Transcriptomics

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Influenza defective interfering virus promotes multiciliated cell differentiation and reduces the inflammatory response in mice


ABSTRACT: Influenza defective interfering (DI) viruses have long been considered promising antiviral candidates because of their ability to interfere with replication-competent viruses and to induce antiviral immunity. However, the mechanisms underlying DI-mediated antiviral immunity have not been extensively explored. Here, we demonstrated interferon (IFN) independent protection conferred by influenza DI virus against homologous virus infection in mice deficient in type I and III IFN signaling. By integrating transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory data we identified unique host signatures in response to DI co-infection. DI-treated mice exhibited reduced viral transcription, less intense inflammatory and innate immune responses, and primed multiciliated cell differentiation in their lungs at an early stage of infection, even in the absence of type I or III IFNs. This increased multiciliogenesis could also be detected at the protein level by immunofluorescence staining of lung tissue from DI-treated mice. Overall, our study provides mechanistic insight into the protection mediated by DIs, implying a unifying theme involving inflammation and multiciliogenesis in maintaining respiratory homeostasis, and reveals their IFN-independent antiviral activity.

ORGANISM(S): Influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1)) Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE188122 | GEO | 2023/05/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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