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Multi-omics and 3D-imaging reveal bone heterogeneity and unique calvaria cells in neuroinflammation

ABSTRACT: The bone marrow in the skull is important for shaping immune responses in the brain and meninges, but its molecular makeup in comparison to other bones in mice and humans remains unclear. Here, we show that the skull has the most distinct transcriptomic profile compared to other bones in states of health and injury, characterized by a late-stage neutrophil phenotype. In humans, proteome analysis reveal that the skull marrow is the most distinct, with differentially expressed neutrophil-related pathways and a unique synaptic protein signature. 3D imaging demonstrates the structural and cellular details of human skull-meninges connections compared to veins. Lastly, using TSPO-PET imaging, we show that the skull bone marrow reflects inflammatory brain responses with a disease-specific spatial distribution in patients with various neurological disorders. The unique molecular profile, anatomical, and functional connections of the skull show its potential as a new site for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating brain diseases.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE192616 | GEO | 2023/07/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Multi-omics and 3D-imaging reveal bone heterogeneity and unique calvaria cells in neuroinflammation

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