Short-Term Adaptations in Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity and Metabolic pathways to Breaking Up Sedentary Behaviors with Short-Frequent Bouts of Physical Activity Compared to a Matched Daily Single-Continuous Bout in Obese Adults
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE186715 | GEO | 2022/02/16
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Short-Term Adaptations in Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity and Metabolic pathways to Breaking Up Sedentary Behaviors with Short-Frequent Bouts of Physical Activity Compared to a Matched Daily Single-Continuous Bout in Obese Adults
| PRJNA775635 | ENA
Project description:Age-related declines in cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function are mitigated by regular endurance exercise in older adults. This may be due, in part, to changes in the transcriptional program of skeletal muscle following repeated bouts of exercise. However, the impact of chronic exercise training on the transcriptional response to an acute bout of endurance exercise has not been clearly determined. Here, we characterized baseline differences in muscle transcriptome and exercise-induced response in older adults who were active/endurance trained or sedentary. RNA-sequencing was performed on vastus lateralis biopsy specimens obtained before, immediately after, and 3 h following a bout of endurance exercise (40 min of cycling at 60%–70% of heart rate reserve). Using a recently developed bioinformatics approach, we found that transcript signatures related to type I myofibers, mitochondria, and endothelial cells were higher in active/endurance-trained adults and were associated with key phenotypic features including V̇o2peak, ATPmax, and muscle fiber proportion. Immune cell signatures were elevated in the sedentary group and linked to visceral and intermuscular adipose tissue mass. Following acute exercise, we observed distinct temporal transcriptional signatures that were largely similar among groups. Enrichment analysis revealed catabolic processes were uniquely enriched in the sedentary group at the 3-h postexercise timepoint. In summary, this study revealed key transcriptional signatures that distinguished active and sedentary adults, which were associated with difference in oxidative capacity and depot-specific adiposity. The acute response signatures were consistent with beneficial effects of endurance exercise to improve muscle health in older adults irrespective of exercise history and adiposity.
2022-03-01 | GSE151066 | GEO
Project description:Interview colorectal cancer survivors and use this input to create a brochure intended to guide reduction of sedentary behaviors in this population. Have colorectal cancer survivors review and comment on a draft of the brochure. A third group of colorectal cancer survivors will wear an Actigraph activity monitor for one week, then receive feedback on their activity level with the brochure. After one month this group will be surveyed by telephone regarding their use of the brochure, and their physical activity level.
| 2189898 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Breaking up sedentary behavior with short-frequent bouts of physical activity (PA) differentially influences metabolic health compared with the performance of a single-continuous bout of PA matched for total active time. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We compared skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration (high-resolution respirometry) and molecular adaptations (RNA sequencing) following 4-day exposure to breaks vs. energy-matched single-continuous PA bout in inactive adults with overweight/obesity. Participants (9M/10F, 32.2 ± 6.4 years, 30.3 ± 3.0 kg/m2) completed three 4-day interventions of a randomized cross-over study: SED, sedentary control; MICRO, 5 min brisk walking each hour for 9 h; ONE: 45 min/d continuous brisk walking bout. Fasted muscle biopsies were collected on day 5. Mitochondrial coupling in the presence of lipid-associated substrates was higher after ONE (4.8 ± 2.5) compared to MICRO (3.1 ± 1.1, p = 0.02) and SED (2.3 ± 1.0, p = 0.001). Respiratory rates did not differ across groups with carbohydrate-associated substrates. In pathways associated with muscle contraction transcription signaling, ONE and MICRO similarly enhanced Oxidative Phosphorylation and Sirtuin Signaling expression (p < 0.0001, for both). However, ONE (p < 0.001, for all), but not MICRO, had greater pathway enrichment, including Ca++, mTOR, AMPK, and HIF1α signaling, than SED. Although breaking up sedentary behavior triggered skeletal muscle molecular adaptations favoring oxidative capacity, it did not improve mitochondrial function over the short term.
| S-EPMC8838620 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTime awake with advancing age is increasingly spent sedentary and has several negative health consequences. We examined associations between the frequency of daily sedentary and active bouts with all-cause mortality.MethodsData are from 2816 men in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study (mean age ± SD: 79.1 ± 5.2 years) with free-living activity monitor (SenseWear® Pro3 Armband) data (5.1 ± 0.3 days worn >90%) at the Year 7 visit (2007-2009). Sedentary bout frequency was defined as the number of sedentary bouts per day lasting 5+ min to activity of any intensity. Active bout frequency was defined as the number of active bouts per day lasting 5+ min to sedentary behavior. Sleep time was excluded from the analysis. Deaths were centrally adjudicated using death certificates. Cox proportional hazard models were used to separately examine associations between quartiles of sedentary (Q1 referent, <13.6 bouts/day) or active (Q1 referent, <5 bouts/day) bout frequency with mortality.ResultsAfter 9.3 ± 3.8 years of follow-up, 1487 (52.8%) men died. Men averaged 16.8 ± 5.1 and 8.2 ± 4.2 sedentary and active bouts/day, respectively. After full covariate adjustment, each quartile reflecting more frequent sedentary bouts (Q4 vs. Q1 HR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.58, 0.81, p-trend <0.001) was associated with lower mortality risk. Likewise, each quartile reflecting more frequent active bouts (Q4 vs. Q1 HR: 0.58, 95%CI: 0.49, 0.70, p-trend <0.001) was associated with lower mortality risk. Results for the sedentary bouts model remained significant after adjusting for total minutes per day in sedentary behavior (Q4 vs. Q1 HR: 0.63, 95%CI: 0.61, 0.86, p-trend = 0.001). The association between active bout frequency with mortality was attenuated after adjusting for total minutes per day active.ConclusionsRegardless of total time spent sedentary, reducing duration of sedentary bouts with more frequent and shorter bouts may be a simple and feasible method to delay mortality risk among community-dwelling older men.
| S-EPMC10266879 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Breaking up prolonged sitting has been shown to be beneficially associated with cardio-metabolic risk markers in both observational and intervention studies. We aimed to define the acute transcriptional events induced in skeletal muscle by breaks in sedentary time. Overweight/obese adults participated in a randomized three-period, three-treatment cross-over trial in an acute setting (5 hours): seated position with no activity, seated with 2-minute bouts of light- or moderate-intensity treadmill walking every 20 minutes. Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained in 8 of the 19 participants after each treatment and gene expression examined using microarrays validated with real-time qPCR. Total RNA was extracted from vastus lateralis at the 3 different experimental condition
2012-07-24 | E-GEOD-39576 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We sought to determine the skeletal muscle genome-wide DNA methylation and mRNA respons-es to one bout of lower-load (LL) versus higher-load (HL) resistance exercise. Trained col-lege-aged males (n=11, 23±4 years old, 4±3 years self-reported training) performed LL or HL bouts to failure separated by one week. The HL bout (i.e., 80 Fail) consisted of four sets of back squats and four sets of leg extensions to failure using 80% of participants estimated one-repetition maximum (i.e., est. 1-RM). The LL bout (i.e., 30 Fail) implemented the same paradigm with 30% of est. 1-RM. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected before, 3 hours, and 6 hours after each bout. Muscle DNA and RNA were batch-isolated and analyzed using the 850k Illumina Methyl-ationEPIC array and Clariom S mRNA microarray, respectively. Performed repetitions were sig-nificantly greater during the 30 Fail versus 80 Fail (p<0.001), although total training volume (sets x reps x load) was not significantly different between bouts (p=0.571). Regardless of bout, more CpG site methylation changes were observed at 3- versus 6-hours post exercise (239,951 versus 12,419, respectively; p<0.01), and nuclear global ten-eleven translocation (TET) activity, but not global DNA methyltransferase activity, increased 3- and 6-hours following exercise regardless of bout. The percentage of genes significantly altered at the mRNA level that demonstrated opposite DNA methylation patterns was greater 3- versus 6-hours following exercise (~75% versus ~15%, respectively). Moreover, high percentages of genes that were up- or downregulated 6 hours fol-lowing exercise also demonstrated significantly inversed DNA methylation patterns across one or more CpG sites 3 hours following exercise (65% and 82%, respectively). While 30 Fail de-creased DNA methylation across various promoter regions versus 80 Fail, transcriptome-wide mRNA and bioinformatics indicated that gene expression signatures were largely similar be-tween bouts. Bioinformatics overlay of DNA methylation and mRNA expression data indicated that genes related to “Focal adhesion”, “MAPK signaling”, and “PI3K-Akt signaling” were sig-nificantly affected at the 3- and 6-hour time points, and again this was regardless of bout. In con-clusion, extensive molecular profiling suggests that post-exercise alterations in the skeletal muscle DNA methylome and mRNA transcriptome elicited by LL and HL training bouts to failure are largely similar, and this could be related to equal volumes performed between bouts.
2022-12-14 | GSE220928 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundMachine learning has been used for classification of physical behavior bouts from hip-worn accelerometers; however, this research has been limited due to the challenges of directly observing and coding human behavior "in the wild." Deep learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), may offer better representation of data than other machine learning algorithms without the need for engineered features and may be better suited to dealing with free-living data. The purpose of this study was to develop a modeling pipeline for evaluation of a CNN model on a free-living data set and compare CNN inputs and results with the commonly used machine learning random forest and logistic regression algorithms.MethodTwenty-eight free-living women wore an ActiGraph GT3X+accelerometer on their right hip for 7 days. A concurrently worn thigh-mounted activPAL device captured ground truth activity labels. The authors evaluated logistic regression, random forest, and CNN models for classifying sitting, standing, and stepping bouts. The authors also assessed the benefit of performing feature engineering for this task.ResultsThe CNN classifier performed best (average balanced accuracy for bout classification of sitting, standing, and stepping was 84%) compared with the other methods (56% for logistic regression and 76% for random forest), even without performing any feature engineering.ConclusionUsing the recent advancements in deep neural networks, the authors showed that a CNN model can outperform other methods even without feature engineering. This has important implications for both the model's ability to deal with the complexity of free-living data and its potential transferability to new populations.
| S-EPMC8389343 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Breaking up prolonged sitting has been shown to be beneficially associated with cardio-metabolic risk markers in both observational and intervention studies. We aimed to define the acute transcriptional events induced in skeletal muscle by breaks in sedentary time. Overweight/obese adults participated in a randomized three-period, three-treatment cross-over trial in an acute setting (5 hours): seated position with no activity, seated with 2-minute bouts of light- or moderate-intensity treadmill walking every 20 minutes. Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained in 8 of the 19 participants after each treatment and gene expression examined using microarrays validated with real-time qPCR.
2012-07-25 | GSE39576 | GEO
Project description:We sought to determine skeletal muscle genome-wide DNA methylation and transcriptome changes to one bout of lower-load (LL) versus higher-load (HL) resistance exercise. Previously trained college-aged males (n=11, age: 23±4 years old, training experience: 4 ± 3 years) performed LL or HL bouts to failure separated by one week. The HL bout (a.k.a., 80 Fail) consisted of four sets of back squats and four sets of leg extensions to failure using 80% of their estimated one-repetition maximum (i.e., est. 1-RM from 3-RM testing), whereas the LL bout (a.k.a., 30 Fail) consisted of this same paradigm using 30% of their est. 1-RM. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected before, 3 hours, and 6 hours after each exercise bout. DNA and RNA were batch-isolated from muscle and analyzed for genome-wide DNA methylation and mRNA expression using the 850k Illumina MethylationEPIC array and Clariom S mRNA microarray, respectively. Although the total number of repetitions performed were significantly greater during the 30 Fail versus 80 Fail bout (p<0.001), total training volume (sets x reps x load) was not significantly different between conditions (p=0.571). Interestingly, 30 Fail led to decreased methylation across various promoter regions, albeit the transcriptome-wide responses between bouts were largely similar. According to bioinformatics, both bouts altered post-exercise mRNA profiles related to inflammatory signaling (e.g., Toll receptor, CCKR, chemokine and cytokine signaling), apoptosis, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and integrin signaling. Also notable, more robust DNA methylation events occurred 3 hours versus 6 hours post-exercise regardless of bout (239,951 versus 12,419 CpG sites significantly hyper- or hypomethylated at these respective time points, p<0.01). Moreover, the percentage of significantly altered mRNAs that also demonstrated significantly inversed methylation patterns across one or more CpG sites was appreciably higher at 3 hours versus 6 hours following exercise (~75% versus ~15%, respectively). In conclusion, our transcriptomic data suggest that the molecular signaling events during the early post-exercise period are largely similar between LL and HL bouts, and this may explain why similar longer-term phenotypes (e.g., myofiber hypertrophy) result from these two training modalities. Additionally, our methylome data indicate that the majority of DNA methylation changes following an acute bout of resistance exercise occur rapidly (~3 hours) following exercise in previously trained men.
2023-04-04 | GSE220899 | GEO