Single cell RNA sequecing of Gene epxressions and TCR clones in late-onset EAE
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE182747 | GEO | 2024/08/25
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Disease activity of autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is temporarily suppressed by pregnancy. However, whether disease amelioration is due to non-specific immunomodulation or mediated by antigen-specific regulation of disease-causing conventional T cells (Tcon) and immuno- suppressive regulatory T cells (Treg), remains elusive. In the present study, we systematically analyzed changes of the T cell receptor (TCR) β repertoire driven by EAE and pregnancy using TCR sequencing. We demonstrate that EAE, but not pregnancy, robustly increased TCR repertoire clonality in both peripheral Tcon and Treg. Notably, pregnancy was required for the expansion of Treg harboring the dominant EAE-associated TRBV chain 13.2 and increased the frequency of EAE-associated clonotypes within the Treg compartment. Our findings indicate that pregnancy supports the expansion of Treg clonotypes that are equipped to recognize EAE- associated antigens. These Treg are thereby particularly suited to control corresponding encephalitogenic Tcon responses and likely contribute to pregnancy-associated protection in autoimmunity.
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Project description:single cell RNA sequecing of Gene epxressions and TCR clones in late-onset EAE
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Project description:Genome-wide association studies identifying hundreds of susceptibility loci for autoimmune diseases indicate that genes active in immune cells predominantly mediate risk. Identification and functional characterization of causal variants remains challenging. Here, we focused on the immunomodulatory role of a protective variant in HDAC7 (rs148755202, HDAC7.p.R166H), identified in a study of low-frequency coding variation in multiple sclerosis (MS). Through transcriptomic analysis, we demonstrate that HDAC7 regulates genes essential for the function of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), an immunosuppressive subset of CD4 T cells that is dysfunctional in patients with MS. Moreover, Treg cell-specific conditional hemizygous deletion of HDAC7 increases severity of experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. Strikingly, Tregs transduced with the protective HDAC7 R166H variant exhibit higher suppressive capacity in an in vitro functional assay, mirroring functional defects previously observed in patients. In vivo modelling of the human HDAC7 R166H variant, by generation of a knock-in mouse model bearing the orthologous R150H substitution, showed decreased EAE severity linked to transcriptomic alterations of brain infiltrating Tregs as assessed by single cell RNA-seq. Our data suggest that dysregulation of epigenetic modifiers, a novel molecular class associated with disease risk, can influence disease onset. Finally, our approach provides a template for translation of genetic susceptibility loci to detailed functional characterization, using human in vitro and mouse in vivo modelling.
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