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Adenovirus small E1A directs activation of Alu transcription at YAP/TEAD- and AP-1- bound enhancers through interactions with the EP400 chromatin remodeler

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE208717 | GEO | 2024/03/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Adenovirus small E1A directs activation of Alu transcription at YAP/TEAD- and AP-1- bound enhancers through interactions with the EP400 chromatin remodeler [RNA-Seq]

Project description:Alu retrotransposons, forming the largest family of mobile DNA elements in the human genome, have recently come to attention as a potential source of regulatory novelties, most notably by participating in enhancer function. Even though Alu transcription by RNA polymerase III is subjected to tight epigenetic silencing, their bulk expression has long been known to increase in response to various types of stress, including viral infection. Here we show that, in primary human fibroblasts, adenovirus small e1a triggered derepression of hundreds of individual Alus, by promoting TFIIIB recruitment by Alu-bound TFIIIC. Epigenome profiling revealed an e1a-induced decrease of H3K27 acetylation and increase of H3K4 monomethylation at derepressed Alus, making them resemble poised enhancers. The enhancer nature of e1a-targeted Alus was confirmed by the enrichment, in their upstream regions, of the EP300/CBP acetyltransferase and of the YAP1 and FOS transcription factors. The physical interaction of e1a with the chromatin remodeler EP400 turned out to be critical for Alu derepression, and upstream enrichment of EP400 was found to commonly demarcate expression-prone Alus. Our data suggest that e1a targets a subset of enhancer Alus whose transcriptional activation, mediated by e1a-EP400 interaction, may participate in the manipulation of enhancer activity by adenovirus.

2024-03-31 | GSE208716 | GEO

Adenovirus small E1A directs activation of Alu transcription at YAP/TEAD- and AP-1- bound enhancers through interactions with the EP400 chromatin remodeler [ChIP-Seq]

2024-03-31 | GSE208685 | GEO

Adenovirus small E1A directs activation of Alu transcription at YAP/TEAD- and AP-1- bound enhancers through interactions with the EP400 chromatin remodeler

Project description:Adenovirus small E1A directs activation of Alu transcription at YAP/TEAD- and AP-1- bound enhancers through interactions with the EP400 chromatin remodeler

| PRJNA860788 | ENA

Adenovirus small E1A directs activation of Alu transcription at YAP/TEAD- and AP-1- bound enhancers through interactions with the EP400 chromatin remodeler [RNA-Seq]

Project description:Adenovirus small E1A directs activation of Alu transcription at YAP/TEAD- and AP-1- bound enhancers through interactions with the EP400 chromatin remodeler [RNA-Seq]

| PRJNA860793 | ENA

Adenovirus small E1A directs activation of Alu transcription at YAP/TEAD- and AP-1- bound enhancers through interactions with the EP400 chromatin remodeler [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Adenovirus small E1A directs activation of Alu transcription at YAP/TEAD- and AP-1- bound enhancers through interactions with the EP400 chromatin remodeler [ChIP-Seq]

| PRJNA860610 | ENA

Adaptation of the bound intrinsically disordered protein YAP to mutations at the YAP:TEAD interface.

Project description:Many interactions between proteins are mediated by intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) do not adopt a stable three-dimensional structure in their unbound form, but they become more structured upon binding to their partners. In this communication, we study how a bound IDR adapts to mutations, preventing the formation of hydrogen bonds at the binding interface that needs a precise positioning of the interacting residues to be formed. We use as a model the YAP:TEAD interface, where one YAP (IDP) and two TEAD residues form hydrogen bonds via their side chain. Our study shows that the conformational flexibility of bound YAP and the reorganization of water molecules at the interface help to reduce the energetic constraints created by the loss of H-bonds at the interface. The residual flexibility/dynamic of bound IDRs and water might, therefore, be a key for the adaptation of IDPs to different interface landscapes and to mutations occurring at binding interfaces.

| S-EPMC6199158 | biostudies-literature

Dedifferentiation by adenovirus E1A due to inactivation of Hippo pathway effectors YAP and TAZ.

Project description:Adenovirus transformed cells have a dedifferentiated phenotype. Eliminating E1A in transformed human embryonic kidney cells derepressed ∼2600 genes, generating a gene expression profile closely resembling mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This was associated with a dramatic change in cell morphology from one with scant cytoplasm and a globular nucleus to one with increased cytoplasm, extensive actin stress fibers, and actomyosin-dependent flattening against the substratum. E1A-induced hypoacetylation at histone H3 Lys27 and Lys18 (H3K27/18) was reversed. Most of the increase in H3K27/18ac was in enhancers near TEAD transcription factors bound by Hippo signaling-regulated coactivators YAP and TAZ. E1A causes YAP/TAZ cytoplasmic sequestration. After eliminating E1A, YAP/TAZ were transported into nuclei, where they associated with poised enhancers with DNA-bound TEAD4 and H3K4me1. This activation of YAP/TAZ required RHO family GTPase signaling and caused histone acetylation by p300/CBP, chromatin remodeling, and cohesin loading to establish MSC-associated enhancers and then superenhancers. Consistent results were also observed in primary rat embryo kidney cells, human fibroblasts, and human respiratory tract epithelial cells. These results together with earlier studies suggest that YAP/TAZ function in a developmental checkpoint controlled by signaling from the actin cytoskeleton that prevents differentiation of a progenitor cell until it is in the correct cellular and tissue environment.

| S-EPMC6601516 | biostudies-literature

Genome-wide association between YAP/TAZ/TEAD and AP-1 at enhancers drives oncogenic growth.

Project description:YAP/TAZ are nuclear effectors of the Hippo pathway regulating organ growth and tumorigenesis. Yet, their function as transcriptional regulators remains underinvestigated. By ChIP-seq analyses in breast cancer cells, we discovered that the YAP/TAZ transcriptional response is pervasively mediated by a dual element: TEAD factors, through which YAP/TAZ bind to DNA, co-occupying chromatin with activator protein-1 (AP-1, dimer of JUN and FOS proteins) at composite cis-regulatory elements harbouring both TEAD and AP-1 motifs. YAP/TAZ/TEAD and AP-1 form a complex that synergistically activates target genes directly involved in the control of S-phase entry and mitosis. This control occurs almost exclusively from distal enhancers that contact target promoters through chromatin looping. YAP/TAZ-induced oncogenic growth is strongly enhanced by gain of AP-1 and severely blunted by its loss. Conversely, AP-1-promoted skin tumorigenesis is prevented in YAP/TAZ conditional knockout mice. This work highlights a new layer of signalling integration, feeding on YAP/TAZ function at the chromatin level.

| S-EPMC6186417 | biostudies-literature

Epigenetic reprogramming by adenovirus e1a.

Project description:Adenovirus e1a induces quiescent human cells to replicate. We found that e1a causes global relocalization of the RB (retinoblastoma) proteins (RB, p130, and p107) and p300/CBP histone acetyltransferases on promoters, the effect of which is to restrict the acetylation of histone 3 lysine-18 (H3K18ac) to a limited set of genes, thereby stimulating cell cycling and inhibiting antiviral responses and cellular differentiation. Soon after expression, e1a binds transiently to promoters of cell cycle and growth genes, causing enrichment of p300/CBP, PCAF (p300/CBP-associated factor), and H3K18ac; depletion of RB proteins; and transcriptional activation. e1a also associates transiently with promoters of antiviral genes, causing enrichment for RB, p130, and H4K16ac; increased nucleosome density; and transcriptional repression. At later times, e1a and p107 bind mainly to promoters of development and differentiation genes, repressing transcription. The temporal order of e1a binding requires its interactions with p300/CBP and RB proteins. Our data uncover a defined epigenetic reprogramming leading to cellular transformation.

| S-EPMC2693122 | biostudies-literature

Repurposing of Drugs Targeting YAP-TEAD Functions.

Project description:Drug repurposing is a fast and consolidated approach for the research of new active compounds bypassing the long streamline of the drug discovery process. Several drugs in clinical practice have been reported for modulating the major Hippo pathway's terminal effectors, namely YAP (Yes1-associated protein), TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif) and TEAD (transcriptional enhanced associate domains), which are directly involved in the regulation of cell growth and tissue homeostasis. Since this pathway is known to have many cross-talking phenomena with cell signaling pathways, many efforts have been made to understand its importance in oncology. Moreover, this could be relevant to obtain new molecular tools and potential therapeutic assets. In this review, we discuss the main mechanisms of action of the best-known compounds, clinically approved or investigational drugs, able to cross-talk and modulate the Hippo pathway, as an attractive strategy for the discovery of new potential lead compounds.

| S-EPMC6162436 | biostudies-literature

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