Similar Datasets
Project description:Chromatin modifications are thought to provide additional context dependence for sequence-based gene activation. Binding sites of the transcription factor (TF) and important tumor suppressor p53 are unusually diverse with regards to their chromatin accessibility and histone modifications, suggesting different modes of binding. Here, we show that the ability of p53 to open chromatin and activate its target genes upon DNA damage is locally restricted by its cofactor Trim24. The histone-binding domains of Trim24 limit the role of p53 at closed chromatin but not at accessible chromatin where Trim24 is blocked by histone 3 methylation at lysine 4. In turn p53 regulates gene expression as a function of the naïve chromatin state prior to activation. These findings establish a set of p53 response genes in closed chromatin that are Trim24-regulated and illustrate how histone modification sensing cofactors bridge local chromatin state and TF potency.
2023-04-30 | GSE200582 | GEO
Project description:Chromatin modifications are thought to provide additional context dependence for sequence-based gene activation. Binding sites of the transcription factor (TF) and important tumor suppressor p53 are unusually diverse with regards to their chromatin accessibility and histone modifications, suggesting different modes of binding. Here, we show that the ability of p53 to open chromatin and activate its target genes upon DNA damage is locally restricted by its cofactor Trim24. The histone-binding domains of Trim24 limit the role of p53 at closed chromatin but not at accessible chromatin where Trim24 is blocked by histone 3 methylation at lysine 4. In turn p53 regulates gene expression as a function of the naïve chromatin state prior to activation. These findings establish a set of p53 response genes in closed chromatin that are Trim24-regulated and illustrate how histone modification sensing cofactors bridge local chromatin state and TF potency.
2023-04-30 | GSE200581 | GEO
Project description:Chromatin modifications are thought to provide additional context dependence for sequence-based gene activation. Binding sites of the transcription factor (TF) and important tumor suppressor p53 are unusually diverse with regards to their chromatin accessibility and histone modifications, suggesting different modes of binding. Here, we show that the ability of p53 to open chromatin and activate its target genes upon DNA damage is locally restricted by its cofactor Trim24. The histone-binding domains of Trim24 limit the role of p53 at closed chromatin but not at accessible chromatin where Trim24 is blocked by histone 3 methylation at lysine 4. In turn p53 regulates gene expression as a function of the naïve chromatin state prior to activation. These findings establish a set of p53 response genes in closed chromatin that are Trim24-regulated and illustrate how histone modification sensing cofactors bridge local chromatin state and TF potency.
2023-04-30 | GSE200580 | GEO
Project description:Chromatin opening by p53 is confined by Trim24 in a histone methylation-dependent manner
| PRJNA825465 | ENA
Project description:The genomic binding sites of the transcription factor (TF) and tumour suppressor p53 are unusually diverse in regards to their chromatin features, including histone modifications, opening the possibility that chromatin provides context-dependence for p53 regulation. Here, we show that the ability of p53 to open chromatin and activate its target genes is indeed locally restricted by its cofactor Trim24. Trim24 binds to both p53 and unmethylated lysine 4 of histone H3, thereby preferentially locating to those p53 sites that reside in closed chromatin, while it is deterred from accessible chromatin by lysine 4 methylation. The presence of Trim24 increases cell viability upon stress and enables p53 to impact gene expression as a function of the local chromatin state. These findings link histone methylation to p53 function and illustrate how specificity in chromatin can be achieved, not by TF-intrinsic sensitivity to histone modifications, but by employing chromatin-sensitive cofactors which locally modulate TF function.
2023-05-05 | PXD039553 | Pride
Project description:Chromatin opening by p53 is confined by Trim24 in a histone methylation-dependent manner [ATAC-seq]
| PRJNA825470 | ENA
Project description:Chromatin opening by p53 is confined by Trim24 in a histone methylation-dependent manner [RNA-seq]
| PRJNA825471 | ENA
Project description:Chromatin opening by p53 is confined by Trim24 in a histone methylation-dependent manner [ChIP-seq]
| PRJNA825472 | ENA
Project description:Histone methylation shapes the epigenetic configuration and adjusts multiple fundamental nuclear processes, including transcription, cell cycle control and DNA repair. The absence of histone demethylase LSD1/SPR-5 leads to progressive fertility defects as well as a reduction in brood size. Similarly, C. elegans LSD2 homolog AMX-1 has been implicated in regulating H3K4me2 and maintaining interstrand crosslinks (ICL) susceptibility. However, the mechanisms of how lack of AMX-1 induces sterility have not been addressed so far. This study investigated the histone demethylase AMX-1 in C. elegans and uncovered how amx-1 contributes to sterility in a p53/CEP-1 dependent manner. We show that while sterility in spr-5 mutants exhibited progressive over generations, amx-1 mutants displayed non-transgenerational fertility defects. Also, amx-1 mutants exhibited a reduced number of sperms and produced low brood size (LBS) or sterile worms that retain neither sperms nor germline nuclei, suggesting that fertility defects originated from germline development failure. Surprisingly, sterility exhibited in amx-1 was mediated by p53/CEP-1 function. Consistent with this result, upregulation of Piwi expression in amx-1 mutants suggested that AMX-1 is essential for germline development by regulating Piwi gene expressions. We propose that AMX-1 is required for proper Piwi expression and transposon silencing in a p53/CEP-1 dependent manner; thus, the absence of AMX-1 expression leads to defective meiotic development and sterility. This study elucidates how LSD2/AMX-1 contributes to sterility, therefore, expanding the boundaries of histone demethylase function.
| S-EPMC9280695 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) is an essential enzyme involved in numerous biological pathways, including DNA repair, DNA demethylation, and transcriptional activation. Despite these important functions, the mechanisms surrounding the actions and regulation of TDG are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that TDG induces phase separation of DNA and nucleosome arrays under physiologically relevant conditions in vitro and show that the resulting chromatin droplets exhibited behaviors typical of phase-separated liquids, supporting a liquid-liquid phase separation model. We also provide evidence that TDG has the capacity to form phase-separated condensates in the cell nucleus. The ability of TDG to induce chromatin phase separation is dependent on its intrinsically disordered N- and C-terminal domains, which in isolation, promote the formation of chromatin-containing droplets having distinct physical properties, consistent with their unique mechanistic roles in the phase separation process. Interestingly, DNA methylation alters the phase behavior of the disordered domains of TDG and compromises formation of chromatin condensates by full-length TDG, indicating that DNA methylation regulates the assembly and coalescence of TDG-mediated condensates. Overall, our results shed new light on the formation and physical nature of TDG-mediated chromatin condensates, which have broad implications for the mechanism and regulation of TDG and its associated genomic processes.
| S-EPMC10404674 | biostudies-literature