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Rewiring the Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Enhances Tumor Antigen Presentation and Immunogenicity [bulk RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Loss of antigen presentation by MHCI is a common mechanism of tumor immune evasion. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity influences MHCI expression, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the relative flow of electrons through complex I or II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) regulates MHCI expression and antigen presentation in cancer cells. Specifically, reducing electron flow from complex II increases mitochondrial succinate which activates transcription of MHCI and antigen processing and presentation (APP) genes. These phenotypes are independent of the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway and driven by succinate-mediated enzymatic inhibition of lysine-specific demethylases, KDM5A/B and destabilization of polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2). Finally, knockout of the mitochondrial Complex I inhibitor protein, MCJ, preferentially reduces electron flow through Complex II and increases succinate which drives an enhanced antigen-dependent CD8+ T cell response to mouse melanoma tumors in vivo. These findings suggest that the mitochondrial ETC can be manipulated therapeutically to enhance antitumor immune responses independently of IFNγ.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE198346 | GEO | 2022/12/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Rewiring the Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Enhances Tumor Immunogenicity

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Rewiring the Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Enhances Tumor Antigen Presentation and Immunogenicity

Project description:Rewiring the Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Enhances Tumor Antigen Presentation and Immunogenicity

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Project description:We have developed a tet-inducible SV-40 large T antigen-expressing lentivirus-immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblast (iMEF) cell culture model of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) dysfunction involving complex II (succinate dehydrogenase; SDH) in which silencing gene rearrangement of the Sdhc floxed allele is driven by doxycycline-dependent expression of cre-recombinase from a tet-inducible promoter (R26M2rtTA/+;TetOcre;Sdhcfl/fl). For comparison, we include an isogenic Sdhc wt control line (R26M2rtTA/+;TetOcre;Sdhcfl/wt) that retains one intact copy of Sdhc upon doxycycline exposure. Following doxycycline induction of both cell lines, dilutional subcloning was employed to obtain stable Sdhc -/- (SDHC KO) and Sdhc +/- (Control) cell lines. Sdhc gene rearrangement status for each clonally-derived cell line was confirmed by PCR. Cell lines were grown in standard DMEM containing penicillin/streptomycin antibiotics (0.5 mg/mL), non-essential amino acids (100 micromolar each of glycine, alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline, and serine), sodium pyruvate (1 mM), and HEPES buffer (10 mM) at 21% O2 and 5% CO2. Following cell line derivation and verification of Sdhc genetic status, long-range genomic contacts were profiled using eHi-C.

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Project description:We have developed a tet-inducible SV-40 large T antigen-expressing lentivirus-immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblast (iMEF) cell culture model of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) dysfunction involving complex II (succinate dehydrogenase; SDH) in which silencing gene rearrangement of the Sdhc floxed allele is driven by doxycycline-dependent expression of cre-recombinase from a tet-inducible promoter (R26M2rtTA/+;TetOcre;Sdhcfl/fl). For comparison, we include an isogenic Sdhc wt control line (R26M2rtTA/+;TetOcre;Sdhcfl/wt) that retains one intact copy of Sdhc upon doxycycline exposure. Following doxycycline induction of both cell lines, dilutional subcloning was employed to obtain stable Sdhc -/- (SDHC KO) and Sdhc +/- (Control) cell lines. Sdhc gene rearrangement status for each clonally-derived cell line was confirmed by PCR. Cell lines were grown in standard DMEM containing penicillin/streptomycin antibiotics (0.5 mg/mL), non-essential amino acids (100 micromolar each of glycine, alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline, and serine), sodium pyruvate (1 mM), and HEPES buffer (10 mM) at 21% O2 and 5% CO2. Following cell line derivation and verification of Sdhc genetic status, chromatin epigenomic marks including H3K4me3, H3K27me2, H3K27ac, CTCF, acetyllysine, propionyllysine, and butyryllysine were characterized by CUT&RUN.

2020-10-22 | GSE129954 | GEO

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Project description:We have developed a tet-inducible SV-40 large T antigen-expressing lentivirus-immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblast (iMEF) cell culture model of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) dysfunction involving complex II (succinate dehydrogenase; SDH) in which silencing gene rearrangement of the Sdhc floxed allele is driven by doxycycline-dependent expression of cre-recombinase from a tet-inducible promoter (R26M2rtTA/+;TetOcre;Sdhcfl/fl). For comparison, we include an isogenic Sdhc wt control line (R26M2rtTA/+;TetOcre;Sdhcfl/wt) that retains one intact copy of Sdhc upon doxycycline exposure. Following doxycycline induction of both cell lines, dilutional subcloning was employed to obtain stable Sdhc -/- (SDHC KO) and Sdhc +/- (Control) cell lines. Sdhc gene rearrangement status for each clonally-derived cell line was confirmed by PCR. Cell lines were grown in standard DMEM containing penicillin/streptomycin antibiotics (0.5 mg/mL), non-essential amino acids (100 micromolar each of glycine, alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline, and serine), sodium pyruvate (1 mM), and HEPES buffer (10 mM) at 21% O2 and 5% CO2. Following cell line derivation and verification of Sdhc genetic status, accessible chromatin regions in each cell line were interrogated by ATAC-seq.

2020-10-22 | GSE129953 | GEO

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