Spatial alanine metabolism determines local growth dynamics of Escherichia coli colonies
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Escherichia coli
PROVIDER: GSE175768 | GEO | 2021/10/29
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Spatial alanine metabolism determines local growth dynamics of Escherichia coli colonies
| PRJNA733507 | ENA
Project description:Bacteria commonly live in spatially structured biofilm assemblages, which are encased by an extracellular matrix. Metabolic activity of the cells inside biofilms causes gradients in local environmental conditions, which leads to the emergence of physiologically differentiated subpopulations. Information about the properties and spatial arrangement of such metabolic subpopulations, as well as their interaction strength and interaction length scales are lacking, even for model systems like Escherichia coli colony biofilms grown on agar-solidified media. Here, we use an unbiased approach, based on temporal and spatial transcriptome and metabolome data acquired during E. coli colony biofilm growth, to study the spatial organization of metabolism. We discovered that alanine displays a unique pattern among amino acids and that alanine metabolism is spatially and temporally heterogeneous. At the anoxic base of the colony, where carbon and nitrogen sources are abundant, cells secrete alanine via the transporter AlaE. In contrast, cells utilize alanine as a carbon and nitrogen source in the oxic nutrient-deprived region at the colony mid-height, via the enzymes DadA and DadX. This spatially structured alanine cross-feeding influences cellular viability and growth in the cross-feeding-dependent region, which shapes the overall colony morphology. More generally, our results on this precisely controllable biofilm model system demonstrate a remarkable spatiotemporal complexity of metabolism in biofilms. A better characterization of the spatiotemporal metabolic heterogeneities and dependencies is essential for understanding the physiology, architecture, and function of biofilms.
| S-EPMC8579308 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of Escherichia coli in the biofilm mode of growth. A comparison of the transcriptional profiles of the biofilm interior and perimeter.
2010-01-01 | GSE18059 | GEO
Project description:The relevance of topographic cues for commitment of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that groove-ridge structures with a periodicity in the submicrometer range induce elongation of iPSC colonies, guide the orientation of apical actin fibers, and direct the polarity of cell division. Elongation of iPSC colonies impacts also on their intrinsic molecular patterning, which seems to be orchestrated from the rim of the colonies. BMP4-induced differentiation is enhanced in elongated colonies, and the submicron grooves impact on the spatial modulation of YAP activity upon induction with this morphogen. Interestingly, TAZ, a YAP paralog, shows distinct cytoskeletal localization in iPSCs. These findings demonstrate that topography can guide orientation and organization of iPSC colonies, which may affect the interaction between mechanosensors and mechanotransducers in iPSCs. For more information please check; https://cbit.maastrichtuniversity.nl/
2018-10-31 | E-MTAB-7327 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The role of topographic cues in controlling commitment of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that groove-ridge nanostructures induce the elongation of iPSC colonies, guide the orientation of apical actin fibers and direct the polarity of cell division. Elongation of iPSC colonies impacts also on the intrinsic molecular patterning which seems to be orchestrated starting from the rim of the colonies. We followed the hypothesis that nanotopography directly modulates the transcriptional program of iPSC, further to guiding the overall spatial organization of the colonies. Single iPSC were seeded on flat (PI flat) and nanostructured polyimide (PI 650) and gene expression profiles were analyzed after three days. No significant differences were observed when cells were kept under culture conditions that sustained pluripotency. Then, we analyzed gene expression changes upon two weeks of multi-lineage differentiation. Many genes revealed significant expression changes in the course of differentiation and this was more pronounced on PI flat as compared to PI 650. Comparison of iPSC that were either differentiated on flat or nanostructured biomaterials revealed differential expression of several genes. Noteworthy, among significantly regulated genes, the biggest fold change on PI 650 versus PI flat after differentiation was observed in ANKRD1, which is one of the best readouts of YAP/TAZ activity. Our study suggests that nanotopography impacts on orientation and organization of iPSC colonies and highlight a possible interaction between mechanosensors and mechanotransducers.
2017-09-18 | GSE84848 | GEO
Project description:Colonies of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) reveal aspects of self-organization even under culture conditions that maintain pluripotent state. To investigate the dynamics of this process under spatial confinement we used either PDMS pillars or micro-contact printing of vitronectin. OCT4, E-cadherin, and NANOG were progressively upregulated within about 70 µm from the outer rim of iPSC colonies. Single-cell RNA-sequencing demonstrated that OCT4high subsets have pronounced up-regulation of the TGF-β pathway, particularly of NODAL and its inhibitor LEFTY, at the rim of the colonies. Furthermore, calcium-dependent cell-cell interaction seemed to be relevant for the self-organization. After 5 to 7 days, the iPSC colonies detached spontaneously from micro-contact printed substrates to form 3D aggregates. This new method allowed generation of embryoid bodies (EBs) of controlled size, without any enzymatic or mechanical treatment. Within the early 3D aggregates, the radial organization and differential gene expression continued in analogy to the changes observed during self-organization of flat iPSC colonies. Our results provide further insight into the gradual self-organization within iPSC colonies and at their transition into EBs.
2022-08-26 | GSE184603 | GEO
Project description:This study investigates the metabolism and antibiotic inhibition in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis colonies.
2016-08-09 | ST000449 | MetabolomicsWorkbench
Project description:Colonies of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) reveal aspects of self-organization even under culture conditions that maintain pluripotent state. To investigate the dynamics of this process under spatial confinement we used either PDMS pillars or micro-contact printing of vitronectin. OCT4, E-cadherin, and NANOG were progressively upregulated within about 70 µm from the outer rim of iPSC colonies. Single-cell RNA-sequencing demonstrated that OCT4high subsets have pronounced up-regulation of the TGF-β pathway, particularly of NODAL and its inhibitor LEFTY, at the rim of the colonies. Furthermore, calcium-dependent cell-cell interaction seemed to be relevant for the self-organization. After 5 to 7 days, the iPSC colonies detached spontaneously from micro-contact printed substrates to form 3D aggregates. This new method allowed generation of embryoid bodies (EBs) of controlled size, without any enzymatic or mechanical treatment. Within the early 3D aggregates, the radial organization and differential gene expression continued in analogy to the changes observed during self-organization of flat iPSC colonies. Our results provide further insight into the gradual self-organization within iPSC colonies and at their transition into EBs.
2022-08-26 | GSE160665 | GEO