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VISTA targeting of T cell quiescence and myeloid suppression overcomes adaptive resistance

ABSTRACT: VISTA is a premier target for cancer treatment due to its broad expression in many cancer types and enhanced expression upon development of adaptive immune checkpoint resistance. Mechanisms of enhanced anti-tumor immunity were investigated using scRNAseq of the tumor immune infiltrate.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE206835 | GEO | 2022/06/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Inhibition of lung tumorigenesis by a small molecule CA170 targeting the immune checkpoint protein VISTA

Project description:Expressed on cells of the myeloid and lymphoid lineages, V-domain Ig Suppressor of T cell Activation (VISTA) is an emerging target for cancer immunotherapy. Blocking VISTA activates both innate and adaptive immunity to eradicate tumors in mice. Using a tripeptide small molecule antagonist of VISTA CA170, we found that it exhibited potent anticancer efficacy on carcinogen-induced mouse lung tumorigenesis. Remarkably, lung tumor development was almost completely suppressed when CA170 was combined with an MHCII-directed Kras peptide vaccine. Flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed that CA170 increased CD8+ T cell infiltration and enhanced their effector functions by decreasing the tumor infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Regulatory T (Treg) cells, while the Kras vaccine primarily induced expansion of CD4+ effector T cells. VISTA antagonism by CA170 revealed strong efficacy against lung tumorigenesis with broad immunoregulatory functions that influence effector, memory and regulatory T cells, and drives an adaptive T cell tumor-specific immune response that enhances the efficacy of the Kras vaccine.

2021-06-04 | GSE176091 | GEO

VISTA targeting of T cell quiescence and myeloid suppression overcomes adaptive resistance

Project description:VISTA targeting of T cell quiescence and myeloid suppression overcomes adaptive resistance

| PRJNA852275 | ENA

LRIG1 engages ligand VISTA and impairs tumor-specific CD8+ T cell responses

Project description:Cancer immunotherapies boost antitumor immunity and improve the survival of cancer patients. V-domain Immunoglobulin Suppressor of T cell Activation (VISTA) is an immune 20 checkpoint target but presents elusive signaling mechanisms. We report a novel VISTA binding partner, Leucine-Rich Repeats and Immunoglobulin Like Domains 1 (LRIG1), which acts as an inhibitory receptor by engaging VISTA and suppressing T cell receptor signaling pathways. Mice with T cell-specific LRIG1 deletion developed superior antitumor T cell responses. Mechanistically, LRIG1-deficient tumor-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) exhibited longer 25 persistence due to improved expansion and survival and greater effector function. Sustained tumor control was also associated with a reduction of quiescent CTLs (TCF1+ CD62Lhi PD-1low) and a reciprocal increase in progenitor and memory-like CTLs (TCF1+ PD-1+). In human melanoma, an elevated LRIG1 expression on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ CTLs correlated with resistance to immunotherapies. Taken together, these results delineate the role of LRIG1 as an inhibitory 30 immune checkpoint receptor and propose a rationale for targeting the VISTA/LRIG1 axis for cancer immunotherapy.

2024-10-17 | PXD050084 | Pride

RNA of murine macrophages and neutrophils treated with LPS and VISTA

Project description:V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA) has emerged as a unique immunoregulatory receptor on cells of the myeloid lineage. Agonizing VISTA on myeloid cells has recently been demonstrated to have a profound effect on dampening inflammatory responses. VISTA has been proposed to function both as a ligand and as a receptor, yet the role of VISTA as a ligand has been largely ignored. In this experiment, macrophages and neutrophils were isolated from mice and treated with LPS and VISTA to examine the effect of VISTA in dampening acute inflammation.

2022-12-02 | E-MTAB-10856 | biostudies-arrayexpress

VISTA is an activating receptor that binds the proteoglycan Syndecan-2 on monocytes.

Project description:As indicated by its name, V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) is thought to primarily serve as an inhibitory protein that limits immune responses. VISTA-antibodies can dampen the effects of several concomitantly elicited activation signals including T cell receptor (TCR) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation, but it is currently unclear if VISTA agonism could singly affect immune cell biology. In this study, we discovered two novel agonistic VISTA antibodies and characterized their effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by scRNA/CITE-seq. Both antibodies agonize VISTA in an Fc-functional manner to elicit transcriptional and functional changes in monocytes consistent with activation. We also used pentameric VISTA to identify Syndecan-2 (Sdc2) and several heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) synthesis genes as novel regulators of VISTA binding to monocytic cells adding further evidence of bidirectional signaling. Together, our study highlights several novel aspects of VISTA biology that have yet to be uncovered in myeloid cells and serves as a foundation for future research.

2021-05-04 | GSE173747 | GEO

VISTA re-programs macrophage biology through the combined regulation of tolerance and anti-inflammatory pathways

Project description:1) BMDMs treated with anti-VISTA under tolerizing and immunizing conditions. 2) Time course analysis of anti-VISTA-induced alterations in human monocytes after anti-VISTA treatment. 3) Time course analysis of anti-VISTA-induced alterations in BMDMs after anti-VISTA treatment. 4) Single cell ATAC-seq of BMDMs tolerized in the presence or IgG or anti-VISTA.

2020-09-05 | GSE157518 | GEO

VISTA promotes the metabolism and differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells by STAT3 and polyamine-dependent mechanisms [MDSC_SingleCell]

Project description:To investigate the function of VISTA in regulating the differentiation of MC38 tumor-associated MDSCs

2024-01-02 | GSE244797 | GEO

Kidney VISTA prevents IFNγ-IL-9 axis-mediated tubulointerstitial fibrosis after acute glomerular injury

Project description:Backgrounds: The present study addressed whether V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA), constitutively expressed in kidney macrophages, has a protective role in tubulointerstitial fibrotic transformation after acute antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis. Methods: Wild-type (WT) and VISTA-deficient (Vsir-/-, KO) mice were treated with nephrotoxic serum to induced acute antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis, and their cytokine and fibrosis profiles were compared. Results: VISTA was highly expressed in kidney macrophages (resident more than infiltrating subset). If VISTA was depleted, tubules suffered further damage after glomerular injury. In damaged Vsir–/– mice, the contact frequency of macrophages with infiltrated T cells increased, and then the immunometabolic characteristics of T cells changed to overproduction of interferon-γ. The Vsir–/– parenchymal tissue cells responded to this altered milieu as more producing interleukin-9, which augmented tubulointerstitial fibrosis and irreversible kidney dysfunction. The blocking antibodies against interferon-γ and interleukin-9 protected above pathological process by VISTA depletion. Conclusions: VISTA is a sentinel protein of kidney macrophages, which prevents tubulointerstitial fibrosis via interferon-γ-interleukin-9 axis after acute antibody-mediated glomerular injury.

2021-08-04 | GSE181163 | GEO

VISTA promotes the metabolism and differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells by STAT3 and polyamine-dependent mechanisms

Project description:To investigate the function of VISTA in regulating the differentiation of BM-derived MDSCs under normoxia conditions

2024-01-02 | GSE244545 | GEO

Organelle remodeling across infection time: Cytomegalovirus-host protein interactions viewed through the lens of Inter-ViSTA

Project description:Nearly all biological processes rely on the finely-tuned coordination of protein interactions across cellular space and time. Accordingly, generating protein interactome datasets has become routine in biological studies, yet effectively interpreting these datasets remains computationally challenging. Here, we describe the development of Inter-ViSTA, a computational web platform for protein Interaction Visualization in Space and Time Analysis. Inter-ViSTA enables users to quickly build animated interaction networks by automatically synthesizing information on protein abundances, functional annotations, multiprotein complexes, and subcellular localizations. We then leverage Inter-ViSTA, in conjunction with quantitative mass spectrometry and molecular virology, to define the virus-host protein interactions of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) anti-apoptotic protein, pUL37x1 (vMIA). We find that spatially and temporally controlled protein interactions underly pUL37x1 functions during infection, facilitating the pro-viral remodeling of both mitochondria and peroxisomes. Reciprocal isolations, microscopy, and CRISPR-based genetic tools further characterize these associations, revealing new mechanisms at the core of the pUL37x1 manipulation of mitochondrial integrity, such as interactions with the MICOS and SAMM50 complexes. Finally, we show that pUL37x1 activates the peroxisomal protein PEX11ß to regulate peroxisome fission during infection, a key metabolic aspect of virus assembly and spread.

2020-08-03 | PXD017163 | Pride

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