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Rapid evolutionary dynamics of an expanding family of Drosophila meiotic drive factors and their hpRNA suppressors

ABSTRACT: The Dox meiotic drive system distorts the sex-ratio in Drosophila simulans. Here, the authors reconstruct the step-wise emergence, and recent amplification of Dox superfamily genes in parallel with the emergence of autosomal hairpin RNA-class siRNA loci that target subsets of these putative drivers

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila simulans Drosophila mauritiana Drosophila sechellia

PROVIDER: GSE185361 | GEO | 2021/10/07

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Rapid evolutionary dynamics of an expanding family of meiotic drive factors and their hpRNA suppressors.

Project description:Meiotic drivers are a class of selfish genetic elements whose existence is frequently hidden due to concomitant suppressor systems. Accordingly, we know little of their evolutionary breadth and molecular mechanisms. Here, we trace the evolution of the Dox meiotic drive system in Drosophila simulans, which affects male-female balance (sex ratio). Dox emerged via stepwise mobilization and acquisition of multiple D. melanogaster gene segments including from protamine, which mediates compaction of sperm chromatin. Moreover, we reveal novel Dox homologs and massive amplification of Dox superfamily genes on X chromosomes of its closest sisters D. mauritiana and D. sechellia. Emergence of Dox loci is tightly associated with 359-class satellite repeats that flank de novo genomic copies. In concert, we find coordinated diversification of autosomal hairpin RNA-class siRNA loci that target subsets of Dox superfamily genes. Overall, we reveal fierce genetic arms races between meiotic drive factors and siRNA suppressors associated with recent speciation.

| S-EPMC8665063 | biostudies-literature

Regulatory logic of endogenous RNAi in silencing de novo genomic conflicts

Project description:Although the biological utilities of endogenous RNAi (endo-RNAi) have been largely elusive, recent studies reveal its critical role in the non-model fruitfly Drosophila simulans to suppress selfish genes, whose unchecked activities can severely impair spermatogenesis. In particular, hairpin RNA (hpRNA) loci generate endo-siRNAs that suppress evolutionary novel, X-linked, meiotic drive loci. The consequences of deleting even a single hpRNA (Nmy) in males are profound, as such individuals are nearly incapable of siring male progeny. Here, comparative genomic analyses of D. simulans and D. melanogaster mutants of the core RNAi factor dcr-2 reveal a substantially expanded network of recently-emerged hpRNA-target interactions in the former species. The de novo hpRNA regulatory network in D. simulans bears compelling signatures of sex chromosome conflict and provides insight into molecular strategies that underlie hpRNA emergence. In particular, our data support the existence of ongoing rapid evolution of Nmy/Dox-related networks, recurrent targeting of testis HMG Box loci by hpRNAs, and connections to transposons. Importantly, the impact of the endo-RNAi network on gene expression flips the convention for regulatory networks, since we observe strong derepression of targets of the youngest hpRNAs, but only mild effects on the targets of the oldest hpRNAs. These data suggest that endo-RNAi are especially critical during incipient stages of intrinsic sex chromosome conflicts, and that continual cycles of distortion and resolution may contribute to speciation.

2023-05-23 | GSE230111 | GEO

Rapid evolutionary dynamics of an expanding family of Drosophila meiotic drive factors and their hpRNA suppressors

Project description:Rapid evolutionary dynamics of an expanding family of Drosophila meiotic drive factors and their hpRNA suppressors

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Mus musculus

Project description:RETRACTED BY AUTHORS

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Proteome Plasticity in Drosophila Hybrids

Project description:This submission contains 3 different datasets: - series A: D. melanogaster female ? D. simulans male embryos vs internal standard of pooled D. simulans and D. melanogaster (1:1) embryos - series B: D. simulans female ? D. melanogaster male embryos vs internal standard of pooled D. simulans and D. melanogaster (1:1) embryos - series E: D. melanogaster female ? D. simulans male adult heads vs internal standard of pooled D. simulans and D. melanogaster (1:1) adult heads Each dataset is in triplicates. Quantitation was performed with isobaric isotopologues labelling.

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Genome-wide changes in the circadian transcriptional program in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942

Project description:Circadian input kinas A (cikA) null cells severly distorts the genome-wide output of the circadian clock

2014-07-08 | GSE59112 | GEO

Homo sapiens

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Magnetic-Targeted Doxorubicin in Treating Patients With Cancer Metastatic to the Liver

Project description:MTC-DOX is Doxorubicin or DOX, a chemotherapy drug, that is adsorbed, or made to "stick", to magnetic beads (MTCs). MTCs are tiny, microscopic particles of iron and carbon. When DOX is added to MTCs, DOX attaches to the carbon part of the MTCs. MTC-DOX is directed to and deposited in the area of a tumor, where it is thought that it then "leaks" through the blood vessel walls. Once in the surrounding tissues, it is thought that Doxorubicin becomes "free from" the magnetic beads and will then be able to act against the tumor cells. The iron component of the particle has magnetic properties, making it possible to direct MTC-DOX to specific tumor sites in the liver by placing a magnet on the body surface. It is hoped that MTC-DOX used with the magnet may target the chemotherapy drug directly to liver tumors and provide a treatment to patients with cancers that have spread to the liver.

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Expression divergence of chemosensory genes between Drosophila sechellia and its sibling species and its implications for host shift [Dsim JP]

Project description:Drosophila simulans relies exclusively on the fruits of Morinda citrifolia, which are toxic to most insects, including its sibling species D. melanogaster and D. simulans. Although several odorant binding protein (Obp) genes and olfactory receptor (Or) genes were suggested to be associated with the D. simulans host shift, a broad view of how chemosensory genes have contributed to this shift is still lacking. We therefore studied the antennal transcriptomes, the main organ responsible for detecting food resource and oviposition, of D. simulans and its two sibling species. We wanted to know whether gene expression, particularly chemosensory genes, has diverged between D. simulans and its two sibling species. Using a very stringent definition of differential gene expression, we found 147 genes (including 11 chemosensory genes) were up-regulated while only 81 genes (including 5 chemosensory genes) were down-regulated in D. simulans. Interestingly, Obp50a exhibited the highest up-regulation, a ~100 fold increase, and Or85c – previously reported to be a larva-specific gene– showed ~20 fold up-regulation in D. simulans. Furthermore, Ir84a, proposed to be associated with male courtship behavior, is significantly up-regulated in D. simulans. We also found expression divergence in most of the receptor gene families between D. simulans and the two sibling species. Our observations suggest that the host shift of D. simulans is associated with expression profile divergence in all chemosensory gene families and is achieved mostly by up-regulation of chemosensory genes.

2015-10-01 | GSE67862 | GEO

Gene expression analysis of interspecific and intraspecific Y chromosome introgessions in Drosophila simulans

Project description:These arrays measure gene expression across eight Y introgression lines in Drosophila simulans. Four lines (Ya19, Ya23, Ya24, Ya26) carry a D. simulans Y chromosome (from a Cameroon population) and four lines (Sec01, Sec03, Sec08, Sec27) carry a D. sechellia Y chromosome. All lines are otherwise identical with a D. simulans background (UCSD stock center line 14021-0251.092).

2011-09-30 | GSE31907 | GEO

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