Effect of antivirals in NPCs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE201156 | GEO | 2023/05/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Classical antiviral therapy inhibit viral proteins and are subject to resistance. To counteract this emergence, alternative strategy has been developed that target cellular factors. We hypothesized that such approach could also be useful to identify broad antivirals. Influenza A virus was used as a model for viral diversity and need for therapy against unpredictable viruses as recently underlined by the H1N1 pandemic. We proposed to identify a gene-expression signature associated with infection with different influenza A virus subtypes which could help to identify potential antiviral drugs with broad spectrum. Cellular gene expression response to infection with five different human and avian influenza viruses strains was analyzed and 300 genes were determined as differentially expressed between infected and non-infected samples. Strikingly, only a few genes were induced by infection and related to immune response. A more concise list was used to screen connectivity map, a database of drug-associated gene expression profiles, for molecules with inverse profiles than the signature of infection. We hypothesized that such compounds would induce an unfavorable cellular environment for influenza virus replication. Eight potential antivirals including ribavirin were identified, and six inhibited influenza viral growth in vitro. The new pandemic H1N1 virus, which was not used to define the gene expression signature of infection, was inhibited by five of the eight identified molecules, demonstrating that this strategy could help to identify broad spectrum antivirals. This is the first study showing that a gene expression based-screening can be used to identify antivirals. Such approaches could accelerate the drug discovery progress and could be extended to other pathogens. A549 (human lung epithelial cells) were infected with 5 different influenza A strains (A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1), A/Moscow/10/99 (H3N2), A/Lyon/969/09 (H1N1 SOI-V), A/Turkey/582/2006 (H5N1), A/Finch/England/2051/94 (H5N2), and A/Chicken/Italy/2076/99 (H7N1)) or mock infected. Five independant replicates were done and hybridized on a different microarray. The overall design is thus composed of 5 mock samples, and 5x5 infected samples.
2011-03-22 | E-GEOD-22319 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Classical antiviral therapy inhibit viral proteins and are subject to resistance. To counteract this emergence, alternative strategy has been developed that target cellular factors. We hypothesized that such approach could also be useful to identify broad antivirals. Influenza A virus was used as a model for viral diversity and need for therapy against unpredictable viruses as recently underlined by the H1N1 pandemic. We proposed to identify a gene-expression signature associated with infection with different influenza A virus subtypes which could help to identify potential antiviral drugs with broad spectrum. Cellular gene expression response to infection with five different human and avian influenza viruses strains was analyzed and 300 genes were determined as differentially expressed between infected and non-infected samples. Strikingly, only a few genes were induced by infection and related to immune response. A more concise list was used to screen connectivity map, a database of drug-associated gene expression profiles, for molecules with inverse profiles than the signature of infection. We hypothesized that such compounds would induce an unfavorable cellular environment for influenza virus replication. Eight potential antivirals including ribavirin were identified, and six inhibited influenza viral growth in vitro. The new pandemic H1N1 virus, which was not used to define the gene expression signature of infection, was inhibited by five of the eight identified molecules, demonstrating that this strategy could help to identify broad spectrum antivirals. This is the first study showing that a gene expression based-screening can be used to identify antivirals. Such approaches could accelerate the drug discovery progress and could be extended to other pathogens.
2011-03-22 | GSE22319 | GEO
Project description:Broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors targeting pandemic potential RNA viruses
| PRJNA811814 | ENA
Project description:Flaviviruses, particularly Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and West Nile virus (WNV), are important causes of virus-induced central nervous system (CNS) disease in humans. We used microarray analysis to identify cellular genes that are differentially regulated following infection of the brain with JEV (P3) or WNV (New York 99). Gene expression data for these flaviviruses was compared to that induced following infection of the brain with reovirus (Type 3 Dearing), an unrelated neurotropic virus. Although several studies have described gene expression changes following virus infection of the brain, this report is the first to directly compare large-scale gene expression data from different viruses. We found that a large number of genes were up-regulated in common to infections with all 3 viruses (fold change > 2, P < 0.001), including genes associated with interferon signaling, the immune system, inflammation and cell death/survival signaling. In addition, genes associated with glutamate signaling were down-regulated in common to infections with all 3 viruses (fold change > 2, P < 0.001). These genes may serve broad spectrum therapeutic targets for virus-induced CNS disease. A distinct set of genes were up-regulated following flavivirus-infection, but not following infection with reovirus. These genes were associated with tRNA charging and may serve as therapeutic targets for flavivirus-induce CNS disease. Gene expression in the brain following WNV or JEV infection. WNV- or JEV-infected (N=3) vs. mock-infected (N=3) mouse brain.
2014-01-03 | E-GEOD-53784 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Targeted protein degradation (TPD), as exemplified by proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC), is a prominent paradigm in drug discovery. In this study, we applied conventional and novel PROTAC approaches to develop broad-spectrum antivirals (targeting key host factors for many different viruses) and virus-specific antivirals (targeting unique viral proteins). With respect to host-directed antivirals, we identified a small molecule degrader, FM-74-103, with pan-antiviral activities, as shown by inhibiting both RNA and DNA viruses. FM-74-103 elicits the selective degradation of human GSPT1, a translation termination factor, which further shuts down translation initiation. With respect to virus-specific antivirals, we developed viral RNA oligonucleotide-based bifunctional molecules (Destroyers). We provided proof-ofprinciple that RNA mimics of viral promoter sequences can be used as molecular glues to recruit viral polymerase (vPOL) and target it for degradation. Collectively, this study shows that TPD can be exploited to rationally design and develop the next generations of antivirals.
2023-06-15 | PXD042352 | Pride
Project description:Flaviviruses, particularly Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and West Nile virus (WNV), are important causes of virus-induced central nervous system (CNS) disease in humans. We used microarray analysis to identify cellular genes that are differentially regulated following infection of the brain with JEV (P3) or WNV (New York 99). Gene expression data for these flaviviruses was compared to that induced following infection of the brain with reovirus (Type 3 Dearing), an unrelated neurotropic virus. Although several studies have described gene expression changes following virus infection of the brain, this report is the first to directly compare large-scale gene expression data from different viruses. We found that a large number of genes were up-regulated in common to infections with all 3 viruses (fold change > 2, P < 0.001), including genes associated with interferon signaling, the immune system, inflammation and cell death/survival signaling. In addition, genes associated with glutamate signaling were down-regulated in common to infections with all 3 viruses (fold change > 2, P < 0.001). These genes may serve broad spectrum therapeutic targets for virus-induced CNS disease. A distinct set of genes were up-regulated following flavivirus-infection, but not following infection with reovirus. These genes were associated with tRNA charging and may serve as therapeutic targets for flavivirus-induce CNS disease.
2014-01-03 | GSE53784 | GEO
Project description:To elucidate the potential role of commensal viruses in the etiology of AR, we performed a metagenomic analysis of nasal lavage fluid (NLF) to identify commensal viruses in the nose of mice colonizing in the specific pathogen-free (SPF) circumstances (Vehicle group). To evaluate the potential role of these commensal viruses, we reduced them in the nose of mice by administrating intranasal drops of broad-spectrum antiviral drug ribavirin daily, starting at 4-week-old and lasting for three weeks (Ribavirin group).
2024-08-21 | GSE271863 | GEO
Project description:Incursions of new pathogenic viruses into humans from animal reservoirs are occurring with alarming frequency. The molecular underpinnings of immune recognition, host responses, and pathogenesis in this setting arepoorly understood. We studied pandemic influenza viruses to determine the mechanism by which increasing glycosylation during evolution of surface proteins facilitates diminished pathogenicity in adapted viruses. ER stressduring infection with poorly glycosylated pandemic strains activated the unfolded protein response, leading to inflammation, acute lung injury, and mortality. Seasonal strains or viruses engineered to mimic adapted viruses displaying excess glycans on the hemagglutinin did not cause ER stress, allowing preservation of the lungs and survival. We propose that ER stress resultingfrom recognition of non-adapted viruses is utilized to discriminate “non-self” at the level of protein-processing and to activate immune responses, with unintended consequences on pathogenesis. Understanding this mechanism should improve strategies for treating acute lung injury from zoonotic viral infections. Lung transcription analysis of Influenza A virus infected mice.
2015-07-06 | E-GEOD-65075 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Here we describe a new class of immunostimulatory short duplex RNAs that potently induce production of type I interferon (IFN-I), and particularly IFN-β, in a wide range of human cell types via end-to-end dimerization, direct binding to RIG-I, and activation of the RIG-I/IRF3 pathway. These RNAs require a minimum of 20 base pairs, lack any sequence or structural characteristics of known immunostimulatory RNAs, and instead require a unique conserved sequence motif (sense strand: 5’-C, antisense strand: 3’-GGG) that mediates the self-assembly of end-to-end RNA dimers by Hoogsteen G-G base-pairing. The presence of terminal hydroxyl or monophosphate groups, blunt or overhanging ends, or terminal RNA or DNA bases also did not affect their ability to induce IFN-I production. Immune stimulation mediated by these duplex RNAs results in broad spectrum inhibition of infections by many respiratory viruses with pandemic potential, including SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and influenza A, as well as the common cold virus HCoV-NL63 in cell lines and in human Lung Chips that mimic organlevel lung pathophysiology. These novel immunostimulatory motifs potentially could be harnessed to create broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics, but they should be avoided when designing siRNAs to minimize immunological side effects.
2021-08-12 | GSE181827 | GEO
Project description:Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that exploit the host metabolic machineries to meet their extraordinary biosynthetic demands. Integrative transcriptomic and lipidomic profiling confirmed that Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection reprograms the host lipid metabolism. By exploring a bioactive lipid library, we identified a tool compound, AM580 which is highly potent in interrupting the life cycle of diverse viruses including MERS-CoV and influenza A virus.</br> Using click chemistry, the sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) was identified as the primary cellular target of AM580 which accounts for its broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Mechanistic studies pinpoint multiple SREBP proteolytic processes and SREBP-regulated lipid biosynthesis pathways, including the downstream viral protein palmitoylation and double-membrane vesicles formation, that are indispensable for virus replication. Collectively, our study identifies a basic lipogenic transactivation event with broad relevance to human viral infections and represents SREBP as an ideal target for the development of broad-spectrum intervention strategies.
2018-11-26 | MTBLS762 | MetaboLights