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Targeting Krebs-cycle-deficient renal cell carcinoma with Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase inhibitors and low-dose alkylating chemotherapy

ABSTRACT: Loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding the Krebs cycle enzymes Fumarate Hydratase (FH) and Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH) induce accumulation of fumarate and succinate, respectively and predispose patients to hereditary cancer syndromes including the development of aggressive renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Fumarate and succinate competitively inhibit αKG-dependent dioxygenases, including Lysine-specific demethylase 4A/B (KDM4A/B), leading to suppression of the homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair pathway. In this study, we evaluated novel treatment approaches in newly generated models of FH- and SDHB-deficient RCC.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE204846 | GEO | 2022/05/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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A Renal CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (R-CIMP) in Kidney Tumors Associated with Germline Mutations of FH and SDHB

Project description:Germline mutations within the Krebs cycle enzyme genes fumarate hydratase (FH) or succinate dehydrogenase (SDHB, SDHC, SDHD) have been associated with an increased risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). These RCCs are characterized by loss of enzyme activity and significantly increased levels of intracellular fumarate or succinate that are predicted to inhibit 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, such as the TET enzymes that regulate DNA methylation. These tumors represent aggressive forms of RCC that can metastasize early and require specific patient management and treatment. Therefore, identifying effective and accurate methods for diagnosing these tumors is very beneficial. This study evaluated and compared the genome-wide methylation profiles of 33 RCCs from patients with RCC susceptibility syndromes, 10 associated normal samples and 13 cell-line models using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip assay. Fifteen tumors derived from patients with germline FH (n=9) or SDHB (n=6) mutations demonstrated a distinct pattern of hypermethylation (R-CIMP) with enrichment for hypermethylation within the CpG island regions. A small, selected panel of probes was characterized that could identify R-CIMP and distinguish between FH and SDHB tumors. Cell-line models derived from HLRCC (n=3) or SDHB (n=1) kidney tumors demonstrated similar patterns of hypermethylation to the tumors, yet re-expression of either wild-type FH or SDHB did not alter the hypermethylation pattern. Treatment of the cell line models with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine resulted in reduced rates of invasion.

2020-10-31 | GSE126441 | GEO

Expression data from mouse kidney epithelial cells

Project description:Fumarate hydratase (FH) is the enzyme in the Krebs cycle, which transforms fumarate to malate. Loss of fumarate hyrdragase leads to hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC). The biallelic inactivation has been highly accumulated in FH-deficient cells and is considered a major pro-oncogenic factor for HLRCC tumorigenesis. We used microarrays to understand the global readaptation of cell metabolism of gene expression underlying the truncated Krebs cycle by loss of function of fumarate hydratase. The fumarate hydratase wild type and knock out cells were generated for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.

2014-11-19 | E-GEOD-63438 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression data from mouse kidney epithelial cells

2014-11-19 | GSE63438 | GEO

Gene expression analysis of SDH-deficient immortalized kidney epithelial cells

Project description:Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is a mitochondrial protein complex responsible for the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Loss-of-function mutations in any of the SDH genes are associated with susceptibility to develop neu-roendrocrine neoplasms and renal cell carcinoma. However, the impact of SDH loss on cell metabolism and the mechanisms enabling growth of SDH-defective cells are largely unexplored. To address this issue we generated Sdhb-ablated kidney mouse cells and compared their transcriptomic profile with that of Sdhb-proficient cells. Results of this gene analysis are provided in the here deposited gene array.

2016-01-22 | E-MTAB-4349 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Targeting Krebs-cycle-deficient renal cell carcinoma with Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase inhibitors and low-dose alkylating chemotherapy

Project description:In this study, we evaluated novel treatment approaches in newly generated models of FH- and SDHB-deficient RCC. CRISPR/Cas9 was used to engineer isogenic Fh1- and Sdhb-deficient murine models of RCC. RNA-Seq was used to profile this model.

2022-04-21 | GSE201008 | GEO

An antioxidant response phenotype is shared between hereditary and sporadic type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma

Project description:Fumarate hydratase (FH) mutation causes hereditary type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC, Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer (MM ID # 605839)). The main effect of FH mutation is fumarate accumulation. The current paradigm posits that the main consequence of fumarate accumulation is HIF-a stabilization. Paradoxically, FH mutation differs from other HIF-a stabilizing mutations, such as VHL and SDH mutations, in its associated tumor types. We identified that fumarate can directly up-regulate antioxidant response element (ARE)-controlled genes. We demonstrated that AKR1B10 is an ARE-controlled gene and is up-regulated upon FH knockdown as well as in FH-null cell lines. AKR1B10 overexpression is also a prominent feature in both hereditary and sporadic PRCC2. This phenotype better explains the similarities between hereditary and sporadic PRCC2. Expression profiling renal normal and tumor tissue

2011-10-17 | E-GEOD-26574 | biostudies-arrayexpress

An antioxidant response phenotype is shared between hereditary and sporadic type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma

2011-10-18 | GSE26574 | GEO

Multi-Omics Analysis and Molecular Subtypes Provide Potential Therapeutic Implications in Fumarate Hydratase-deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma

Project description:Conducting an in-depth exploration of the multi-omics landscape of Fumarate Hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the study aimed to unravel the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying this rare and aggressive form of renal cancer. Analyzing 126 patients with FH-deficient RCC, we identified distinct variant spectrum of FH gene, with truncating mutation correlated with adverse prognostic factors and a worse response to immune checkpoint blockade. The identification of three molecular subtypes with diverse clinical/genomic characteristics and varying response to systemic treatment further enriched the understanding of the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (particularly immune-related) in FH-deficient RCC, and suggested potential therapeutic targets. These findings offer a basis for molecular stratification, shedding light on the tailored therapeutic strategies in improving treatment response of FH-deficient RCC.

2024-10-20 | GSE273036 | GEO

Transcription profiling of human uterine fibroids and normal myometrium

Project description:Defects in mitochondrial enzymes predispose to severe developmental defects as well as tumorigenesis. Heterozygous germline mutations in the nuclear gene encoding fumarate hydratase (FH), an enzyme catalyzing the hydration of fumarate in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle, cause hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer; yet the connection between disruption of mitochondrial metabolic pathways and neoplasia remains to be discovered. We have used an expression microarray approach for studying differences in global gene expression pattern caused by mutations in FH. Seven uterine fibroids carrying FH mutations were compared with 15 fibroids with wild-type FH. The two groups showed markedly different expression profiles, and multiple differentially expressed genes were detected. The most significant increase in FH mutants was seen in the expression of carbohydrate metabolism- and glycolysis-related genes. Other significantly up-regulated gene categories in FH mutants were, for example, iron ion homeostasis and oxidoreduction. Genes with lower expression in FH-mutant fibroids belonged to groups such as extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, muscle development and cell contraction. We show that FH mutations alter significantly the expression profiles of fibroids, most strikingly increasing the expression of genes involved in glycolysis.

2007-10-02 | E-GEOD-2724 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Distinct succinate modifying products are clinically diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for fumarate hydratase deficient renal cell carcinoma

Project description:<p>Germline or somatic loss-of-function of fumarate hydratase (FH) predisposes patients to an aggressive form of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Since other than tumor resection, there is no effective therapy for FH-deficient RCC, a competent method for early diagnosis and for early detection of recurrent and metastatic disease is an unmet clinical need. Currently, at best, an annual MRI scan is offered, though typically, MRI is used for symptomatic patients only. Therefore, finding specific and sensitive biomarkers suitable for routine and simple screens is crucial for improving the clinical outcome of these patients. Taking advantage of the robust metabolic rewiring that occurs in FH-deficient cells, we performed a large-scale study of plasma metabolomics comparing FH-deficient RCC patients to no-tumor control individuals or to wildtype FH RCC patients. Our results indicated two fumarate-derived metabolites, succinyl-adenosine and succinic-cysteine, to be outstanding plasma biomarkers for early diagnosis, with a positive predictive value of more than 90%. Furthermore, using pre-clinical and biochemical studies, we identified the enzymatic mechanisms by which these biomarkers are produced in and around the tumors. </p>

2022-08-12 | MTBLS3628 | MetaboLights

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