Targeting the IRE1α/XBP1 endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway in ARID1Amutant ovarian cancers
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE180468 | GEO | 2021/08/10
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are key players in intestinal homeostasis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Herein, we used cell culture, novel mouse models, and human specimens to examine if ER stress in ILC3s impacts IBD pathophysiology. We show that mouse intestinal ILC3s exhibited a 24h-rhythmic expression pattern of the master ER stress response regulator, IRE1α-XBP1. Proinflammatory cytokine IL-23 selectively stimulated IRE1α-XBP1 in mouse ILC3s through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). IRE1α-XBP1 was activated in ILC3s of mice exposed to experimental colitis and in inflamed human IBD specimens. Mice with Ire1α deletion in ILC3s (Ire1αΔRorc) showed reduced expression of ER stress response and cytokine genes including Il22 in ILC3s and were highly vulnerable to infections and colitis. Administration of IL-22 counteracted their colitis susceptibility. In human ILC3s, IRE1 inhibitors suppressed cytokine production, which was upregulated by an IRE1 activator. Moreover, the frequencies of intestinal XBP1s+ ILC3s in Crohn’s disease patients before administration of ustekinumab, an anti-IL-12/IL-23 antibody, positively correlated with response to treatment. We demonstrate that a non-canonical mtROS-IRE1α-XBP1 pathway augments cytokine production by ILC3s and identify XBP1+ ILC3s as a potential biomarker for predicting response to anti-IL-23 therapies in IBD. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) have recently emerged as important regulators and potential drug targets for IBD. However, the response of ILC3s to environmental stimuli during intestinal inflammation remains elusive. IRE1a-XBP1 serves as the regulatory hub of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that plays a vital role in intestinal inflammation.
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Project description:ARID1A, encoding a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is the most mutated epigenetic regulator in human cancers. ARID1A and TP53 mutations are typically mutually exclusive. Therapeutic approaches that correlate with ARID1A mutational status remain a challenge. Here, we show that HDAC6 activity is essential in ARID1A-mutated ovarian cancers. Inhibition of HDAC6 activity using a clinically applicable small molecule inhibitor significantly improved the survival of mice bearing ARID1A-mutated ovarian tumors. This correlated with the suppression of growth and dissemination of ARID1A-mutated, but not wild-type, tumors. The dependence on HDAC6 activity in ARID1A-mutated cells correlated with a direct transcriptional repression of HDAC6 by ARID1A. HDAC6 inhibition selectively promoted apoptosis of ARID1A-mutated cells. HDAC6 directly deacetylated the Lysine 120 residue of p53, a pro-apoptotic post-translational modification. Thus, ARID1A mutation inactivates p53’ apoptotic function by upregulating HDAC6. These results indicate that pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 is a novel therapeutic strategy involving ARID1A-mutation
2017-07-14 | GSE84405 | GEO
Project description:The IRE1α-XBP1 arm of the unfolded protein response (UPR) maintains endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, but also controls UPR-independent processes such as cytokine production and lipid metabolism. Yet, the physiological consequences of IRE1α-XBP1 activation in immune cells remain largely unexplored. Here, we report that leukocyte-intrinsic IRE1α-XBP1 signaling drives prostaglandin biosynthesis and pain. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that induction of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2/Cox-2) and prostaglandin E synthase (Ptges/mPGES-1) was compromised in IRE1α-deficient myeloid cells undergoing ER stress or stimulated via pattern recognition receptors. Inducible biosynthesis of prostaglandins, including PGE2, was markedly decreased in myeloid cells lacking IRE1α or XBP1, but not altered in the absence of the two other ER stress sensors PERK and ATF6. Mechanistically, IRE1α-activated XBP1 bound to and directly induced the expression of human PTGS2 and PTGES to enable PGE2 generation. Mice selectively lacking IRE1α-XBP1 in leukocytes, or treated with pharmacological IRE1α inhibitors, failed to induce PGE2 upon challenge with inflammatory stimuli and demonstrated reduced behavioral pain responses in PGE2-dependent models of pain. Our study uncovers an unexpected role for IRE1α-XBP1 as a key mediator of prostaglandin biosynthesis and indicates that targeting this pathway may represent an alternative approach to control pain.
2020-05-16 | GSE131404 | GEO
Project description:IRE1 is an unfolded protein response (UPR) sensor with kinase and endonuclease activity. It plays a central role in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response through unconventional splicing of XBP1 mRNA and regulated IRE1-dependent decay (RIDD), which cleaves RNA at an XBP1-like consensus sequence (CUGCAG) accompanied by a stem-loop structure. MM cells are known to exhibit an elevated level of baseline ER stress, but RIDD activity has not been well studied in this disease. To investigate novel RIDD targets of possible relevance to the survival/proliferation of MM cells we combined in vitro cleavage assay with RNA sequencing. Bioinformatic analysis revealed hundreds of putative IRE1 substrates, 32 of which were chosen for validation. Looking into the secondary structure of IRE1 substrates, we found that the consensus sequences of IRF4, PRDM1, IKZF1, KLF13, NOTCH1, ATR, DICER, RICTOR, CDK12, FAM168B, and CENPF mRNAs were accompanied by a stem-loop structure essential for IRE1-mediated cleavage. We show that mRNA and protein levels corresponding to these targets were attenuated in an IRE1-dependent manner by treatment with ER-stress-inducing agents. Our results demonstrate for the first time that IRE1 is a key regulator of several proteins of importance in MM survival and proliferation.
2022-04-06 | GSE152070 | GEO
Project description:Mutations in myelin protein zero (MPZ) are generally associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1B (CMT1B) disease, one of the most common forms of demyelinating neuropathy. Pathogenesis of some MPZ mutants, such as S63del and R98C, involves protein misfolding and retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of myelinating Schwann cells. To cope with proteotoxic ER-stress, Schwann cells mount an unfolded protein response (UPR) characterized by activation of the PERK, ATF6 and IRE1/XBP1 pathways. Previous studies have reported that targeting PERK pathway can mitigate the neuropathy in CMT1B mice. To unravel the role of the XBP1 pathway in normal myelination and in CMT1B, we generated mouse models of in which XBP1 is deleted specifically in Schwann cells. We observed that whereas XBP1 is dispensable for normal developmental myelination, myelin maintenance and remyelination after injury, the absence of XBP1 dramatically worsens the hypomyelination and the electrophysiological and locomotor parameters in young and adult CMT1B neuropathic animals. RNAseq analysis suggested that XBP1 exerts its adaptive function in large part via the induction of genes involved in misfolded protein degradation. Accordingly, the exacerbation of the neuropathy was accompanied by upregulation of ER-stress pathways and of IRE1-mediated RIDD signaling, suggesting that the activation of XBP1 plays a critical role in limiting mutant proteins toxicity, which cannot be compensated by other stress responses. Schwann cell specific overexpression of spliced XBP1 partially re-established Schwann cell proteostasis and attenuated CMT1B severity in vivo in both the S63del and R98C mouse models. In addition, the pharmacologic selective activation of XBP1 signaling ameliorated myelination in S63del dorsal root ganglia explants.
2024-01-15 | GSE252089 | GEO
Project description:Cancer cells exploit adaptive responses such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to support their survival. ER stress response is mediated in part by the ER-localized transmembrane sensor IRE1α endoribonuclease and its substrate XBP1 to regulate XBP1 target gene expression. However, the mechanism that controls the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway remains poorly understood. CARM1 is an oncogene that is often overexpressed in a number of cancer types including ovarian cancer. Here we report that CARM1 determines ER stress response by controlling the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway. Genome-wide profiling revealed that CARM1 regulates XBP1 target gene expression during ER stress response. CARM1 directly interacts with XBP1. Inhibition of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway was effective in ovarian cancer in a CARM1-dependent manner both in vitro and in vivo in orthotopic and patient-derived xenograft models. In addition, IRE1α inhibitor B-I09 synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade anti-PD1 antibody in an immunocompetent CARM1-expressing ovarian cancer model.
2021-08-11 | GSE157117 | GEO
Project description:Cancer cells exploit adaptive responses such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to support their survival. ER stress response is mediated in part by the ER-localized transmembrane sensor IRE1α endoribonuclease and its substrate XBP1 to regulate XBP1 target gene expression. However, the mechanism that controls the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway remains poorly understood. CARM1 is an oncogene that is often overexpressed in a number of cancer types including ovarian cancer. Here we report that CARM1 determines ER stress response by controlling the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway. Genome-wide profiling revealed that CARM1 regulates XBP1 target gene expression during ER stress response. CARM1 directly interacts with XBP1. Inhibition of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway was effective in ovarian cancer in a CARM1-dependent manner both in vitro and in vivo in orthotopic and patient-derived xenograft models. In addition, IRE1α inhibitor B-I09 synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade anti-PD1 antibody in an immunocompetent CARM1-expressing ovarian cancer model.
2021-08-11 | GSE157116 | GEO
Project description:Homeostatic control mechanisms are essentil to life. One such mechanism, the unfolded protein response (UPR) operates in all eukarytic cells to adjust protein folding capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) according to need. UPR induction in all eurkarytic cells to date involves Ire1 (kinase/endonuclease transmembrane protein) mediated a non-convential splicing of Hac1/XBP1 mRNA, encoding for a potent transcription factor. UPR induction causes a comprehensive transcriptional upregulation of the folding capacity in the ER. Here we studied the global transcriptional profile of the UPR in fission yeast. Fission yeast lacks a clear homolog of Hac1/XBP1. Instead Ire1 maintains ER homeostasis through two post-transciptional programs: selective mRNA decay and processing of Bip1 mRNA (encoding for a major HS70-familiy member in the ER) thereby stabilizing it.
2012-11-21 | GSE40298 | GEO
Project description:Background/Aims: Cholestatic liver diseases (CLD) are the leading indication for pediatric liver transplantation. Increased intrahepatic bile acid concentrations cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated to maintain homeostasis. UPR dysregulation, including the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X-box protein 1 (IRE1α/XBP1) pathway, is associated with several adult liver diseases. We evaluated hepatic UPR expression in pediatric patients with end-stage CLD and hypothesize that an inability to appropriately activate the hepatic IRE1α/XBP1 pathway is associated with the pathogenesis of CLD. Methods: We evaluated 34 human liver explants. Cohorts included: pediatric CLD (Alagille, ALGS, and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, PFIC), pediatric non-cholestatic liver disease controls (autoimmune hepatitis, AIH), adult CLD, and normal controls. We performed RNA-seq, quantitative PCR, and western blotting to measure expression differences of the hepatic UPR and other signaling pathways. Results: Metascape pathway analysis demonstrated that the KEGG ‘protein processing in ER’ pathway was downregulated in pediatric CLD compared to normal controls. Pediatric CLD had decreased hepatic IRE1α/XBP1 pathway gene expression and decreased protein expression of p-IRE1α compared to normal controls. These CLD changes were not disease-specific to ALGS or PFIC. IRE1α/XBP1 pathway gene expression was decreased in pediatric CLD compared to AIH disease controls. Conclusion: Pediatric CLD explants have decreased gene and protein expression of the protective IRE1α/XBP1 pathway and down-regulated KEGG protein processing in the ER pathways. IRE1α/XBP1 pathway expression differences occur when compared to both normal and non-cholestatic disease controls. Attenuated expression of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway is associated with cholestatic diseases and could be targeted to treat pediatric CLD.
2022-06-23 | GSE206364 | GEO
Project description:Tumors evade immune control by creating hostile microenvironments that perturb T cell metabolism and effector function. However, it remains unclear how intratumoral T cells integrate and interpret metabolic stress signals. Here we report that ovarian cancer (OvCa), an aggressive malignancy refractory to standard treatments and current immunotherapies, induces Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress and activation of the IRE1α-XBP1 arm of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR)10,11 in T cells to control their mitochondrial respiration and anti-tumor function. XBP1 upregulation in T cells isolated from human OvCa specimens was associated with decreased intratumoral T cell infiltration and reduced IFNG mRNA expression. Malignant ascites fluid obtained from OvCa patients inhibited glucose uptake and caused N-linked protein glycosylation defects in T cells, leading to IRE1α/XBP1-driven suppression of mitochondrial activity and IFN- production. Mechanistically, XBP1 induction limited the influx of glutamine necessary to sustain T cell mitochondrial respiration under glucose-deprived conditions by regulating the abundance of glutamine carriers. Restoring N-linked protein glycosylation, abrogating IRE1α-XBP1 activation or enforcing expression of glutamine transporters enhanced mitochondrial respiration in human T cells exposed to OvCa ascites. XBP1-deficient T cells in the metastatic OvCa milieu exhibited global transcriptional reprogramming and improved effector capacity. Accordingly, OvCa-bearing mice lacking XBP1 selectively in T cells demonstrated superior anti-tumor immunity, delayed malignant progression and increased overall survival. Therefore, controlling ER stress or targeting IRE1α-XBP1 signaling may help restore T cell metabolic fitness and anti-tumor capacity in cancer hosts.
2018-10-18 | GSE118430 | GEO