups: cisgender siblings (n = 189) and cisgender controls (n = 316). Third, transgender and cisgender children's patterns of gender development showed coherence across measures. Finally, we observed minimal or no differences in gender identity or preferences as a function of how long transgender children had lived as their current gender. Our findings suggest that early sex assignment and parental rearing based on that sex assignment do not always define how a child identifies or expresses gender later.
| S-EPMC6900519 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transgender rights and discrimination against transgender people are growing public policy issues. Theorizing from social, cognitive, and evolutionary psychology suggests that beyond attitudes, discrimination against transgender people may derive from folk theories about what gender is and where it comes from. Transgender identity is met with hostility, in part, because it poses a challenge to the lay view that gender is determined at birth, and based on observable physical and behavioral characteristics. Here, in two pre-registered studies (N = 1323), we asked American adults to indicate the gender of a transgender target who either altered their biology through surgical interventions or altered their outward appearance: to what extent is it their birth-assigned gender or their self-identified gender? Responses correlate strongly with affect toward transgender people, measured by feeling thermometers, yet predict views on transgender people's right to use their preferred bathrooms above and beyond feelings. Compared to male participants, female participants judge the person's gender more in line with the self-identified gender than the birth-assigned gender. This is consistent with social and psychological theories that posit high status (e.g., men) and low status (e.g., women) members of social classification systems view group hierarchies in more and less essentialist ways respectively. Gender differences in gender category beliefs decrease with religiosity and conservatism, and are smaller in higher age groups. These results suggest that folk theories of gender, or beliefs about what gender is and how it is determined have a unique role in how transgender people are viewed and treated. Moreover, as evident by the demographic variability of gender category beliefs, folk theories are shaped by social and cultural forces and are amenable to interventions. They offer an alternative pathway to measure policy support and possibly change attitude toward transgender people.
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