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Transcriptional changes by PARP7 inhibitor in cancer cell lines

ABSTRACT: PARP7 is a monoPARP that catalyzes the transfer of single units of ADP-ribose onto substrates to change their function. PARP7 expression is increased by aromatic hydrocarbons and cellular stress, and the PARP7 gene is amplified in cancers, especially in those of the upper aerodigestive tract. PARP7 is a negative regulator of nucleic acid sensing in tumor cells. Inhibition of PARP7 restores Type I IFN signaling responses to nucleic acids in tumor models. Restored signaling can directly inhibit cell proliferation and activate the immune system, both of which contribute to tumor regression. RBN-2397 is a potent and selective inhibitor of PARP7. To further investigate the mechanism of action of RBN-2397 and identify potential biomarkers we investigated transcriptional changes after RBN-2397 treatment in two PARP7 inhibitor sensitive cell lines, NCI-H1373 and NCI-H647, by RNA sequencing.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE177494 | GEO | 2021/06/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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CRISPRi/a functional screen with PARP7 inhibitor in NCI-H1373 cells

Project description:PARP7 is a monoPARP that catalyzes the transfer of single units of ADP-ribose onto substrates to change their function. PARP7 expression is increased by aromatic hydrocarbons and cellular stress, and the PARP7 gene is amplified in cancers, especially in those of the upper aerodigestive tract. PARP7 is a negative regulator of nucleic acid sensing in tumor cells. Inhibition of PARP7 restores Type I IFN signaling responses to nucleic acids in tumor models. Restored signaling can directly inhibit cell proliferation and activate the immune system, both of which contribute to tumor regression. RBN-2397 is a potent and selective inhibitor of PARP7. To further explore how RBN-2397 inhibits NCI-H1373 cell proliferation, we performed unbiased genetic screens using whole-genome CRISPRi and CRISPRa libraries (le Sage et al., 2017; Jost and Weissman, 2018). Comparison of CRISPRi and CRISPRa phenotype scores highlights genes with opposing functionality upon RBN-2397 treatment.

2021-06-18 | GSE178386 | GEO

Transcriptional changes by RBN-2397 treatment and FRA1 knockdown in NCI-H1975 cells

Project description:PARP7 inhibitors reduce tumor growth in a cell-autonomous manner and by enhancing immune recognition through restoring nucleic acid (NA)-sensing-dependent innate immune signaling. However, the molecular targets of PARP7-mediated ADP-ribosylation, regulating cell survival and innate immune signaling, remained elusive. Here, we identified PARP7 as a nuclear and cysteine-specific mono-ART that ADP-ribosylates proteins critical for regulating gene expression, such as the AP-1 transcription factor FRA1. Upon PARP7 inhibition the loss of FRA1 ADP-ribosylation increased FRA1 degradation in a PSMC3 and proteasomal-dependent manner. To further investigate how FRA1 promotes cell survival, we investigated transcriptional changes after RBN-2397 treatment and FRA1 knockdown in the PARP7 inhibitor sensitive cell line NCI-H1975 by RNA sequencing.

2023-12-06 | GSE229674 | GEO

Effect of RBN-2397, paclitaxel and their combination on ovarian cancer cell biology.

Project description:PARP7 (TiPARP), a mono (ADP-ribosyl) transferase (MART) was found to target α-tubulin proteins in ovarian cancer cells, enhancing their growth and migration. RBN-2397 is a potent inhibitor that selectively acts on PARP7. Here, we show that RBN-2397 treatment leads to the stabilization of microtubules in ovarian cancer cells, namely α-tubulin, mimicking what was previously observed with PARP7 knockdown. When treated with RBN-2397, we observe a decrease in growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells and, interestingly, the effect is intensified upon adding the microtubule stabilizing chemotherapeutic agent, paclitaxel. Mutating the site of α-tubulin MARylation by PARP7 similarly results in α-tubulin stabilization and decreased cell migration in the presence of paclitaxel when the tubulin network is further stabilized. In sum, we demonstrate that PARP7 inhibition decreases α-tubulin MARylation resulting in its stabilization, and ultimately leading to decreased ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration. Finally, we show that combining PARP7 inhibitor and paclitaxel results in a more robust inhibition of aggressive ovarian cancer phenotypes. Collectively, this study highlights the potential of targeting PARP7 in combination with established chemotherapeutic agents to enhance treatment efficacy for ovarian cancer.

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A whole genome CRISPR screen identifies AHR loss as a mechanism of resistance to a PARP7 inhibitor

Project description:Inhibitors directed towards PARP1 and PARP2 are approved agents for the treatment of BRCA-related cancers. Other members of the PARP family have also been implicated in cancer and are being assessed as therapeutic targets in cancer and other diseases. In fact, an inhibitor of PARP7 (RBN-2397) has now reached early-stage human clinical trials. Here, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR screen for genes that modify the response of cells to RBN-2397. We identify the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon receptor AHR and multiple components of the cohesin complex as determinants of resistance to this agent. Activators and inhibitors of AHR modulate the cellular response to PARP7 inhibition, suggesting potential combination therapy approaches.

2022-04-06 | PXD028733 | Pride

PARP7-mediated ADP-ribosylation stabilizes FRA1 and restrains IRF3/IRF1-dependent apoptosis and immune signaling and in cancer cells

Project description:PARP7 inhibitors suppress tumor growth in a cell autonomous manner and by activating the immune system through restoring immune signaling. Nevertheless, the targets of PARP7-mediated ADP-ribosylation that regulate innate immune signaling and cancer cell survival remain elusive. Here, we identified PARP7 as a nuclear and cysteine-specific mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase that modified proteins critical for regulating transcription, such as the AP-1 transcription factor FRA1. Loss of FRA1 ADP-ribosylation via PARP7 inhibition by RBN-2397 or mutation of the ADP-ribosylation site C97 increased FRA1 degradation by PSMC3 and the proteasome. We found that the reduction in FRA1 protein levels promoted IRF3 and IRF1-dependent innate immune signaling and CASP8-mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that high PARP7 expression are critical for inducing apoptosis in FRA1-positive cancer cells using the PARP7 inhibitor. Collectively, our findings highlight the connected roles of PARP7 and FRA1 and emphasize the clinical potential of PARP7 inhibitors for FRA1-driven cancers.

2024-01-26 | PXD041870 | Pride

Transcriptional changes by RBN-2397 treatment and FRA1 knockdown in NCI-H1975 cells

Project description:Transcriptional changes by RBN-2397 treatment and FRA1 knockdown in NCI-H1975 cells

| PRJNA955271 | ENA

CRISPRi/a functional screen with PARP7 inhibitor in NCI-H1373 cells

Project description:CRISPRi/a functional screen with PARP7 inhibitor in NCI-H1373 cells

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TIPARP is involved in the regulation of intraocular pressure

Project description:Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the major risk factor for glaucoma. The molecular mechanism of elevated IOP is unclear, which impedes glaucoma therapy. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-inducible Poly-ADP-ribose Polymerase (TIPARP), a member of the PARP family, catalyses mono-ADP-ribosylation. Here we showed that TIPARP was widely expressed in the cornea, trabecular meshwork, iris, retina, optic nerve, sclera, and choroid of human eyes. The expression of TIPARP was significantly upregulated in the blood and trabecular meshwork of patients with primary open angle glaucoma compared with that of healthy controls. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of genes related to extracellular matrix deposition and cell adhesion was decreased in TIPARP-upregulated human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells. Moreover, western blot analysis showed that collagen types I and IV, fibronectin, and α-SMA were increased in TIPARP downregulated or TIPARP-inhibited HTM cells. In addition, cross-linked actin networks were produced, and vinculin was upregulated in these cells. Subconjunctival injection of the TIPARP inhibitor RBN-2397 increased the IOP in Sprague–Dawley rats. Therefore, we identified TIPARP as a regulator of IOP through modulation of extracellular matrix and cell cytoskeleton proteins in HTM cells. These results indicate that TIPARP is a potential therapeutic target for ocular hypertension and glaucoma.

2022-12-28 | GSE218153 | GEO

Effect of RBN-2397, paclitaxel and their combination on ovarian cancer cell biology.

Project description:Effect of RBN-2397, paclitaxel and their combination on ovarian cancer cell biology.

| PRJNA1119560 | ENA

Chemical genetics and proteome-wide site mapping reveal cysteine MARylation by PARP-7 on immune-relevant protein targets

Project description:Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 7 (PARP7) has emerged as a critically important member of a large enzyme family that catalyze mono-ADP-ribosylation (MARylation) in mammalian cells. Unlike other PARPs, PARP7 is expressed in many different cell types and is upregulated by diverse stimuli, such as toxins, growth factors, steroid hormones, and immunomodulatory ligands. Recent evidence by several independent studies show that PARP7 is a critical regulator of the innate immune response. What remains unclear is the mechanism by which PARP7 regulates this process as well as other cellular processes. This is because the protein targets, and the specific amino acid sites, of PARP7 MARylation are largely unknown. Here, we combine chemical genetics, proximity labeling, and proteome-wide amino acid ADP-ribosylation (ADPr) site profiling for identifying the direct targets and sites of PARP7-mediated MARylation. We found that the inactive PARP family member, PARP13—a critical regulator of the innate antiviral immune response—is a major target of PARP7, and is preferentially MARylated on cysteine residues in its RNA binding zinc finger domain. Proteome-wide MARylation analysis reveals cysteine as a major ADPr acceptor of PARP7. These studies not only provide insight into PARP7 targeting and MARylation site preference, but also serve as an important resource for further understanding PARP7 function in the innate immune response and other pathways.

2021-11-04 | PXD020340 | Pride

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