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RNA-seq and Ribo-Seq of human iPSC-ECs treated with DMSO or sunitinib for 24 hours

ABSTRACT: Sunitinib is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that is widely used for treatment of various types of cancer. Vascular toxicity represents a debilitating side-effect of sunitinib which impends its application in some patients. Study of sunitinib has been primarily focused on transcriptional control, and there is an important gap in our understanding of its impact on translation. To interrogate the role of mRNA translation in mediating the effect of sunitinib on endothelial cells (ECs) we performed ribosome footprinting.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE181278 | GEO | 2024/08/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Enhanced YB1/EphA2 axis signaling promotes acquired resistance to sunitinib and metastatic potential of renal cell carcinoma

Project description:VHL mutations are the most common tumorigenic lesions in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and result in continued activation of the HIF/VEGF pathway and uncontrolled cancer progression. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors such as sunitinib have been demonstrated to target tumorigenic signaling pathways, delay tumor progression and improve patient prognosis in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Although several mechanisms of sunitinib resistance have been reported, the solutions to overcome this resistance remain still unclear. In our study, we found that increased expression of YB1 (Y box binding protein 1, a multidrug resistance associated protein) and EphA2 (a member of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptors, belonging to the RTK family) mediated sunitinib resistance and mRCC exhibited a large phenotypic dependence on YB1 and EphA2. In addition, our findings confirm that YB1 promotes the invasion, metastasis and sunitinib resistance of ccRCC by regulating the EphA2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of EphA2 through the small molecule inhibitor ALW-II-41-27 reduced the proliferation of sunitinib-resistant tumor cells and suppressed tumor growth in vivo and restored the sensitivity of sunitinib-resistant tumor cells to sunitinib in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, YB1 increases the protein levels of EphA2 by maintaining the protein stabilization of EphA2 through inhibiting the proteasomal degradation pathway. Collectively, our findings provide the theoretical rationale that ccRCC metastasis and RTK-directed therapeutic resistance could be prospectively and purposefully targeted.

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RNA-seq and Ribo-Seq of human iPSC-ECs treated with DMSO or sunitinib for 24 hours

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Sunitinib treatment exacerbates intratumoral heterogeneity in metastatic renal cancer

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Sunitinib treatment exacerbates intratumoral heterogeneity in metastatic renal cancer (CGH)

Project description:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of VEGF targeted therapy (sunitinib) on intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) in metastatic clear cell renal cancer (mRCC). To explore ITH in detail, multiple tumor samples were taken from the primary renal tumors of mRCC patients who were sunitinib treated (n=23) or untreated (n=23). ITH of pathological grade, DNA (using array-based comparative genomic hybridisation), RNA (Illumina Beadarray) and protein (reverse phase protein array) were evaluated. Tumor grade heterogeneity was greater in treated compared to untreated tumors (P=0.002). Unsupervised and supervised analysis, for renal cancer driver, hypoxia and stromal gene signatures, was then performed. In untreated patient tumor samples, significant ITH occurred in chromosomal aberrations, RNA and protein expression, with clustering of DNA and RNA correlating for individual patients. In unsupervised analysis sunitinib therapy was not associated with increased ITH in DNA or RNA. However there was an increase in ITH for the driver mutation and hypoxia gene signatures (DNA and RNA) as well as increasing variability of protein expression with treatment (p<0.05). Despite this variability, significant chromosomal and RNA changes to targets of sunitinib, such as VHL, PBRM1 and CAIX, occurred in the treated samples. Together these findings suggest that sunitinib treatment has significant effects on the expression and ITH of key tumor and treatment specific genes. The results do not support the hypothesis that resistant clones are selected and predominate after initiation of targeted therapy; instead it appears that an initial clonal diversification occurs, supporting the hypothesis of polyclonal drug resistance.

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Sunitinib treatment exacerbates intratumoral heterogeneity in metastatic renal cancer (CGH)

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