Estrogen-driven Prolactin-mediated Gene Expression Networks Hormone Induced Prostatic Dysplasia
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus
PROVIDER: GSE17819 | GEO | 2010/05/09
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA120037
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Emerging evidence suggests that estrogen and prolactin (PRL) play a key role in prostate cancer development, yet their relationship and molecular actions in prostate is not well understood. To address this issue, we made the first direct comparison of estrogen and PRL actions in the Noble rat (NBL) prostate dysplasia model. Prostatic dysplasia in lateral prostate (DLP) has been induced by elevated circulating levels of estrogen and PRL in NBL with estrogen (E2)-filled implants, while physiological level of testosterone (T) was maintained with T-filled implants. The effect of estrogen and PRL was studied by using ICI and bromocriptine (Br) as their respective blockers, both can effectively inhibited dysplasia development under T+E2 induction. Transcript expression profile of the four treatment groups (Control, T+E2, T+E2+Br, and T+E2+ICI) has been characterized in this array.
2010-05-09 | E-GEOD-17819 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Prolactin (Prl) is a pleiotropic hormone with multiple functions in several tissues and organs, including the brain. In the hippocampus, Prl has been implicated in several functions, including neuroprotection against excitotoxicity in lactating rats and in Prl-treated ovariectomized animals. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in Prl actions in the hippocampus have not been completely elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyse the hippocampal transcriptome of female Prl-treated ovariectomized rats. Transcriptomic analysis by RNASeq revealed 162 differentially expressed genes throughout 24 h of Prl treatment. Gene Ontology analysis of those genes showed that 37.65% were involved in brain processes that are regulated by the hippocampus, such as learning, memory and behaviour, as well as new processes that we did not foresee, such as glial differentiation, axogenesis, synaptic transmission, postsynaptic potential, and neuronal and glial migration. Immunodetection analysis demonstrated that Prl significantly modified microglial morphology, reduced the expression of Cd11b/c protein, and altered the content and location of the neuronal proteins Tau, Map2 and Syp, which are involved in axogenic and synaptic functions. This novel delineation of Prl activity in the hippocampus highlights its importance as a neuroactive hormone, opens a new avenue for understanding its actions and supports its participation in neuronal plasticity of this brain area.
2019-10-09 | GSE119435 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptional control by gonadal hormone nuclear receptors is the foundation for sex-dependent physiological processes, including pain. Our current findings point to sex-dependent translation control as a new mechanism for sexual dimorphisms in pain. We show that hindpaw or spinal administration of exogenous prolactin (PRL) induces thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia in a female-selective fashion. Unexpectedly, PCR and transcriptomic analysis of hindpaw and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissues reveal no differences in PRL receptor (Prlr) mRNA between sexes. Variance in overall hindpaw and DRG transcriptomes between females and males were minor. We find that Prlr mRNA and protein is mainly expressed by peptidergic nociceptors as shown by profiling using Prlr reporter mice and electrophysiology, but there are far more peptidergic neurons with functional Prlr in females than in males. In line with this, exogenous PRL increased excitability only in female neurons. Moreover, in male DRG neurons, 6-24 hr estrogen exposure establishes PRL sensitivity in Prlr mRNA+ male neurons that do not show PRL responses under other conditions. PRL-induced behavioral hypersensitivity as well as sensitivity to PRL in female DRG neurons can be ablated by treatment with cap-dependent translation inhibitor 4EGI-1. Spinal cord immunohistochemistry of Prlr reporter mice highlight that Prlr protein is only found in female DRG neurons, but Prlr mRNA localizes to central terminals of male and female sensory neurons. Based on these findings, we propose a novel mechanism for sex-dependent regulation Prlr mRNA translation that renders female DRG neurons uniquely responsive to PRL.
2019-03-01 | GSE121645 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptional control by gonadal hormone nuclear receptors is the foundation for sex-dependent physiological processes, including pain. Our current findings point to sex-dependent translation control as a new mechanism for sexual dimorphisms in pain. We show that hindpaw or spinal administration of exogenous prolactin (PRL) induces thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia in a female-selective fashion. Unexpectedly, PCR and transcriptomic analysis of hindpaw and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissues reveal no differences in PRL receptor (Prlr) mRNA between sexes. Variance in overall hindpaw and DRG transcriptomes between females and males were minor. We find that Prlr mRNA and protein is mainly expressed by peptidergic nociceptors as shown by profiling using Prlr reporter mice and electrophysiology, but there are far more peptidergic neurons with functional Prlr in females than in males. In line with this, exogenous PRL increased excitability only in female neurons. Moreover, in male DRG neurons, 6-24 hr estrogen exposure establishes PRL sensitivity in Prlr mRNA+ male neurons that do not show PRL responses under other conditions. PRL-induced behavioral hypersensitivity as well as sensitivity to PRL in female DRG neurons can be ablated by treatment with cap-dependent translation inhibitor 4EGI-1. Spinal cord immunohistochemistry of Prlr reporter mice highlight that Prlr protein is only found in female DRG neurons, but Prlr mRNA localizes to central terminals of male and female sensory neurons. Based on these findings, we propose a novel mechanism for sex-dependent regulation Prlr mRNA translation that renders female DRG neurons uniquely responsive to PRL.
2023-11-17 | GSE161826 | GEO
Project description:Prolactin (PRL) is an important hormone that is secreted by the pituitary gland and plays an important role in the growth, development and reproduction of organisms. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a common prolactin-releasing factor that regulates the synthesis and secretion of prolactin. In recent studies, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play a key role in the regulation of pituitary hormones. However, there is a lack of systematic studies on the regulatory role that TRH plays on the pituitary transcriptome, and the role of miRNAs in the regulation of PRL synthesis and secretion by TRH lacks experimental evidence. In this study, we first investigated the changes in PRL synthesis and secretion in the rat pituitary gland after TRH administration. The results of transcriptomic analysis after TRH treatment showed that 102 genes, including those that encode Nppc, Fgf1, PRL, Cd63, Npw, and Il23a, were upregulated, and 488 genes, including those that encode Lats1, Cacna2d1, Top2a, and Tfap2a, were downregulated. These genes are all involved in the regulation of prolactin expression. The gene expression of miR-126a-5p, which regulates the level of PRL in the pituitary gland, was screened by analysis prediction software and by a dual luciferase reporter system. The data presented in this study demonstrate that TRH can regulate prolactin synthesis and secretion through miR-126a-5p, thereby improving our understanding of the molecular mechanism of TRH-mediated PRL secretion and providing a theoretical basis for the role of miRNAs in regulating the secretion of pituitary hormones.
2024-06-01 | GSE221560 | GEO
Project description:8 independent mammary tumors (4 estrogen receptor alpha positive, 4 estrogen receptor negative by immunohistochemistry) that arose in nonparous NRL-PRL transgenic mice (FVB/N) were examined.
2011-01-15 | E-MEXP-3013 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Pituitary tumours are generally benign. However, many are invasive and some of these are aggressive with high proliferation and recurrence rates. Only metastatic tumours are considered malignant and are rare (0.2%). To identify molecular events associated with the aggressive and malignant phenotypes, we combined a comparative genomic hybridization and transcriptomic analysis of 13 prolactin (PRL) tumours classified as non-invasive (NI; n=5), invasive (I; n=2) or aggressive-invasive (AI; n=6). Each tumour showed copy number alterations which appeared to be varied and discrete in the NI and I tumour groups, and more numerous and extensive in the AI tumour group. Allelic loss within the p arm region of chromosome 11 was detected in five of the AI tumours. This region contains the cytobands 11p15.2, 11p15.1, 11p14.3, 11p14.2, 11p14.1, 11p13, 11p12 and 11p11.2. Furthermore, an allelic loss in the 11q arm was also observed in three of these five tumours, which were considered malignant based on the presence of metastases. The comparison of genomic and transcriptomic data showed that allelic loss impacted upon the expression of genes located in the imbalanced region. An original data filtering strategy allowed us to highlight five genes (DGKZ, CD44, TSG101, GTF2H1 and HTATIP2), within the missing 11p region, potentially responsible for triggering the aggressive and malignant phenotypes of PRL tumours. Our novel combined genomic and transcriptomic analysis underlines the importance of chromosome 11 allelic loss in aggressive and malignant PRL tumours and led us to propose a new strategy to find markers of progression in rare tumours. Transcriptomic analysis of Codelink Human Whole Genome Bioarray was performed for 13 prolactin tumors: 6 aggressive-invasive, 2 invasive, and 5 non-invasive.
2011-03-16 | E-GEOD-22812 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Aim: PROLACTIN (PRL), normally produced by the pituitary gland, acts through its receptor (PRL-R) to initiate a signalling cascade to the genome. PRL can also be produced by cancer cells and become oncogenic by stimulating its receptor following an autocrine or paracrine route. Here we investigated the oncogenic activities of PRL in lung cancer. Results: PRL is ectopically activated in a subset of very aggressive lung tumours, associated with a rapid fatal outcome, in our cohort of 293 lung tumour patients as well as in an external independent series of patients. An investigation of the molecular basis of PRL adverse effects surprisingly showed an absence of PRL-R expression in the vast majority of PRL-expressing lung tumours. Additionally, a detailed analysis of the ectopically expressed PRL transcripts in lung tumours and cell lines revealed systematic alterations of its first exons encoding the signal peptide. Finally, the transcriptomes of two PRL expressing lung cancer cell lines, with or without silencing of PRL, showed that PRL directly or indirectly sustains the expression of a group of genes that are frequently up-regulated in a variety of unrelated cancers. Interestingly, the gene signature repressed by PRL ectopic expression in lung tumour cells is also specifically up-regulated by HDAC inhibitor treatment or HDAC1/2/3 knock-down. Innovation and conclusion: Altogether, this work sheds lights on the poorly understood impact of the recently-shown large-scale out-of-context gene activity in cancer and also suggests that PRL-expressing aggressive lung cancers could be particularly responsive to a HDAC inhibitor-based treatment. Total RNA was extracted from two small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cell lines expressing PRL (H146 and h524: si control) or not (siPRL) and the differentially expressed genes. Five replicates were analysed for each of the four conditions.
2014-08-05 | E-GEOD-49544 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Aim: PROLACTIN (PRL), normally produced by the pituitary gland, acts through its receptor (PRL-R) to initiate a signalling cascade to the genome. PRL can also be produced by cancer cells and become oncogenic by stimulating its receptor following an autocrine or paracrine route. Here we investigated the oncogenic activities of PRL in lung cancer. Results: PRL is ectopically activated in a subset of very aggressive lung tumours, associated with a rapid fatal outcome, in our cohort of 293 lung tumour patients as well as in an external independent series of patients. An investigation of the molecular basis of PRL adverse effects surprisingly showed an absence of PRL-R expression in the vast majority of PRL-expressing lung tumours. Additionally, a detailed analysis of the ectopically expressed PRL transcripts in lung tumours and cell lines revealed systematic alterations of its first exons encoding the signal peptide. Finally, the transcriptomes of two PRL expressing lung cancer cell lines, with or without silencing of PRL, showed that PRL directly or indirectly sustains the expression of a group of genes that are frequently up-regulated in a variety of unrelated cancers. Interestingly, the gene signature repressed by PRL ectopic expression in lung tumour cells is also specifically up-regulated by HDAC inhibitor treatment or HDAC1/2/3 knock-down. Innovation and conclusion: Altogether, this work sheds lights on the poorly understood impact of the recently-shown large-scale out-of-context gene activity in cancer and also suggests that PRL-expressing aggressive lung cancers could be particularly responsive to a HDAC inhibitor-based treatment.
2014-08-05 | GSE49544 | GEO
Project description:Tumor-stromal communication within the microenvironment contributes to initiation of metastasis and may present a therapeutic opportunity. Using serial single cell RNA-sequencing in an orthotopic mouse prostate cancer model, we find upregulation of Prolactin receptor as cancer cells that have disseminated to the lung expand into micrometastases. Secretion of the ligand Prolactin by adjacent lung stromal cells is induced by tumor cell production of the COX-2 synthetic product prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2). PGE-2 treatment of fibroblasts activates the nuclear orphan receptor NR4A (Nur77), with Prolactin as a major transcriptional target for the NR4A-Retinoid X receptor (RXR) heterodimer. Ectopic expression of Prolactin receptor in mouse cancer cells enhances micrometastasis, while treatment with the COX-2 inhibitor Celecoxib abrogates Prolactin secretion by fibroblasts and reduces tumor initiation. Across multiple human cancers, COX-2, Prolactin, and Prolactin receptor show consistent differential expression in tumor and stromal compartments. Such paracrine crosstalk may thus contribute to the documented efficacy of COX-2 inhibitors in cancer suppression.
2019-02-25 | GSE126158 | GEO