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Life without stress protection – consequences of abrogating the heat shock response in S. cerevisiae

ABSTRACT: The response to proteotoxic stresses such as heat shock is an ancient and ubiquitous transcriptional program allowing organisms to maintain protein homeostasis under changing environmental conditions. We depleted or deleted the three stress-specific transcription factors, Hsf1, Msn2 and Msn4, in S. cerevisiae and determined the effects on the transcriptome and proteome. Msn2/4 are responsible for a broad transcriptional reprogramming which includes i. a. the response to oxidative stress as well as biosynthesis of the protective sugar trehalose and glycolysis enzymes. Hsf1 activates the synthesis of molecular chaperones. In the absence of stress protection, thermal stress results in massive protein aggregation including many essential proteins. As a last resort to sustain life this triggers the transcriptomic induction of sporulation likely via the cell wall integrity signaling pathway.

ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae

PROVIDER: GSE179258 | GEO | 2024/01/29

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Exposure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to alkaline pH represents a stress condition that generates a compensatory reaction. Here we examine a possible role of the protein kinase-A (PKA) pathway in this response. The phenotypic analysis reveals that mutations that activate the PKA pathway (ira1 ira2, bcy1) tend to cause sensitivity to alkaline pH, whereas its deactivation develops tolerance to this stress. We observe that alkalinization causes a transient decrease in cAMP, the main regulator of the pathway. Alkaline pH causes rapid nuclear localization of the PKA-regulated Msn2 transcription factor which, together with Msn4, mediates a general stress response by binding to STRE sequences in many promoters. Consequently, a synthetic STRE-LacZ reporter shows a rapid induction in response to alkaline stress. An msn2 msn4 mutant is sensitive to alkaline pH, and transcriptomic analysis reveals that after 10 minutes of alkaline stress, the expression of many induced genes (47%) depends, at least in part, on the presence of Msn2 and Msn4. Taken together, these results demonstrate that inhibition of the PKA pathway by alkaline pH represents a substantial part of the adaptive response to this kind of stress and that this response involves Msn2/Msn4-mediated gene remodeling. However, the relevance of attenuation of PKA in high pH tolerance is not restricted to regulation of Msn2 function. Eight samples were analyzed: WT and the MCY5278 mutant strain, lacking both Msn2 and Msn4, in the presence of 20 mM KOH (pH 8) and in the presence of 20 mM KCl (non-induced conditions) for 10 and 30 min of stress. 2 biological replicates were analyzed for each condition, and dye-swapping was carried out for each comparison of samples. We compared the expression profiles of: 1) WT +KOH vs. WT +KCl after 10 min 2) msn2 msn4 mutant +KOH vs. msn2 msn4 +KCl after 10 min 3)WT +KOH vs. WT +KCl after 30 min 4) msn2 msn4 mutant +KOH vs. msn2 msn4 +KCl after 30 min Total number of chips analyzed: 16.

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Life without stress protection – consequences of abrogating the heat shock response in S. cerevisiae

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