Project description:We analyze the expression profile of ISGs in the context of IFNAR1-KO primary murine B cells and macrophages. These analses were used to define ISG gene sets that are under tonic control. Furthermore, these analyses enabled the definition of ISGs that are dependent on Tyk2 signaling. Male C57BL/6 IFNAR1-KO mice were injected subcutaneously with 10,000U IFNa for 2hrs. Splenic B cells and peritoneal macrophages were sorted by FACS directly into TriZol and gene expression profiling was performed on Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Arrays.
Project description:We analyze the expression profile of ISGs in the context of IFNAR1-KO primary murine B cells and macrophages. These analses were used to define ISG gene sets that are under tonic control. Furthermore, these analyses enabled the definition of ISGs that are dependent on Tyk2 signaling.
Project description:Type I interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines that play an important role in regulating immune responses to pathogens and tumors and are used therapeutically. All IFNs are considered to signal via the heterodimeric IFNAR1-IFNAR2 complex, yet some subtypes such as IFN? can exhibit distinct functional properties, although the molecular basis of this is unclear. Here we demonstrate IFN uniquely and specifically ligates to IFNAR1 in an IFNAR2-independent manner and provide the structural basis of the IFNAR1-IFN interaction. We show that the IFNAR1-IFN complex transduces signals to modulate the expression of a set of genes independently of IFNAR2. Moreover, we show the in vivo importance of the IFNAR1-IFN signaling axis in a murine model of LPS-induced septic shock. Thus, we provide a molecular basis for understanding specific functions of IFN?. Interferon b induced gene expression in peritoneal exudate cells was measured 3hr post intra-peritoneal injection of 10,000IU/ml of interferon beta or saline into wildtype and Ifnar2-/- mice. Three independant experiments were performed for each treatment in both genotypes using different mice for each sample.
Project description:Type I interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines that play an important role in regulating immune responses to pathogens and tumors and are used therapeutically. All IFNs are considered to signal via the heterodimeric IFNAR1-IFNAR2 complex, yet some subtypes such as IFN? can exhibit distinct functional properties, although the molecular basis of this is unclear. Here we demonstrate IFN uniquely and specifically ligates to IFNAR1 in an IFNAR2-independent manner and provide the structural basis of the IFNAR1-IFN interaction. We show that the IFNAR1-IFN complex transduces signals to modulate the expression of a set of genes independently of IFNAR2. Moreover, we show the in vivo importance of the IFNAR1-IFN signaling axis in a murine model of LPS-induced septic shock. Thus, we provide a molecular basis for understanding specific functions of IFN?.
Project description:This study aims to measure the impact of Ifnar1-/- knockdown (KO) on the transcriptome profile in cultured IEC 4.1 cell in response to C. parvum infection. IEC4.1-WT cells and IEC4.1-Ifnar1-/- cells (stably CRISPR/Cas9 knockout; C12 KO cells) were exposed to C. parvum infection. Cells treated with a scrambled non-specific siRNA were used as the control. Total RNA was collected for the genome-wide analysis.
Project description:This study aims to measure the transcriptome profile of ilium tissues from intestinal epithelial conditional Ifnar1 KO and control littermates following cryptosporidial infection. Neonates of the conditional intestinal epithelial Ifnar1 knockout mice and control littlermates were exposed to C. parvum infection for 48 and 72h. Ilium tissues were collected and total RNA was isolated for the genome-wide analysis.
Project description:Type I interferon (IFN-I) signals through two receptor subunits, IFNAR1 and IFNAR2, to regulate sterile and infectious immunity. IFNAR1 expression is tightly regulated to prevent autoimmunity although the mechanisms governing this are incompletely understood. We investigated the strategies used by two flaviviruses, tick-borne encephalitis virus and West Nile virus, to antagonize IFN-I signaling. Infection with these viruses resulted in depletion of IFNAR1 associated with the function of the viral IFN-I antagonist, NS5. NS5 function was dependent on its ability to associate with prolidase (PEPD), a cellular dipeptidase. PEPD was required for IFNAR1 maturation and accumulation, as well as gene induction following IFNAR1 stimulation. The relevance of PEPD to human biology was confirmed in fibroblasts derived from patients with genetic prolidase deficiency that expressed low IFNAR1 and exhibited reduced responses to IFNAR1. Thus, by understanding flavivirus IFN-I antagonism, PEPD is revealed as a central regulator of IFN-I responses in humans. RNA was isolated from replicates of 4 cultured dermal fibroblast lines derived from patients with genetic prolidase deficiency (PEPD), as well as from 4 cultured dermal fibroblast lines derived from normal healthy donors. These were run on Agilent microarrays to compare differences in gene expression observed in PEPD fibroblasts compared with normal fibroblasts.
Project description:Type I interferon (IFN-I) signals through two receptor subunits, IFNAR1 and IFNAR2, to regulate sterile and infectious immunity. IFNAR1 expression is tightly regulated to prevent autoimmunity although the mechanisms governing this are incompletely understood. We investigated the strategies used by two flaviviruses, tick-borne encephalitis virus and West Nile virus, to antagonize IFN-I signaling. Infection with these viruses resulted in depletion of IFNAR1 associated with the function of the viral IFN-I antagonist, NS5. NS5 function was dependent on its ability to associate with prolidase (PEPD), a cellular dipeptidase. PEPD was required for IFNAR1 maturation and accumulation, as well as gene induction following IFNAR1 stimulation. The relevance of PEPD to human biology was confirmed in fibroblasts derived from patients with genetic prolidase deficiency that expressed low IFNAR1 and exhibited reduced responses to IFNAR1. Thus, by understanding flavivirus IFN-I antagonism, PEPD is revealed as a central regulator of IFN-I responses in humans.
Project description:A previous study has shown that PML-dependent recruitment of HIRA to ISG promoters contributes to the up-regulation of gene expression as a result of cytokine release in response to HSV infection (McFarlane et al., 2019). Although carried out in non-neuronal cells, this study and others (Ulbricht et al., 2012, Kim and Ahn, 2015, Scherer et al., 2016, Chen et al., 2015) suggest that PML itself may contribute to ISG upregulation, so to determine whether PML was indeed required for ISG stimulation in SCG neurons, we carried out RNA sequence analysis in IFNα-treated neurons depleted of PML.
