Bulk RNA sequence and bulk ATAC sequence of treated murine CD8+ T cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE190603 | GEO | 2024/06/28
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Background: Autologous fat grafting is hampered by unpredictable graft survival, which is potentially regulated by ferroptosis. Glutathione (GSH), a powerful antioxidant used in tissue preservation, has ferroptosis-regulating activity; however, its effects on fat grafts are unclear. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of GSH in fat graft survival. Methods: Human lipoaspirates were transplanted subcutaneously into the backs of normal saline-treated (control) or GSH-treated nude mice. Graft survival was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging and histology. RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways. GSH activity was evaluated in vitro using an oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) model of adipose-derived stem cells. Results: Compared with control group, GSH induced better outcomes, including superior graft retention, appearance, and histological structures. RNA sequencing suggested enhanced negative regulation of ferroptosis in the GSH-treated grafts, which showed reduced lipid peroxides, better mitochondrial ultrastructure, and SLC7A11/GPX4 axis activation. In vitro, OGD-induced ferroptosis was ameliorated by GSH, which restored cell proliferation, reduced oxidative stress, and upregulated ferroptosis defense factors. Conclusions: Our study confirms that ferroptosis participates in regulating fat graft survival and that GSH exerts a protective effect by inhibiting ferroptosis. GSH-assisted lipotransfer is a promising therapeutic strategy for future clinical application.
2023-05-08 | GSE231511 | GEO
Project description:Beneficial effect of an adenosine A2AR antagonist in the APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer’s Disease
2019-05-18 | GSE113141 | GEO
Project description:MoS2 has found application in various biomedical fields, such as bioimaging and drug delivery. Nonetheless, utilizing MoS2 for anti-tumor therapy remains challenging, especially tumor immunotherapy. Macrophages, pivotal constituents of the tumor microenvironment, play a crucial role in driving tumor progression and chemoresistance. Modulating macrophages to reshape this microenvironment stands as a promising avenue for effective tumor treatment. In this study, we unveil a mechanism by which MoS2 induces the metamorphosis of macrophages from an M0 to an M1 phenotype, thus altering the tumor microenvironment. This transformation triggers pathways associated with inflammation within M1-type macrophages, leading to an upsurge in the expression of inflammatory molecules like IL1β. Macrophages activated by MoS2 exhibit a propensity to impede tumor cell proliferation. Through comprehensive RNA-sequencing analysis, we noted that MoS2 induces a greater enrichment of differentially expressed genes in the cytokine release pathway within macrophages. The excessive secretion of IL1β by MoS2-activated macrophages emerges as a pivotal catalyst, heightening ROS levels and decreasing GSH levels within tumor cells, ultimately culminating in ferroptosis. Therefore, we suggest MoS2 effectively reshapes the tumor microenvironment by steering macrophages toward releasing inflammatory molecules. The MoS2-triggered activation of macrophages, inducing the secretion of IL1β, emerges as a potent trigger for ferroptosis within tumor cells. Consequently, MoS2 holds substantial promise as an efficacious strategy for anti-tumor immunotherapy, achieved through the polarization of macrophages.
2023-12-31 | GSE251769 | GEO
Project description:In our study, blocking A2aR with ZM241385 was found to inhibit Foxp3 expression in Treg cells of septic mice. Therefore, we used flow cytometry to sort mouse spleen CD4+CD25+ cells for transcriptome sequencing in an attempt to discover the mechanism by which blocking A2aR affects Foxp3 expression. The specific groupings were as follows: naive groups (N1-N5), CLP groups (C1-C5), CLP+A2aR antagonist groups (Z1-Z6).
2023-10-03 | GSE244227 | GEO
Project description:Oxytosis/ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic regulated cell death pathway characterized by glutathione (GSH) depletion with consequent inhibition of the GSH-dependent enzyme GSH peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), activation of lipoxygenases (LOXs), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction, that culminates in cell death. Most of these changes are observed with aging and exacerbated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Furthermore, it has been shown that novel inhibitors of oxytosis/ferroptosis are protective in mouse models of aging and AD. One of the most potent of these inhibitors is the neuroprotective compound CMS121. The goal of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of oxytosis/ferroptosis in the AD brain by examining transcriptomic signatures of oxytosis/ferroptosis in multiple cellular and animal models of AD as well as in human AD brain samples. Our data show that different signatures of oxytosis/ferroptosis are enriched to varying extents in the brains of AD mice and human AD patients.
2025-01-06 | GSE278716 | GEO
Project description:CD8+ T cells activated by cancer immunotherapy execute tumor clearance mainly by inducing cell death through perforin-granzyme- and Fas/Fas ligand-pathways. Ferroptosis is a form of cell death that differs from apoptosis and results from iron-dependent lipid peroxide accumulation. Although it was mechanistically illuminated in vitro, emerging evidence has shown that ferroptosis may be implicated in a variety of pathological scenarios. However, the involvement of ferroptosis in T cell immunity and cancer immunotherapy is unknown. Here, we find that immunotherapy-activated CD8+ T cells enhance ferroptosis-specific lipid peroxidation in tumor cells, and in turn, increased ferroptosis contributes to the anti-tumor efficacy of immunotherapy. Mechanistically, IFNg released from CD8+ T cells downregulates expression of SLC3A2 and SLC7A11, two subunits of glutamate-cystine antiporter system xc-, restrains tumor cell cystine uptake, and as a consequence, promotes tumor cell lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. In preclinical models, depletion of cyst(e)ine by cyst(e)inase in combination with checkpoint blockade synergistically enhances T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity and induces tumor cell ferroptosis. Thus, T cell-promoted tumor ferroptosis is a novel anti-tumor mechanism. Targeting tumor ferroptosis pathway constitutes a therapeutic approach in combination with checkpoint blockade.
2019-03-16 | GSE128392 | GEO
Project description:Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent overaccumulation of lipid peroxides. It can be prevented by cellular mechanisms such as GPX4-mediated elimination of the lipid peroxides at the cost of glutathione (GSH). Since originally being discovered as a property of RAS-mutant cancer cells, ferroptosis has been shown to be regulated by several important oncogenes and tumor suppressors. In particular, LIFR, the receptor of the pleiotropic cytokine LIF, has recently been shown to be required for ferroptosis, as loss of Lifr in mouse liver tumor confers the cells resistance to ferroptosis. In this study, however, we found that the LIFR-targeting drugs, EC330 and EC359, are potent inducers of ferroptosis, thus reflecting an interesting “gain-of-function” effect of EC330/EC359 on LIFR-associated ferroptosis. Treatment of various types of cells with EC330/EC359 causes a rapid nonapoptotic cell death with characteristic morphology of ferroptosis, which can be inhibited by iron chelator (DFO) and lipid ROS scavenger (Fer-1), but not pan-caspase inhibitor (z-VAD-fmk). Consistent with previous observations, the efficiency of EC330/EC359 appears to be correlated with the expression levels of LIF and LIFR. RNA-seq analysis showed that the EC330/EC359 treatment leads to (i) a gene expression profile highly resembling that of RSL3, the GPX4-targeting ferroptosis inducer, and (ii) a specific decrease of expression of a few gene encoding membrane-located proteins, especially those located on the mitochondria (e.g., TOMM6 and COX14), implying defects in cellular/mitochondrial membrane functions. Indeed, transmission electron microscopy imaging of the EC330/EC359-treated cells shows shrunken mitochondria and loss of mitochondrial cristae. EC330/EC359 also decreases the activity of GPX4 in the cells to the level comparable with RSL3; meanwhile, the intracellular level of GSH is also decreased, and thus GPX4 inactivation and GSH depletion may jointly disable the cells to eliminate the toxic lipid peroxides. Lastly, although the STAT3 and AKT signaling pathways downstream of LIFR are inhibited by EC330/EC359, inhibition of these pathways per se can only induce non-ferroptotic cell death, suggesting that the EC330/EC359-induced ferroptosis is independent of these downstream pathways; the LIFR-NFkB-LCN2 axis discovered recently in mouse liver tumor cells might not explain the EC330/EC359-induced ferroptosis either, because LCN2 is not detectable in the herein used cell lines. Taken together, these results reveal an unexpected role of the LIFR-targeting drugs EC330/EC359 as potent inducer of ferroptosis and, in combination with previous studies, suggest that there could be either unknown mechanism for the LIFR-associated ferroptosis or unknown target for EC330/EC359 to effect the ferroptosis induction.
2023-07-06 | GSE201493 | GEO
Project description:Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) utilizes glutathione (GSH) to detoxify lipid peroxidation and
plays an essential role in inhibiting ferroptosis. As a selenoprotein, GPX4 protein synthesis is
highly inefficient and energetically costly. How cells coordinate GPX4 synthesis with nutrient
availability remains unclear. In this study, integrated proteomic and functional analyses reveal
that SLC7A11-mediated cystine uptake promotes not only GSH synthesis but also GPX4 protein synthesis. Mechanistically, cyst(e)ine activates mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and promotes GPX4 protein synthesis at least partly through the mTORC1-4E-BP signaling axis. Pharmacologic inhibition of mTORC1 decreases GPX4 protein levels, sensitizes cancer cells to ferroptosis, and synergizes with ferroptosis inducers (FINs) to suppress patient-derived xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Together, our results reveal a hitherto unrecognized regulatory mechanism to coordinate GPX4 protein synthesis with cyst(e)ine availability and suggest to use the combination of mTORC1 inhibitors and FINs in cancer treatment.
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Project description:Glutamine metabolism in the tumor microenvironment is emerging as a critical regulator of immune-mediated anti-tumor responses. We report potent tumor growth inhibition by the glutamine antagonist prodrug JHU083 in urologic tumors by JHU083-reprogrammed tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and tumor-infiltrating monocytes (TIMs). Using orthogonal approaches, we show that JHU083-mediated glutamine antagonism in the tumor microenvironment induces TNF, inflammatory, and mTORC1 signaling in different intra-tumoral TAM clusters. Additionally, we report that JHU083 increases proliferation in tissue-resident macrophages intratumorally and in different TAM sub-clusters. Functionally, we report that JHU083-reprogrammed TAMs have increased tumor cell phagocytosis and diminished pro-angiogenic capacities. In vivo inhibition of glutamine consumption in TAMs results in increased glycolysis, broken TCA cycle, and disruption in purine metabolism. Although the effect of glutamine antagonism was less profound on tumor-infiltrating T cells for their anti-tumor activity, it promoted a stem cell-like phenotype in CD8+ T cells and decreased the CD4+ Treg abundance. Additionally, we report that JHU083 causes a global shutdown in glutamine utilizing metabolic pathways in tumor cells, leading to reduced HIF-1, c-MYC phosphorylation, and induction of tumor cell apoptosis, all key anti-tumoral features.
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