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Transcriptome analysis of apple peel samples at different time points in the process of changing from green to red under light conditions after unbagging

ABSTRACT: Purpose:The red coloration of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) is due to the accumulation of anthocyanins in the fruit peel. Light is essential for anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple.Apple peel can quickly turn red under light conditions after unbagging. Therefore, the implementation of transcriptome sequencing to find genes that promote anthocyanin accumulation in response to light signals is necessary to clarify the mechanism of light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in apple peel.

ORGANISM(S): Malus domestica

PROVIDER: GSE185089 | GEO | 2021/10/02

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Decoding altitude – activated regulatory mechanisms underlining apple peel coloration and ripening

Project description:Apple (Malus domestica Borkh) is an important fruit crop cultivated in a broad range of environmental conditions. Apple fruit, and specifically peel tissue, ripening is a physiological process whose molecular regulatory networks response to different environments are still not sufficiently investigated. In this study, the influence of low (20 m) and high (750 m) altitude environmental conditions in peel tissue was assessed by physiological measurements combined with global metabolite and protein expression profiling during apple fruit development and ripening. Although apple fruit ripening was unaffected by the different environmental conditions, however several key color parameters, such as redness and the color percentage index, were induced by high altitude. Consistent with this, increased level of anthocyanin and other phenolic compounds, including cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and chlorogenic acid were identified in apple peel at high altitude. Also, high altitude environment, particularly, at the ripening period, up-accumulated various carbohydrates (eg., arabinose, xylose and sucrose) while repressed glutamic acid and several related proteins such as glycine hydroxymethyltransferase and glutamate–glyoxylate aminotransferase. Other processes affected by high altitude concerned the TCA cycle, the synthesis of oxidative/defense enzymes, and the accumulation of photosynthetic proteins. Finally, we constructed a metabolite-protein network depicting the impact of altitude on peel ripening. These data provide insights into physiological processes linked to apple peel ripening across different climatic conditions and will assist in efforts to improve apple fruit appeal and quality.

2021-09-08 | PXD017037 | Pride

Decoding altitude �� activated regulatory mechanisms underlining apple peel coloration and ripening

Project description:Apple (Malus domestica Borkh) is an important fruit crop cultivated in a broad range of environmental conditions. Apple fruit, and specifically peel tissue, ripening is a physiological process whose molecular regulatory networks response to different environments are still not sufficiently investigated. In this study, the influence of low (20 m) and high (750 m) altitude environmental conditions in peel tissue was assessed by physiological measurements combined with global metabolite and protein expression profiling during apple fruit development and ripening. Although apple fruit ripening was unaffected by the different environmental conditions, however several key color parameters, such as redness and the color percentage index, were induced by high altitude. Consistent with this, increased level of anthocyanin and other phenolic compounds, including cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and chlorogenic acid were identified in apple peel at high altitude. Also, high altitude environment, particularly, at the ripening period, up-accumulated various carbohydrates (eg., arabinose, xylose and sucrose) while repressed glutamic acid and several related proteins such as glycine hydroxymethyltransferase and glutamate��glyoxylate aminotransferase. Other processes affected by high altitude concerned the TCA cycle, the synthesis of oxidative/defense enzymes, and the accumulation of photosynthetic proteins. Finally, we constructed a metabolite-protein network depicting the impact of altitude on peel ripening. These data provide insights into physiological processes linked to apple peel ripening across different climatic conditions and will assist in efforts to improve apple fruit appeal and quality.

2021-11-25 | PXD017057 | Pride

Unveiling the molecular mechanism involving anthocyanins in pineapple peel discoloration during fruit maturation

Project description:Peel color is a key factor that affects the fruit’s aesthetic and economic values. In Red Sugar pineapple, the peels’ red color reduces during maturation. Limited knowledge is available on the regulation of pineapple peel discoloration, which makes it important to study the molecular mechanisms associated with this important trait. Here, we report that a decrease in anthocyanin biosynthesis is predominantly associated with the pineapple peel color change during maturation. Particularly the exclusive accumulation of cyanidin in 60 days after flowering (DAF) as compared to 120 DAF gives the fruit peel its distinct reddish color. Our findings suggest that the changes in the expression of key structural genes (early and late biosynthetic genes) of the anthocyanin (cyanidin) biosynthesis pathway are responsible for peel discoloration. Based on a gene co-expression analysis and a transient expression, we identified two transcription factors i.e., AcHOX21 and AcMYB12, and showed that their downregulation leads to the reduced anthocyanin accumulation with fruit maturation.

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Transcriptional profiling of Granny Smith apple peel (Malus x domestica Borkh) at harvest between contrasted years for scald incidence

Project description:Granny Smith apples (Malus x domestica Borkh) were harvested at early physiological mature stage in 2014, 2015 and 2017 and phenotyped for scald incidence after long time cold storage. Differential analyses were set-up for peel samples collected at harvest between fruit batches with low or high scald incidence.

2020-04-20 | GSE135863 | GEO

Apple Atlas expression array

Project description:Transcriptional profiling of various apple (Malus x domestica Borkh) organ systems using probes complementary to both sense and anti-sense transcripts. Eight apple organs/samples. Biological replicates: 2 for each sample, independently grown and harvested.

2014-06-04 | E-GEOD-42873 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Apple Atlas expression array

Project description:Transcriptional profiling of various apple (Malus x domestica Borkh) organ systems using probes complementary to both sense and anti-sense transcripts.

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Project description:Closed terminal buds of apple trees (Malus x domestica Borkh, Royal Gala and Castel Gala varieties) grown in commercial orchards were harvested during autumn and winter and exposed to cold treatments

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microRNA172 targets APETALA2 to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis

Project description:MicroRNA172 (miR172) plays a role in regulating a diverse range of plant developmental processes. However, its role in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis is unclear. In this study, we show that transgenic apple plants over-expressing miR172 show a reduction in red colouration and anthocyanin accumulation in multiple tissue types. This reduction was consistent with decreased expression of APETALA2 homolog MdAP2_1a (a miR172 target gene), MdMYB10, and targets of MdMYB10, as demonstrated by both RNA-seq and RT-PCR analyses. During the onset of anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple fruit skin, miR172 transcript abundance was negatively correlated and MdAP2_1a mRNA concentration was positively correlated with fruit skin red-colouration. The positive role of MdAP2_1a in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis was supported by the enhanced petal anthocyanin accumulation in transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing MdAP2_1a, and by the reduction in anthocyanin accumulation in apple and cherry fruits transfected with an MdAP2_1a virus-induced-gene-silencing construct. We demonstrated that MdAP2_1a could bind directly to the promoter and protein sequences of MdMYB10 in yeast and tobacco, and enhance MdMYB10 promotor activity. In Arabidopsis, over-expression of miR172 reduced anthocyanin concentration and RNA transcript abundance of anthocyanin genes in plantlets cultured on medium containing 7% sucrose. The anthocyanin content and RNA abundance of anthocyanin genes could be partially restored by using a synonymous mutant of MdAP2_1a, which had lost the miR172 target sequences at mRNA level, but not restored by using a WT MdAP2_1a. These results indicate that miR172 inhibits anthocyanin biosynthesis through suppressing the expression of an AP2 transcription factor that positively regulates MdMYB10.

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Project description:Granny Smith apples (Malus x domestica Borkh) grown in commercial orchards were harvested at physiological mature stage and maintained 6 months in cold storage with or without 1-MCP post-harvest treatment, and with or without enriched ozone atmosphere.

2020-03-09 | GSE133456 | GEO

Transcriptome Analysis of Differential Genes Related to Anthocyanin Synthesis in Red and Green Walnut

Project description:We report the application of high-throughput analysis of genes related to anthocyanin synthesis in red and green walnuts based on transcriptome sequencing technology. By obtaining a sequence of more than 3 billion bases from mRNA, we found genes that are differentially expressed with anthocyanin synthesis in 4 leaf growth stages and 3 peel growth stages of red and green walnuts.

2021-01-05 | GSE162007 | GEO

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