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Computational Repurposing of Bumetanide for Preventing or Treating Alzheimer’s Disease [AT01_J20_apoEKI_Bumex_snRNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: The evident genetic, pathological, and clinical heterogeneity of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) poses challenges for traditional drug development. We conducted a computational drug repurposing screen for drugs to treat apolipoprotein (apo) E4-related AD. We first established apoE-genotype-dependent transcriptomic signatures of AD by analyzing publicly-available human brain database. We then queried these signatures against the Connectivity Map database containing transcriptomic perturbations of >1300 drugs to identify those that best reverse apoE-genotype-specific AD signatures. Bumetanide was identified as a top drug for apoE4 AD. Bumetanide treatment of apoE4 mice without or with Ab accumulation rescued electrophysiological, pathological, or cognitive deficits. Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing revealed transcriptomic reversal of AD signatures in specific cell types in these mice, a finding confirmed in apoE4-iPSC-derived neurons. In humans, bumetanide exposure was associated with a significantly lower AD prevalence in individuals over the age of 65 in two EHR databases, suggesting effectiveness of bumetanide in preventing AD.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE182764 | GEO | 2021/10/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Cerebrovascular dysfunction is a hallmark feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). One of the greatest risk factor for AD is the apolipoprotein E4 (E4) allele. APOE4 genotype has been shown to negatively impact on perivascular amyloid clearance, however, its direct influence along with the other APOE variants (APOE2 and APOE3) on the molecular integrity of the cerebrovasculature has not been largely explored. To address this, we employed a 10-plex tandem isobaric mass tag approach in combination with an ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography MS/MS (Q-Exactive) method, to interrogate unbiased proteomic changes in cerebrovessels from AD and healthy control brains on different APOE genotype backgrounds. We first interrogated changes between healthy control homozygote E2/E2, E3/E3 and E4/E4 cases to identify underlying genotype specific effects on cerebrovessels. EIF2 signaling, regulation of eIF4 and 70S6K signaling and mTOR signaling were the top significantly altered pathways in E4/E4 compared to E3/E3 cases. EIF2, nitric oxide and sirtuin signaling pathways were the top significantly altered pathways in E4/E4 compared to E2/E2 cases. We used a Two-way ANOVA analysis to identify AD-dependent changes and their interactions with APOE genotype. The highest number of significantly regulated proteins from this interaction was observed in E3/E4 (192) and E4/E4 (189) cases. As above, EIF2, mTOR signaling and eIF4 and 70S6K signaling were the top three significantly altered pathways in E4 allele carriers (i.e. E3/E4 and E4/E4 genotypes). Of all the cerebrovascular cell specific markers identified in our proteomic analyses, endothelial cell, astrocyte, and smooth muscle cell specific protein markers were significantly altered in E4/E4 cases, while endothelial cells and astrocyte specific protein markers were altered in E3/E4 cases. These proteomic changes provide novel insights to explain the longstanding link between APOE4 and cerebrovascular dysfunction. The early and converging APOE4 dependent changes we identified could provide novel targets in the cerebrovasculature for developing disease modifying strategies to mitigate the effects of APOE4 genotype on increasing the risk for, and the path towards AD pathogenesis.

Dataset Information

Computational Repurposing of Bumetanide for Preventing or Treating Alzheimer’s Disease [AT01_J20_apoEKI_Bumex_snRNA-seq]

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