Transcriptomics

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Single cell analysis uncovers novel populations of CD4+ T cells associated with antifungal vaccine efficacy


ABSTRACT: Memory T cells underpin vaccine-induced immunity but are not yet fully understood. To distinguish features of memory cells that confer protective immunity, we used single cell transcriptome analysis to compare antigen-specific CD4+ T cells recalled to lungs of mice that received a protective or nonprotective subunit vaccine followed by challenge with a fungal pathogen. We unexpectedly found populations specific to protection that expressed a strong type I interferon response signature, whose distinctive transcriptional signature appeared unconventionally dependent on IFNγ receptor. We also detected a unique population enriched in protection that highly expressed genes for chemokine CCL5 and natural killer cell marker NKG7. Lastly, we detected differences in TCR gene use and in Th1- and Th17-skewed responses after protective and nonprotective vaccine, respectively, reflecting heterogeneous Ifng- and Il17a-expressing populations. Our findings highlight key features of transcriptionally diverse and distinctive antigen-specific T cells associated with protective vaccine-induced immunity.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE198466 | GEO | 2022/09/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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