Regulation of blood-brain barrier by astrocyte through mitochondrial transfer II
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE206414 | GEO | 2024/07/31
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The subset of astrocytes that express Dmp1 were considered to wrap around blood vessels. We used scRNA-seq to investigate the mobility of mitochondria from astrocytesDMP1.
2024-07-31 | GSE205671 | GEO
Project description:Previous data revealed the role of Mfn2 in mediating mitochondrial transfer from a subset of astrocytes that express Dmp1 to cerebrovascular endothelial cells. We used scRNA-seq to investigate the role of Mfn2-mediated mitochondrial transfer in endothelial cell functions.
2024-07-31 | GSE210187 | GEO
Project description:MartínJiménez2017 - Genome-scale reconstruction of the human astrocyte metabolic network
This model is described in the article:
Genome-Scale Reconstruction
of the Human Astrocyte Metabolic Network.
Martín-Jiménez CA,
Salazar-Barreto D, Barreto GE, González J.
Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9: 23
Abstract:
Astrocytes are the most abundant cells of the central
nervous system; they have a predominant role in maintaining
brain metabolism. In this sense, abnormal metabolic states have
been found in different neuropathological diseases.
Determination of metabolic states of astrocytes is difficult to
model using current experimental approaches given the high
number of reactions and metabolites present. Thus, genome-scale
metabolic networks derived from transcriptomic data can be used
as a framework to elucidate how astrocytes modulate human brain
metabolic states during normal conditions and in
neurodegenerative diseases. We performed a Genome-Scale
Reconstruction of the Human Astrocyte Metabolic Network with
the purpose of elucidating a significant portion of the
metabolic map of the astrocyte. This is the first global
high-quality, manually curated metabolic reconstruction network
of a human astrocyte. It includes 5,007 metabolites and 5,659
reactions distributed among 8 cell compartments,
(extracellular, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticle,
Golgi apparatus, lysosome, peroxisome and nucleus). Using the
reconstructed network, the metabolic capabilities of human
astrocytes were calculated and compared both in normal and
ischemic conditions. We identified reactions activated in these
two states, which can be useful for understanding the
astrocytic pathways that are affected during brain disease.
Additionally, we also showed that the obtained flux
distributions in the model, are in accordance with
literature-based findings. Up to date, this is the most
complete representation of the human astrocyte in terms of
inclusion of genes, proteins, reactions and metabolic pathways,
being a useful guide for in-silico analysis of several
metabolic behaviors of the astrocyte during normal and
pathologic states.
This model is hosted on
BioModels Database
and identified by:
MODEL1608180000.
To cite BioModels Database, please use:
BioModels Database:
An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published
quantitative kinetic models.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to
the public domain worldwide. Please refer to
CC0
Public Domain Dedication for more information.
2017-05-18 | MODEL1608180000 | BioModels
Project description:Astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the central nervous system, promote synapse formation and help refine neural connectivity. Although they are allocated to spatially distinct regional domains during development, it is unknown whether region-restricted astrocytes are functionally heterogeneous. Here we show that postnatal spinal cord astrocytes express several region-specific genes, and that ventral astrocyte-encoded Semaphorin3a (Sema3a) is required for proper motor neuron and sensory neuron circuit organization. Loss of astrocyte-encoded Sema3a led to dysregulated α−motor neuron axon initial segment orientation, markedly abnormal synaptic inputs, and selective death of α−but not of adjacent γ−motor neurons. Additionally, a subset of TrkA+ sensory afferents projected to ectopic ventral positions. These findings demonstrate that stable maintenance of a positional cue by developing astrocytes influences multiple aspects of sensorimotor circuit formation. More generally, they suggest that regional astrocyte heterogeneity may help to coordinate postnatal neural circuit refinement. 12 total samples consisting of three biological replicates each of flow sorted postnatal day 7 dorsal spinal cord astrocytes, ventral spinal cord astrocytes, dorsal SC non astrocytes, and ventral SC non astrocytes
2014-05-02 | E-GEOD-55054 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:CHMP2B mutant astrocytes revealed an accumulation of autophagosomes, which trigger the observed astrocyte reactivity leading to increased cytokine release, altered mitochondria dynamics and metabolic changes.
2021-10-04 | GSE141388 | GEO
Project description:Astrocytes, a major cell type found throughout the central nervous system have general roles in neuronal development, blood-brain barrier function, regulation of neuroimmune responses as well as metabolic support of other brain resident cells. Here we show that a distinct subtype of reactive astrocyte is induced by activated endothelial cells and is distinct from astrocytes classically activated by neuroinflammatory microglia. We show that activated endothelial cells strongly induce C3 + astrocytes that retain their phagocytic capacity while exhibiting a gain of neurotoxic function decreasing neuronal cell survival. We show that endothelial activated astrocytes have increased A1-astrocytic genes and exhibit a distinctive extracellular matrix remodeling profile. Finally, we show that endothelial activated astrocytes are Decorin positive and are associated to vascular amyloid deposits but not amyloid plaques in mouse models and AD/CAA patients. Taken together these findings show the existence of potentially extensive and subtle functional diversity of A1-reactive astrocytes. Astrocytes treated with Control or Activated Microglia or Endothelial Conditioned media
2022-03-18 | GSE180106 | GEO
Project description:Chromosomes and genes are non-randomly arranged within the mammalian cell nucleus. Clustering of genes is of great significance in transcriptional regulation. However, the relevance of gene clustering in their expression during differentiation of neural precursor cells (NPCs) into astrocytes remains unclear. We performed a genome-wide enhanced circular chromosomal conformation capture (e4C) to screen genes associated with an astrocyte-specific gene, glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap), during astrocyte differentiation. We identified 13 genes that were specifically associated with Gfap and expressed in NPC-derived astrocytes. These results provide evidence for functional significance of gene clustering in transcriptional regulation during NPCs differentiation. comparison of NPCs vs LIF+ vs LIF- cells.
2015-02-20 | E-GEOD-66097 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Analysis of gene expression by astrocytes or non-astrocyte cells in spinal cord injury (SCI) lesions may lead to the identification of molecules that impact on axon regrowth. We conducted genome-wide RNA sequencing of (i) immunoprecipitated astrocyte-specific ribosome-associated RNA (ramRNA) from WT or STAT3-CKO astrocytes, and (ii) the non-precipitated (flow-through) RNA deriving from non-astrocyte cells in the same tissue samples 14 days following SCI. DOI: 10.1038/nature17623 Young adult female mGFAP-Cre-RiboTag or mGFAP-Cre-RiboTag-STAT3-LoxP mice underwent severe crush SCI at thoracic level 10. 14 days following SCI, the central 3mm of the SCI lesion was extracted, homogenized and (i) astrocyte-specific ribosome-associated RNA (ramRNA) precipitated via a hemagglutinin (HA) tag targeted to either WT (n=4) or STAT3-CKO (n=3) astrocytes, and (ii) the non-precipitated (flow-through) RNA deriving from non-astrocyte cells in the same tissue samples. Sex and age-matched mGFAP-Cre-RiboTag mice served as uninjured controls (n=4).
2016-03-30 | E-GEOD-76097 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Profiling of transcriptional changes in rat astrocytes when co-cultured with neurons: comparison of astrocytes cultured alone with astrocytes co-cultured with mouse hippocampal neurons. Co-cultured astrocytes are isolated using cold jet, a novel tool for these neuron-glia cultures. Over the last decade, the importance of astrocyte-neuron communication in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity has become increasingly clear. Since neuron-astrocyte interactions represent highly dynamic and reciprocal processes, we hypothesized that at least part of the involved astrocyte genes may be regulated as a consequence of their interactions with maturing neurons. In order to identify such neuron-induced astrocyte genes in vitro, we tested the effectiveness of the ‘cold jet’, a new method for separation of neurons from co-cultured astrocytes. The cold jet method is performed under ice-cold conditions and avoids protease-mediated isolation of astrocytes or time-consuming centrifugation, yielding intact astrocyte mRNA with approximately 90% of neuronal RNA removed. Using this method, we executed genome-wide profiling in which RNA derived from astrocyte-only cultures was compared with astrocyte RNA derived from differentiating neuron-astrocyte co-cultures. Data analysis revealed changes in expression of a large number of mRNAs and biological processes, including novel findings. Thus, cold jet is an efficient method to separate astrocytes from neurons in co-culture, and in this study reveals that neurons induce robust gene-expression changes in co-cultured astrocytes.
2016-11-09 | GSE52481 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondria are the powerhouse of eukaryotic cells, which regulate cell metabolism and differentiation. Recently, mitochondrial transfer between cells has been shown to direct recipient cell fate. However, it is unclear whether mitochondria can translocate to stem cells and whether this transfer alters stem cell fate. Here, we examined mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) regulation by macrophages in the bone marrow environment. We found that macrophages promote osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by delivering mitochondria to MSCs. However, under osteoporotic conditions, macrophages with altered phenotypes and metabolic statuses release oxidatively damaged mitochondria. The transfer of dysfunctional mitochondria to MSCs triggers a reactive oxygen species burst, which leads to metabolic remodeling. We showed that abnormal metabolism in MSCs is caused by the abnormal succinate accumulation, which is a key factor in abnormal osteogenic differentiation. These results reveal that mitochondrial transfer from macrophages to MSCs allows metabolic crosstalk to regulate bone homeostasis. This mechanism identifies a potential target for the treatment of osteoporosis.
2022-09-11 | GSE198806 | GEO