Mitochondrial calcium uniporter in pancreatic cancer metastasis and cystine adiction
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE199692 | GEO | 2022/03/29
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Muscle atrophy contributes to the poor prognosis of many physiopathological conditions, but pharmacological therapies are still limited. Muscle activity leads to major swings in mitochondrial [Ca2+] which control aerobic metabolism, cell death and survival pathways. We have investigated in vivo the effects of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in skeletal muscle function and trophism, by overexpressing or silencing the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU). The results coherently demonstrate that both in developing and in adult muscles MCU-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake has a marked trophic effect that does not depend on autophagy or aerobic control, but impinges on two major hypertrophic pathways of skeletal muscle, PGC-1M-NM-14 and Igf1-Akt/PKB. In adult mice, MCU overexpression protects from denervation-induced atrophy. These data reveal a novel Ca2+-dependent organelle-to-nucleus signaling route, which links mitochondrial function to the control of muscle mass and may represent a possible pharmacological target in sarcopenia. Experiments were performed on biological replicates of single skeletal muscle fibres. Seven fibres were chosen for their Mutochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU) overexpression and other seven fibres because MCU was silenced. Overexpression and silencing were performed injecting skeletal muscle with AAV containing MCU gene or short interfering oligos specific for MCU. As control was profiled eigth fibres transfected with AAV and eigth wild type fibres. Analyses were performed 7 days and 14 days after the AAV injection (3 fibers after 7 days and 4 fibers after 14 days for MCU overexpression and silencing, four fibres after 7 days and four after 14 days for control).
2015-03-05 | E-GEOD-60931 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:T-cell receptor-induced Ca2+ signals are essential for proper T-cell activation and function. In this context, mitochondria play an important role and take up Ca2+ to support elevated bioenergetic demands. The protein machinery that regulates mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) uptake; the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex, could be thus implicated in T-cell immunity. However, the exact role of MCU in T-cells is not understood. Here, we show that upon activation of naïve T-cells, the MCU complex undergoes a compositional rearrangement that causes elevated mCa2+ uptake and increased bioenergetic output. Transcriptome and proteome analyses reveal molecular determinants involved in mitochondrial functional reprograming and identify signaling pathways controlled by MCU. MCUa knockdown diminishes mCa2+ uptake, mitochondrial respiration and ATP production as well as T-cell invasion and cytokine secretion. In vivo, downregulation of MCUa in rat CD4+ T-cells suppresses autoimmune responses in a multiple sclerosis model of inflammatory experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In summary, Ca2+ uptake through MCU is essential for proper T-cell function and is involved in autoimmunity. T-cell specific MCU inhibition is a potential tool for treating autoimmune disorders.
2024-10-23 | GSE253049 | GEO
Project description:Kidney is a vital organ responsible for homeostasis in the body. To retard kidney aging is of great importance for maintaining body health. Whereas the therapeutic strategies targeting against kidney aging are not elucidated. Recent studies show mitochondrial dysfunction is critical for renal tubular cell senescence and kidney aging, however, the underlying mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney aging have not been demonstrated. Herein, we found calcium overload, and the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) was induced in renal tubular cells and aged kidney. To activate MCU not only triggered mitochondrial calcium overload, but also induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cellular senescence and age-related kidney fibrosis. Inversely, to block MCU or chelate calcium diminished ROS generation, restored mitochondrial homeostasis, and retarded cell senescence and protected against kidney aging. These results demonstrate MCU plays a key role in promote renal tubular cell senescence, which provides a new insight on the therapeutic strategy for fighting against kidney aging.
2024-10-02 | GSE262514 | GEO
Project description:Muscle atrophy contributes to the poor prognosis of many physiopathological conditions, but pharmacological therapies are still limited. Muscle activity leads to major swings in mitochondrial [Ca2+] which control aerobic metabolism, cell death and survival pathways. We have investigated in vivo the effects of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in skeletal muscle function and trophism, by overexpressing or silencing the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU). The results coherently demonstrate that both in developing and in adult muscles MCU-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake has a marked trophic effect that does not depend on autophagy or aerobic control, but impinges on two major hypertrophic pathways of skeletal muscle, PGC-1α4 and Igf1-Akt/PKB. In adult mice, MCU overexpression protects from denervation-induced atrophy. These data reveal a novel Ca2+-dependent organelle-to-nucleus signaling route, which links mitochondrial function to the control of muscle mass and may represent a possible pharmacological target in sarcopenia.
2015-03-05 | GSE60931 | GEO
Project description:Cardiomyocyte Ca2+ is buffered by mitochondria via the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex. The MCU complex consists of pore-forming proteins including the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), and regulatory proteins such as mitochondrial calcium uptake proteins 1 and 2 (MICU1/2). The stoichiometry of these proteins influences the sensitivity to Ca2+ and activity of the complex. However, the factors that regulate their gene expression remain incompletely understood. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression through various mechanisms, and we recently found that the lncRNA Tug1 affected the expression of MCU-associated genes. To further explore this, we knocked down Tug1 (Tug1 KD) in H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes using antisense LNA oligo. This led to increased MCU protein expression yet this did not enhance a marker of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. RNA-seq revealed that Tug1 KD increased Mcu and led to differential expression of genes and pathways related to Ca2+ regulation in the heart. To understand the effect of this on Ca2+ signalling, we measured phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and its downstream target cAMP Response Element-Binding protein (CREB), a transcription factor known to promote Mcu gene expression. Tug1 KD attenuated the increase in CAMKII and CREB phosphorylation in response to ionomycin, a Ca2+ ionophore. Inhibition of CaMKII, but not CREB, partially prevented the Tug1 KD mediated increase in Mcu. Together, these data suggest that Tug1 modulates MCU expression via a mechanism that may involve CAMKII and CREB. The Tug1 mediated regulation of MCU on mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, may have functional consequences for cellular Ca2+ handling which could have implications for cardiac disease.
2023-07-22 | GSE237787 | GEO
Project description:Objectives: Studies have shown a correlation between obesity and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, yet it is unclear whether and how Mcu regulates adipocyte lipid deposition. This study aims to provide new potential target for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases, and to explore the function of Mcu in adipose tissue. Methods: We firstly investigated the role of mitoxantrone, an Mcu inhibitor, in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in mouse adipocytes (3T3-L1 cells). Secondly, C57BL/6J mice were used as a research model to investigate the effects of Mcu inhibitors on fat accumulation and glucose metabolism in mice on a high-fat diet (HFD), and by using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, adipose tissue-specific Mcu knockdown mice (Mcu fl/+ AKO) and Mcu knockout of mice (Mcu fl/fl AKO) were obtained, to further investigate the direct effects of Mcu on fat deposition, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in mice on a high-fat diet. Results: we found the Mcu inhibitor reduced adipocytes lipid accumulation and adipose tissues mass in mice fed an HFD. Both Mcu fl/+ AKO mice and Mcu fl/fl AKO mice were resistant to HFD-induced obesity, compared to control mice. Mice with Mcu fl/fl AKO showed improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity as well as reduced hepatic lipid accumulation. Mechanistically, inhibition of Mcu promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and adipocyte browning, increase energy expenditure and alleviates diet-induced obesity. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a link between adipocyte lipid accumulation and mCa2+ levels, suggesting that adipose-specific Mcu deficiency alleviates HFD-induced obesity and ameliorates metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. These effects may be achieved by increasing mitochondrial biosynthesis, promoting white fat browning and enhancing energy metabolism.
2023-11-12 | GSE247235 | GEO
Project description:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly metastatic disease with few effective treatments. Here we show that the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) promotes PDAC cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and metabolic stress resistance by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant program. The cystine transporter SLC7A11 was identified as a druggable target downstream of the MCU-Nrf2 axis. Paradoxically, despite the increased ability to uptake cystine, MCU-overexpressing PDAC demonstrated characteristics typical of cystine-deprived cells and were hypersensitive to cystine deprivation-induced ferroptosis. Pharmacologic inhibitors of SLC7A11 effectively induced tumor regression and abrogated MCU-driven metastasis in PDAC. In patient-derived organoid models in vitro and patient-derived xenograft models in vivo, MCU-high PDAC demonstrated increased sensitivity to SLC7A11 inhibition compared with MCU-low tumors. These data suggest that MCU is able to promote resistance to metabolic stress and to drive PDAC metastasis in a cystine-dependent manner. MCU-mediated cystine addiction could be exploited as a therapeutic vulnerability to inhibit PDAC tumor growth and to prevent metastasis.SignificanceElevated mitochondrial calcium uptake in PDAC promotes metastasis but exposes cystine addiction and ferroptosis sensitivity that could be targeted to improve pancreatic cancer treatment.
| S-EPMC9203979 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The mitochondrial calcium uniporter has been proposed to coordinate the organelle’s energetics with cytosolic calcium signaling. Previous studies have shown that the uniporter current is extremely high in mitochondria from brown adipose tissue (BAT), yet the contribution of the uniporter to BAT physiology in vivo is not known. Here, we report the generation and characterization of a mouse model lacking Mcu, the pore forming subunit of the uniporter, specifically in BAT (BAT-Mcu-KO). BAT-Mcu-KO mice are born in Mendelian ratios on a C57BL6/J genetic background, without any overt phenotypes. Although uniporter based calcium uptake is selectively ablated in BAT mitochondria, these mice are able to defend their body temperature in response to cold challenge and exhibit a normal body weight trajectory on a high fat diet. BAT transcriptional profiles at baseline and following cold-challenge are intact and not impacted by loss of Mcu. Unexpectedly, we found that cold powerfully activates the ATF4-dependent integrated stress response in BAT, and increases both circulating FGF21 and GDF15 levels, raising the hypothesis that the integrated stress response partly underlies the pleiotropic effects of BAT on systemic metabolism. Our study demonstrates that the uniporter is largely dispensable for BAT thermogenesis, and unexpectedly, uncovers a striking activation of the integrated stress response of BAT to cold challenge.
2019-04-30 | GSE119964 | GEO
Project description:Sustained and balanced calcium (Ca2+) increase upon T-cell receptor activation is a fundamental process that regulates essential T-cell functions including proliferation, clonal expansion and cytokine secretion. In this context, mitochondria play an important role and take up Ca2+ to support the elevated bioenergetic demands. Accordingly, alterations in the protein machinery that regulates mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) flux across the inner mitochondrial membrane; the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex, could be implicated in T-cell immunity. However, the exact role of mCa2+, and thus MCU in T-cells is not fully understood. Here, we show that upon activation of primary human CD4+ T-cells, the MCU complex undergoes a time-dependent compositional rearrangement that causes elevated mCa2+ uptake and increased mitochondrial bioenergetic output. Transcriptome and proteome analyses of naive and effector CD4+ T-cells reveal molecular determinants involved in mitochondrial and T-cell functional reprograming. Moreover, they identify genes, proteins and signaling pathways controlled by mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis i.e. the MCU. MCUa knockdown (KD) diminishes mCa2+, mitochondrial respiration and ATP production as well as T-cell invasion and cytokine secretion. In vivo, downregulation of MCUa in rat CD4+ T-cells suppresses autoimmune responses in a multiple sclerosis model of inflammatory experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In summary, our findings imply that mCa2+ uptake through MCU is essential for proper T-cell function and is involved in autoimmunity. Specific MCU inhibitors targeting T-cells could be beneficial for autoimmune suppression and control of immune system dysregulation.
2024-10-24 | PXD048682 | Pride
Project description:Mitochondrial calcium uniporter in pancreatic cancer metastasis and cystine adiction
| PRJNA821188 | ENA