Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Hepatitis C virus RNA is 5’ flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) capped

ABSTRACT: RNA viruses have developed elaborate strategies for 5’ capping and protection of their genomes. However, so far no 5’ RNA cap has been identified for Hepatitis C virus (HCV), which cause chronic infection, liver cirrhosis and cancer in humans4. Here, we demonstrate that the cellular metabolite flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is used as noncanonical initiating nucleotide by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase resulting in a 5’ FAD cap on the HCV RNA. FAD capping is completely conserved for the HCV replication intermediate negative RNA strand and partially for the positive RNA strand. The prototype strain J6/JFH1 RNA is FAD capped when isolated from the liver and serum of a human liver chimeric mouse model and in vitro the FAD capping frequency is ~75 %, which is the highest metabolite RNA capping frequency observed. Furthermore, we show that 5’ FAD capping protects RNA from cell-intrinsic innate immune recognition but has limited effect on HCV RNA stability. These results establish capping with cellular metabolites, such as FAD, as a novel viral RNA capping and immune evasion strategy, which potentially could be used by many viruses for protection of their intermediate RNA strands and thereby affect viral treatment outcomes and persistency.

ORGANISM(S): Tick-borne encephalitis virus Bos taurus Hepacivirus hominis Homo sapiens Chikungunya virus Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1-NADL

PROVIDER: GSE180956 | GEO | 2022/07/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Dataset's files

Source:

			Action	DRS
		Other

Items per page:

1 - 1 of 1

Similar Datasets

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase sequence specificities of capsnatching viruses are tailored to aid viral replication

Project description:Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major respiratory pathogen that causes severe illness and mortality worldwide. IAV critically depends on host factors for multiple functions that are not encoded by the viral genome. Notably, the IAV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) complex lacks intrinsic 7-methylguanosine (m7G) capping activity and instead “snatches” the 5’m7G caps and the adjacent 10-15nts of host transcripts to prime viral mRNA production, allowing viral transcripts to be recognized by the host translation machinery. We developed a new approach to simultaneously assay the 5’ ends of host and viral transcripts in infected cells and identify the host capsnatch origins for viral mRNAs. We used this technique to study the progression of IAV infection in nuclear and cytoplasmic compartiments and determined that the RdRP complex has specific sequence preferences that results in preferential capsnatching and avoidance of sub-populations of host RNAs, which can be reverted by the addition of a cap-snatch inhibitor. Notably, genes avoided by CapSnatch Seq have biological functions enriched for mRNA processing, translation, and viral replication. This selectivity and functional enrichment of avoided genes is conserved among capsnatching viruses including Influenza B Virus and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus, despite differences in RdRP domains and subcellular locations of RNA substrates. This suggests that this preference convergently arose as a viral strategy to allow cap-snatching viruses to avoid targeting genes necessary for its own replication.

2017-08-09 | GSE85474 | GEO

miR-122-dependent binding of TNRC6 to HCV RNA

Project description:The liver-specific microRNA, miR-122, is an essential host factor for replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV), an important infectious cause of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. miR-122 stabilizes the positive-strand HCV RNA genome and promotes viral RNA synthesis by binding two closely spaced sites (S1 and S2) near the 5’ end of the genome in association with Ago2. Ago2 is essential for both host factor activities, but whether other host proteins are involved is unknown. Using a quantitative proteomics approach, we identified TNRC6A (GW182) and its paralogs (TNRC6B and TNRC6C), as functionally important components of the miR-122/Ago2 host factor complex binding HCV RNA. Depletion of any two TNRC6 proteins reduced HCV replication in Huh-7.5 cells,but did not reduce viral RNA stability or translational activity, but rather dampened miR-122 stimulation of viral RNA synthesis. However, TNRC6 depletion had no effect on replication of HCV in which S2 was mutated so that miR-122 binds only S1, whereas it significantly enhanced replication when S1 was mutated and only S2 bound by miR-122. Consistent with this, we found that TNRC6 proteins preferentially associate with the S1 site, and that the association of Ago2 with S2 is increased in TNRC6-depleted cells. Collectively, these data suggest a model in which TNRC6 proteins, which are known to interact with Ago2, preferentially direct the miR-122/Ago2 complex to S1 while restricting its association with S2, thereby fine tuning the spatial organization of miR-122/Ago2 complexes bound to the viral RNA.

2019-04-24 | PXD013054 | Pride

Phosphatidic acid features double membrane vesicle formation during Hepatitis C and SARS-CoV-2 infection

Project description:Double membrane vesicles (DMVs) are used as replication organelles by pathogenic RNA viruses such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Viral DMVs are morphologically analogous to DMVs formed during autophagy, and although the proteins required for DMV formation are extensively studied, the lipids driving their biogenesis are largely unknown. Here we show that production of the lipid phosphatidic acid (PA) by acylglycerolphosphate acyltransferase (AGPAT) 1 and 2 in the ER is important for DMV biogenesis in autophagy and viral replication. Using DMVs in HCV-replicating cells as model, we found that AGPATs are recruited to and critically contribute to viral replication in HCV and SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. AGPAT1/2 double knockout impaired HCV and SARS-CoV-2 induced DMV biogenesis as well as formation of autophagosomes. By using correlative light and electron microscopy, we observed the relocalisation of AGPAT proteins to viral DMVs. In addition, an intracellular PA sensor accumulated at DMV formation sites, consistent with elevated levels of PA in fractions of purified DMVs analyzed by lipidomics. Apart from AGPATs, PA is generated by alternative pathways via phosphotidylcholine (PC) and diacylglycerol (DAG). Pharmacological inhibition of these synthesis pathways also impaired HCV and SARS-CoV-2 replication. These data identify PA as an important lipid that is used in seemingly disparate biological processes, i.e. autophagy and replication organelle formation by diverse RNA viruses. In addition, our data argue that host-targeting therapy aiming at PA synthesis pathways might be suitable to control SARS-CoV-2 replication.

2022-01-24 | PXD029692 | Pride

Expression data from primary human hepatocyte oxygenated co-cultures infected by HCV and human liver biopsies from HCV patients.

Project description:Viruses lack the basic machinery needed to replicate and therefore must hijack host metabolism to propagate. Virus-induced metabolic alterations have yet to be systematically studied in the context of the host transcriptional regulation, offering insight into host-pathogen metabolic interplay. In this work we identified Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-responsive regulators by coupling system-wide metabolic flux analysis with targeted perturbation of nuclear receptors in primary human hepatocytes. We find HCV-induced up-regulation of glycolysis, ketogenesis and drug metabolism, controlled by activation of HNF4α, PPARα, FXR and PXR, respectively. Pharmaceutical inhibition of HNF4α reversed HCV-induced glycolysis, blocking viral replication while increasing apoptosis in infected cells showing a viral-induced dependence on glycolysis. In contrast, pharmaceutical inhibition of PPARα or FXR reversed HCV-induced ketogenesis, but increased viral replication demonstrating a unique host anti-viral response. Our results show that viral-induced changes to host metabolism can be detrimental to its lifecycle demonstrating a distinct biological complexity. In this dataset, we include the expression data obtained from primary human hepatocyte oxygenated co-cultures infected or not infected by HCV and human sanp frozen liver biopsys from HCV patients at earley stages.

2016-10-07 | GSE84587 | GEO

RNA-protein interactome reveals essential roles of RPL5 and RNA helicase A in mediating translation from the Hepatitis E virus internal ribosome entry site-like element

Project description:Multiple processes exist in a cell to ensure continuousproduction of essential proteins either through cap-dependent or cap-independent translation processes. Viruses depend on the host translation machinery for viral protein synthesis. Therefore, viruses have evolved clever strategies to utilize the host translation machinery. Earlier studies have shown that genotype1 hepatitis E virus (g1-HEV) utilizes both cap-dependent and cap-independent translation machineries for its replication and proliferation. Cap-independent translation in g1-HEV is driven by an eighty seven nucleotide-long RNA element which acts as a noncanonical, internal ribosome entry site like (IRESl) element. Here, we have identified the RNA-protein interactome of the HEV IRESl element and characterized the functional significance of some of its components. Our study reveals indispensable roles of host ribosomal proteinRPL5 and DHX9 (RNA helicase A) in mediating efficient translation from the IRESlelement and establish the function of HEV IRESl as a bonafide internal ribosome entry site.

2023-06-25 | PXD031009 | Pride

Hepatitis C-like viruses are produced in cells from rabbit and hare DNA

Project description:Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major causative agent of acute and chronic liver disease, belongs to the Flaviviridæ family and contains a single-strand positive-sense RNA genome, which upon virus entry and uncoating, functions as mRNAs and thus can be directly translated into proteins by host cell machinery. To date the HCV origin remains unclear and HCV life cycle and pathogenesis are not enlightened processes due to the absence of HCV efficient cell cultures systems or animals models. Here we show that rabbit and hare HCV-like viruses, RHCV and HHCV respectively, are formed after the inoculation of genomic DNA in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cell line cultures. RHCV is closely related to the HCV-1a/HCV-1b genotypes and HHCV is more closely related to the HCV-1b genotype. These findings could contribute to the understanding of HCV origin as well as clarify the virus life cycle, pathogenesis, evolution and diversity.

2016-01-21 | PXD001992 | Pride

HUMAN-VIRUS CHIMERIC PROTEINS GENERATED DURING INFECTION

Project description:RNA viruses are a major threat to global human health. The life cycles of many highly pathogenic RNA viruses like influenza A virus (IAV) and Lassa virus depends on host mRNA, as viral polymerases cleave 5′m7G-capped host transcripts to prime viral mRNA synthesis (‘cap-snatching’). We hypothesized that start codons within cap-snatched host transcripts could drive the expression of chimeric human-viral coding sequences. Here, we report the existence of this mechanism of gene origination (‘start-snatching’), which creates, depending on the translatability of the viral UTRs, human-virus protein chimeras either as N-terminally extended viral proteins or entirely novel polypeptides by genetic overprinting. We show that both types of chimeric proteins are made in IAV-infected cells, can generate T cell responses and contribute to virulence. Our results indicate that IAV, and likely a multitude of other human-, animal- and plant-viruses, use this host-dependent mechanism to expand their proteome diversity during infection.

2020-05-15 | GSE148245 | GEO

Identification of Host-derived Circular RNAs that Display Pro- and Anti-Viral Activities in Flavivirus-Infected Cells

Project description:Viruses subvert macromolecular pathways in the infected host to aid in viral gene amplification or to counteract innate immune responses. Recently, roles for host-encoded non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs, have been found to encode pro- and anti-viral functions. One class of non-coding RNAs are circular RNAs that are generated by a nuclear back-splicing mechanism of pre-mRNAs. This study examines the circular RNA landscape in uninfected and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected liver cells. Results showed that the abundances of distinct classes of circular RNAs were up-regulated or down-regulated in infected cells. Identified circular RNAs displayed both pro- and anti-viral effects.

2020-07-16 | GSE143300 | GEO

High throughput profiling of microRNAs (miRNAs) in HCV-infected hepatocyte-like cells

Project description:Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced chronic liver disease is one of the leading causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC development following chronic HCV infection remain poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in cellular homeostasis within the liver and deregulation of the miRNome has been associated with liver disease including HCC. While host miRNAs are essential for HCV replication, viral infection in turn appears to induce alterations of intrahepatic miRNA networks. Although the cross-talk between HCV and liver cell miRNAs most likely contributes to liver disease pathogenesis, the functional involvement of miRNAs in HCV-driven hepatocyte injury and HCC remains elusive. Here, we combined a hepatocyte-like based model system, high-throughput small RNA-sequencing, computational analysis and functional studies to investigate HCV-miRNA interactions that may contribute to liver disease and HCC. Profiling analyses indicated that HCV infection differentially regulated the expression of 72 miRNAs by at least two-fold including miRNAs that were previously described to target genes associated with inflammation, fibrosis and cancer development. Further investigation demonstrated that miR-146a-5p was consistently increased in HCV-infected hepatocyte-like cells and primary human hepatocytes as well as in liver tissues from HCV-infected patients. Genome-wide microarray and computational analyses indicated that miR-146a-5p over-expression is related to liver disease and HCC development. Furthermore, we showed that miR-146a-5p positively impacts on late steps of the viral replication cycle thereby increasing HCV infection. Collectively, our data indicate that the HCV-induced increase in miR-146a-5p expression both promotes viral infection and is relevant for pathogenesis of liver disease.

2016-05-09 | GSE74014 | GEO

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E elevates steady-state m7G capping of coding and noncoding transcripts

Project description:Methyl-7-guanosine (m7G) “capping” of coding and some noncoding RNAs is critical for their maturation and subsequent activity. Here, we discovered that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E(eIF4E), itself a cap-binding protein, drives the expression of the capping machinery and the increased capping efficiency of ∼100 coding and noncoding RNAs. This dataset collects transcriptomic data for quantitative cap immunoprecipitation (CapIP) assay in eIF4E-Flag or vector stable U2Os cells.

2020-09-30 | GSE158728 | GEO

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data