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Project description:Chromosomal imbalances are implicated in the etiology of developmental delay (DD) and congenital malformation (CM). We therefore conducted high resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) of sixty three Saudi patients [11 by Agilent-001850/CGH1x244A and 52 by Agilent-014693/CGH2x400k] for investigating and understanding the genetic heterogeneity underlying DD/CM. A total of 76 disease associated copy number variants (CNVs) were detected in twenty four patients including 1p36, 1q21, 3p23, 6p24, 7q11, 8q24, 9q33, 10p14, 11p15, 11q12, 11q24, 13q21, 15q13, 16p13, 18q23, trisomy 18, 20q11, 21q22, 22q11.21, 47,XXY and 45,X0. The diagnosis rate of array CGH was 2.6 times higher than karyotyping.
2021-08-13 | GSE182081 | GEO
Project description:Chromosomal imbalances are implicated in the etiology of developmental delay (DD) and congenital malformation (CM). We therefore conducted high resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) of sixty three Saudi patients [11 by Agilent-001850/CGH1x244A and 52 by Agilent-014693/CGH2x400k] for investigating and understanding the genetic heterogeneity underlying DD/CM. A total of 76 disease associated copy number variants (CNVs) were detected in twenty four patients including 1p36, 1q21, 3p23, 6p24, 7q11, 8q24, 9q33, 10p14, 11p15, 11q12, 11q24, 13q21, 15q13, 16p13, 18q23, trisomy 18, 20q11, 21q22, 22q11.21, 47,XXY and 45,X0. The diagnosis rate of array CGH was 2.4 times higher than karyotyping.
2021-08-13 | GSE181995 | GEO
Project description:Application of Array CGH technique for the clinical diagnosis of developmental delay and congenital malformations in Saudi Arabia
| PRJNA754451 | ENA
Project description:Application of Array CGH technique for the clinical diagnosis of developmental delay and congenital malformations in Saudi Arabia [244k]
| PRJNA754156 | ENA
Project description:Application of Array CGH technique for the clinical diagnosis of developmental delay and congenital malformations in Saudi Arabia [400k]
| PRJNA754450 | ENA
Project description:Recent developments in molecular cytogenetics allow the detection of genomic rearrangements at an unprecedented level leading to discoveries of previously unknown chromosomal imbalances (zygotic and post-zygotic/mosaic). These can be accompanied by a different kind of pathological genome variations, i.e. chromosome instability (CIN) manifested as structural chromosomal rearrangements and low-level mosaic aneuploidy. Fortunately, combining whole-genome and single-cell molecular cytogenetic techniques with bioinformatics offers an opportunity to link genomic changes to specific molecular or cellular pathology. High-resolution chromosomal SNP microarray analysis was performed to study the genome of a 15-month-aged boy presented with developmental delay, congenital malformations, feeding problems, deafness, epileptiform activity, and eye pathology. In addition, somatic chromosomal mutations (CIN) were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Interstitial 5p13.3p13.2 duplication was revealed in the index patient. Moreover, CIN manifested almost exclusively as chromosome losses and gains (aneuploidy) was detected. Using bioinformatic analysis of SNP array data and FISH results, CIN association with the genomic imbalance resulted from the duplication was proposed. The duplication was demonstrated to encompass genes implicated in cell cycle, programmed cell death, chromosome segregation and genome stability maintenance pathways as shown by an interactomic analysis. Genotype-phenotype correlations were observed, as well. To the best our knowledge, identical duplications have not been reported in the available literature. Apart from genotype-phenotype correlations, it was possible to propose a link between the duplication and CIN (aneuploidy). This case study demonstrates that combining SNP array genomic analysis, bioinformatics and molecular cytogenetic evaluation of somatic genome variations is able to provide a view on cellular and molecular pathology in a personalized manner. Therefore, one can speculate that similar approaches targeting both interindividual and intercellular genomic variations could be useful for a better understanding of disease mechanisms and disease-related biological processes.
| S-EPMC4628017 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mutations in more than a hundred genes have been reported to cause X-linked recessive intellectual disability (ID) mainly in males. In contrast, the number of identified X-linked genes in which de novo mutations specifically cause ID in females is limited. Here, we report 17 females with de novo loss-of-function mutations in USP9X, encoding a highly conserved deubiquitinating enzyme. The females in our study have a specific phenotype that includes ID/developmental delay (DD), characteristic facial features, short stature, and distinct congenital malformations comprising choanal atresia, anal abnormalities, post-axial polydactyly, heart defects, hypomastia, cleft palate/bifid uvula, progressive scoliosis, and structural brain abnormalities. Four females from our cohort were identified by targeted genetic testing because their phenotype was suggestive for USP9X mutations. In several females, pigment changes along Blaschko lines and body asymmetry were observed, which is probably related to differential (escape from) X-inactivation between tissues. Expression studies on both mRNA and protein level in affected-female-derived fibroblasts showed significant reduction of USP9X level, confirming the loss-of-function effect of the identified mutations. Given that some features of affected females are also reported in known ciliopathy syndromes, we examined the role of USP9X in the primary cilium and found that endogenous USP9X localizes along the length of the ciliary axoneme, indicating that its loss of function could indeed disrupt cilium-regulated processes. Absence of dysregulated ciliary parameters in affected female-derived fibroblasts, however, points toward spatiotemporal specificity of ciliary USP9X (dys-)function.
| S-EPMC4746365 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objective: To investigate the differential expression of genes in whole transcripts of congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) using second-generation sequencing (also known as next-generation sequencing, NGS) technology. Methods: Children with CPAM were strictly screened after setting the criteria, and grouped by taking CPAM parietal tissue and CPAM lesion tissue respectively, and RNA-Seq libraries were established separately using second-generation sequencing technology, followed by differential expression analysis and GO (gene ontology) functional enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway analysis and GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis) analysis. Results: Five cases were screened from 36 children with CPAM, and high-throughput sequencing was performed to obtain 10 whole transcripts of samples with acceptable sequence quality and balanced gene coverage. One aberrantly expressed sample was found by analysis of principal components, which was excluded and then subjected to differential expression analysis, and 860 up-regulated genes and 203 down-regulated genes. GO functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes demonstrates the functional class and cellular localization of target genes. Conclusion: The whole transcript of CPAM shows obvious gene up- and down-regulation, differentially expressed genes are located in specific cells and belong to different functional categories, and NGS can provide an effective means to study the transcriptional regulation of CPAM from the overall transcriptional level.
2022-12-07 | GSE190620 | GEO
Project description:BACKGROUND: Array-CGH is considered as the first-tier investigation used to identify copy number variations. Right now, there is no available data about the genetic etiology of patients with development delay/intellectual disability and congenital malformation in East Africa. METHODS: Array comparative genomic hybridization was performed in 50 Rwandan patients with development delay/intellectual disability and multiple congenital abnormalities, using the Agilent's 180 K microarray platform. RESULTS: Fourteen patients (28%) had a global development delay whereas 36 (72%) patients presented intellectual disability. All patients presented multiple congenital abnormalities. Clinically significant copy number variations were found in 13 patients (26%). Size of CNVs ranged from 0,9 Mb to 34 Mb. Six patients had CNVs associated with known syndromes, whereas 7 patients presented rare genomic imbalances. CONCLUSION: This study showed that CNVs are present in African population and show the importance to implement genetic testing in East-African countries.
| S-EPMC4123504 | biostudies-literature
Project description:As technology improves and becomes more widely accessible, more subclinical congenital malformations are being detected. Using a cohort of 1,780,156 pregnant women and their offspring nested in the 2000-2013 US Medicaid Analytic eXtract, we contrasted time trends in malformations which do not necessarily present with overt clinical symptoms early in life and are more likely to be diagnosed via imaging (secundum atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary artery anomalies, pulmonary valve stenosis, hydrocephalus) with trends in malformations that are unlikely to escape clinical diagnosis (tetralogy of Fallot, coarctation of the aorta, transposition of the great vessels, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, oral cleft, abdominal wall defect). Logistic regression was used to account for trends in risk factors while assessing the impact of increased screening intensity. Prevalence of the diagnosis of secundum atrial septal defect rose from 2.3‰ in 2000-2001 to 7.5‰ in 2012-2013, of patent ductus arteriosus from 1.9‰ to 4.1‰, and of ventricular septal defect from 3.6‰ to 4.5‰. Trends were not explained by changes in the prevalence of risk factors but were attenuated when accounting for screening tests. The other malformations showed no temporal trends. Findings suggest that increased screening partially explains the observed increase in diagnosis of milder cases of select common malformations.
| S-EPMC6825822 | biostudies-literature