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Epigenome-wide association analysis on weighted life events in PD patients - discovery cohort

ABSTRACT: Background: Panic disorder (PD) is characterized by recurrent panic attacks and higher affection of women as compare to men. The lifetime prevalence of PD is about 2-3 % in the general population leading to tremendous distress and disability. Etiologically, genetic and environmental factors, such as stress, contribute to the onset and relapse of PD. In the present study, we investigated epigenome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) in respond to a cumulative, stress-weighted life events score (wLE) in patients with PD and its boundary to major depressive disorder (MDD), frequently co-occurring with symptoms of PD. Methods: DNAm was assessed by the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. In a meta-analytic approach, epigenome-wide DNAm changes in association with wLE were first analyzed in two PD cohorts (with a total sample size of 183 PD patients and 85 healthy controls) and lastly in 102 patients with MDD to identify possible overlapping and opposing effects of wLE on DNAm. Additionally, analysis of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) was conducted to identify regional clusters of association. Results: Two CpG-sites presented with p-values below 1x10-05 in PD: cg09738429 (p=6.40x10-06, located in an intergenic shore region in next proximity of PYROXD1) and cg03341655 (p=8.14x10-06, located in the exonic region of GFOD2). The association of DNAm at cg03341655 and wLE could be replicated in the independent MDD case sample indicating a diagnosis independent effect. Genes mapping to the top hits were significantly upregulated in brain and top hits have been implicated in the metabolic system. Additionally, two significant DMRs were identified for PD only on chromosome 10 and 18, including CpG-sites which have been reported to be associated with anxiety and other psychiatric phenotypes. Conclusion: This first DNAm analysis in PD reveals first evidence of small but significant DNAm changes in PD in association with cumulative stress-weighted life events. Most of the top associated CpG-sites are located in genes implicated in metabolic processes supporting the hypothesis that environmental stress contributes to health damaging changes by affecting a broad spectrum of systems in the body.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE200954 | GEO | 2022/04/22

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: Panic disorder (PD) is characterized by recurrent panic attacks and higher affection of women as compare to men. The lifetime prevalence of PD is about 2-3 % in the general population leading to tremendous distress and disability. Etiologically, genetic and environmental factors, such as stress, contribute to the onset and relapse of PD. In the present study, we investigated epigenome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) in respond to a cumulative, stress-weighted life events score (wLE) in patients with PD and its boundary to major depressive disorder (MDD), frequently co-occurring with symptoms of PD. Methods: DNAm was assessed by the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. In a meta-analytic approach, epigenome-wide DNAm changes in association with wLE were first analyzed in two PD cohorts (with a total sample size of 183 PD patients and 85 healthy controls) and lastly in 102 patients with MDD to identify possible overlapping and opposing effects of wLE on DNAm. Additionally, analysis of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) was conducted to identify regional clusters of association. Results: Two CpG-sites presented with p-values below 1x10-05 in PD: cg09738429 (p=6.40x10-06, located in an intergenic shore region in next proximity of PYROXD1) and cg03341655 (p=8.14x10-06, located in the exonic region of GFOD2). The association of DNAm at cg03341655 and wLE could be replicated in the independent MDD case sample indicating a diagnosis independent effect. Genes mapping to the top hits were significantly upregulated in brain and top hits have been implicated in the metabolic system. Additionally, two significant DMRs were identified for PD only on chromosome 10 and 18, including CpG-sites which have been reported to be associated with anxiety and other psychiatric phenotypes. Conclusion: This first DNAm analysis in PD reveals first evidence of small but significant DNAm changes in PD in association with cumulative stress-weighted life events. Most of the top associated CpG-sites are located in genes implicated in metabolic processes supporting the hypothesis that environmental stress contributes to health damaging changes by affecting a broad spectrum of systems in the body.

Project description:Background: It is well-established that cancer treatment substantially increases risk of long-term adverse health outcomes among childhood cancer survivors. However, there is limited research on the underlying mechanisms. To elucidate the pathophysiology and a possible causal pathway from treatment exposures to cardiometabolic conditions, we conducted epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) to identify DNA methylation (DNAm) sites associated with cancer treatment exposures and examined whether treatment-associated DNAm sites mediate associations between specific treatments and cardiometabolic conditions. Methods: We included 2,052 survivors (median age 33.7 years) of European ancestry from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study, a retrospective hospital-based study with prospective clinical follow-up. Cumulative doses of chemotherapy and region-specific radiation were abstracted from medical records. Seven cardiometabolic conditions were clinically assessed. DNAm profile was measured using MethylationEPIC BeadChip with blood-derived DNA. Results: By performing multiple treatment-specific EWAS, we identified 935 5’-cytosine-phosphate-guanine-3′ (CpG) sites mapped to 538 genes/regions associated with one or more cancer treatments at epigenome-wide significance level (P<9×10-8). Among the treatment-associated CpGs, 8 were associated with obesity, 63 with hypercholesterolemia, and 17 with hypertriglyceridemia (False-Discovery-Rate-Adjusted P<0.05). We observed substantial mediation by methylation at four independent CpGs (cg06963130, cg21922478, cg22976567, cg07403981) for association between abdominal field radiotherapy (abdominal-RT) and risk of hypercholesterolemia (70.3%) and by methylation at three CpGs (cg19634849, cg13552692, cg09853238) for association between abdominal-RT and hypertriglyceridemia (54.6%). In addition, three CpGs (cg26572901, cg12715065, cg21163477) partially mediated the association between brain-RT and obesity with 32.9% mediation effect and two CpGs mediated the association between corticosteroids and obesity (cg22351187, 14.2%) and between brain-RT and hypertriglyceridemia (cg13360224, 10.5%). Notably, several mediator CpGs reside in the proximity of well-established dyslipidemia genes: cg21922478 (ITGA1) and cg22976567 (LMNA). Conclusions: In childhood cancer survivors, cancer treatment exposures are associated with DNAm patterns present decades following the exposure. Treatment-associated DNAm sites may mediate the causal pathway from specific treatment exposures to certain cardiometabolic conditions, suggesting the utility of DNAm sites as risk predictors and potential mechanistic targets for future intervention studies.

Project description:DNA methylation (DNAm) plays diverse roles in human biology, but this dynamic epigenetic mark remains far from fully characterized. Although earlier studies uncovered loci that undergo age-associated DNAm changes in adults, little is known about such changes during childhood. Despite profound DNAm plasticity during embryogenesis and early development, monozygotic twins show indistinguishable childhood methylation, suggesting DNAm is highly coordinated during the pediatric period. Here we examine the methylation of 27,578 CpG dinucleotides in peripheral blood DNA from 398 boys, aged 3 to 17 years, and find significant age-associated changes in DNAm at 2,078 loci. We report a deficit of such loci on the X chromosome, a preference for specific nucleotides immediately surrounding the interrogated CpG dinucleotide, and a primary association with developmental and immune ontological functions. These pediatric age-associated loci overlap significantly with those previously identified in adults (p < 0.001) but most of the pediatric loci are unique, suggesting many are childhood-specific. Meta-analysis (n = 1080) with two adult studies reveals that the methylation changes in 29.5% of the age-associated pediatric loci follow a linear pattern from childhood into adulthood; however, we also find a three-fold higher rate of change in children compared with adults and that a higher proportion of lifelong changes are more accurately modeled as a function of logarithmic age. We therefore conclude that DNAm changes occur more rapidly during childhood and are imperfectly accounted for by statistical corrections that are linear in age, further suggesting that future DNAm studies are matched closely for age. Age associated DNA methylation was evaluated at each CpG locus using a fixed-effects linear regression model adjusting for BeadChip as a covariate to account for batch effects. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted for each CpG locus to assess the age affect at each CpG locus which was subsequently corrected for multiple hypotheses using a Benjamini-Hochberg FDR. SUPPLEMENTARY FILES: * Matrix_AllSampleDetection.txt: Detection P-values for each sample and each loci * Matrix_AllSampleSignal.txt: Signal for Probe A and Probe B for each sample and each loci * Matrix_Non-Normalized_AllSampleBeta.txt: Beta values calculated using GenomeStudio v2010.3 Methylation Module 1.8.5 as Signal of Probe B / (Signal of Probe A + Signal of Probe B + 100) * Matrix_Normalized_AllSampleBetaPrime.txt: Beta Prime values used for analysis calculated from the Probe B and Probe A signals as Beta Prime = Signal of Probe B / (Signal of Probe A + Signal of Probe A)

Project description:Background: Measurement of genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) has become an important avenue for investigating potentially functional changes in various pathological conditions. Illumina Infinium is a relatively inexpensive and user-friendly DNAm microarray platform used by many researchers to measure DNAm on a large scale. However it has been suggested that a subset of probes may give rise to misleading results due to issues related to probe design. To facilitate biologically significant data interpretation, we set out to enhance probe annotation of the newest HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array (with >485,000 probes covering 99% of RefSeq genes). Results: Annotation that was added or expanded on includes 1) SNPs documented in the probe target, 2) probe binding specificity, 3) CpG classification of target sites and 4) gene feature classification of target sites. Probes with documented SNPs within 10bp of the target site and especially those with documented SNPs at the target CpG, were associated with increased within-tissue variation in DNAm. An example of a probe with a SNP at the target CpG was used to demonstrate how sample genotype can confound the measurement of DNAm. 8.6% of probes were identified as non-specific, in other words, these probes map to multiple locations in silico. DNAm measured from these non-specific probes likely represents a combination of DNAm from multiple genomic sites. The expanded biological annotation demonstrated that based on DNAm, grouping probes by alternative CpG classes rather than UCSC islands provides a more distinctive classification system of CpG sites. Finally variable enrichment for tissue-specific differentially methylated probes was noted across CpG classes and gene feature groups, depending on the tissues that were compared. Conclusion: Probes containing SNPs and non-specific probes may affect the assessment of DNAm using the 450k array. Additionally CpG enrichment classes and to a lesser extent gene feature groups were associated with distinct patterns of DNAm. Thus, we recommend that confounded probes be removed from analyses and that genomic trends be considered in analyses of the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. DNAm arrays offer a powerful approach for which thoughtful use of probe content can be utilized to better understand the biological processes affected. Bisulfite converted DNA from 4 buccal, 4 blood and 4 chorionic villus samples was hybridized to the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array.

Project description:****************************************************************** 450k ARRAY EXPANDED ANNOTATION PLATFORM: SEARCH GPL16304 ****************************************************************** Background: Measurement of genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) has become an important avenue for investigating potentially functional changes in various pathological conditions. Illumina Infinium is a relatively inexpensive and user-friendly DNAm microarray platform used by many researchers to measure DNAm on a large scale. However it has been suggested that a subset of probes may give rise to misleading results due to issues related to probe design. To facilitate biologically significant data interpretation, we set out to enhance probe annotation of the newest HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array (with >485,000 probes covering 99% of RefSeq genes). Results: Annotation that was added or expanded on includes 1) SNPs documented in the probe target, 2) probe binding specificity, 3) CpG classification of target sites and 4) gene feature classification of target sites. Probes with documented SNPs within 10bp of the target site and especially those with documented SNPs at the target CpG, were associated with increased within-tissue variation in DNAm. An example of a probe with a SNP at the target CpG was used to demonstrate how sample genotype can confound the measurement of DNAm. 8.6% of probes were identified as non-specific, in other words, these probes map to multiple locations in silico. DNAm measured from these non-specific probes likely represents a combination of DNAm from multiple genomic sites. The expanded biological annotation demonstrated that based on DNAm, grouping probes by alternative CpG classes rather than UCSC islands provides a more distinctive classification system of CpG sites. Finally variable enrichment for tissue-specific differentially methylated probes was noted across CpG classes and gene feature groups, depending on the tissues that were compared. Conclusion: Probes containing SNPs and non-specific probes may affect the assessment of DNAm using the 450k array. Additionally CpG enrichment classes and to a lesser extent gene feature groups were associated with distinct patterns of DNAm. Thus, we recommend that confounded probes be removed from analyses and that genomic trends be considered in analyses of the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. DNAm arrays offer a powerful approach for which thoughtful use of probe content can be utilized to better understand the biological processes affected.

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Epigenome-wide association analysis on weighted life events in PD patients - discovery cohort

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