Gene expression patterns in a Geobacter sulfurreducens strain adapted for faster Fe(III) oxide reduction
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Geobacter sulfurreducens
PROVIDER: GSE21322 | GEO | 2011/04/12
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA126165
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE21312: Gene expression in a Geobacter sulfurreducens strain adapted for faster Fe(III) oxide reduction grown with ferric citrate as an electron acceptor GSE21313: Gene expression in a Geobacter sulfurreducens strain adapted for faster Fe(III) oxide reduction grown with fumarate as an electron acceptor Refer to individual Series
2011-04-11 | E-GEOD-21322 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA was put under selective pressure for rapid Fe(III) oxide reduction. The resultant strain, V1, contained five confirmed mutations and reduced Fe(III) oxide 17 times faster. One of these five mutations inactivates dcuB, a fumarate/succinate antiporter necessary for growth with fumarate as an electron acceptor. V1 dcuB+ is a V1 strain containing a wild type copy of dcuB. Whole genome DNA microarray analysis was performed in order to determine which genes are up- or down-regulated in V1 dcuB+ compared to PCA, both grown with fumarate as an electron acceptor.
2011-04-12 | GSE21313 | GEO
Project description:Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA was put under selective pressure for rapid Fe(III) oxide reduction. The resultant strain, V1, contained five confirmed mutations and reduced Fe(III) oxide 17 times faster. Whole genome DNA microarray analysis was performed in order to determine which genes are up- or down-regulated in V1 compared to PCA, both grown with ferric citrate as an electron acceptor.
2011-04-12 | GSE21312 | GEO
Project description:Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA was put under selective pressure for rapid Fe(III) oxide reduction. The resultant strain, V1, contained five confirmed mutations and reduced Fe(III) oxide 17 times faster. One of these five mutations inactivates dcuB, a fumarate/succinate antiporter necessary for growth with fumarate as an electron acceptor. V1 dcuB+ is a V1 strain containing a wild type copy of dcuB. Whole genome DNA microarray analysis was performed in order to determine which genes are up- or down-regulated in V1 dcuB+ compared to PCA, both grown with fumarate as an electron acceptor. Three biological replicates were hybridized in duplicate. Experimental (V1) was labeled with cy5, control (wild type PCA) was labeled with cy3.
2011-04-11 | E-GEOD-21313 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA was put under selective pressure for rapid Fe(III) oxide reduction. The resultant strain, V1, contained five confirmed mutations and reduced Fe(III) oxide 17 times faster. Whole genome DNA microarray analysis was performed in order to determine which genes are up- or down-regulated in V1 compared to PCA, both grown with ferric citrate as an electron acceptor. Three biological replicates were hybridized in duplicate. Experimental (V1) was labeled with cy5, control (wild type PCA) was labeled with cy3.
2011-04-11 | E-GEOD-21312 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Previous studies have suggested that the conductive pili of Geobacter sulfurreducens are essential for extracellular electron transfer to Fe(III) oxides and for optimal long-range electron transport through current-producing biofilms. The KN400 strain of G. sulfurreducens reduces poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide more rapidly than the more extensively studied DL-1 strain. Deletion of the gene encoding PilA, the structural pilin protein, in strain KN400 inhibited Fe(III) oxide reduction. However, low rates of Fe(III) reduction were detected after extended incubation (>30 days) in the presence of Fe(III) oxide. After seven consecutive transfers, the PilA-deficient strain adapted to reduce Fe(III) oxide as fast as the wild type. Microarray, whole-genome resequencing, proteomic, and gene deletion studies indicated that this adaptation was associated with the production of larger amounts of the c-type cytochrome PgcA, which was released into the culture medium. It is proposed that the extracellular cytochrome acts as an electron shuttle, promoting electron transfer from the outer cell surface to Fe(III) oxides. The adapted PilA-deficient strain competed well with the wild-type strain when both were grown together on Fe(III) oxide. However, when 50% of the culture medium was replaced with fresh medium every 3 days, the wild-type strain outcompeted the adapted strain. A possible explanation for this is that the necessity to produce additional PgcA, to replace the PgcA being continually removed, put the adapted strain at a competitive disadvantage, similar to the apparent selection against electron shuttle-producing Fe(III) reducers in many anaerobic soils and sediments. Despite increased extracellular cytochrome production, the adapted PilA-deficient strain produced low levels of current, consistent with the concept that long-range electron transport through G. sulfurreducens biofilms is more effective via pili.
| S-EPMC4068678 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The conductive pili of Geobacter sulfurreducens are essential for optimal extracellular electron transfer to Fe(III) and long-range electron transport through current-producing biofilms. The KN400 strain of G. sulfurreducens reduces poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide more rapidly than the more extensively studied DL-1 strain. Deletion of the gene for PilA, the structural pilin protein, in strain KN400 inhibited Fe(III) oxide reduction. However, slow rates of Fe(III) reduction were detected after extended (> 30 days) incubation in the presence of Fe(III) oxide. After seven consecutive transfers the PilA-deficient strain adapted to reduce Fe(III) oxide as fast as the wild type. Microarray, proteomic, and gene deletion studies indicated that this adaptation was associated with greater production of the c-type cytochrome PgcA, which was released into the culture medium. It is proposed that the extracellular cytochrome acts as an electron shuttle, promoting electron transfer from the outer cell surface to Fe(III) oxides. The adapted PilA-deficient strain competed well with the wild-type strain when both were grown together on Fe(III) oxide. However, when 50% of the culture medium was replaced with fresh medium every three days, the wild-type strain out-competed the adapted strain. A possible explanation for this is that the necessity to produce additional PgcA, to replace the PgcA continually removed, put the adapted strain at a competitive disadvantage, similar to the apparent selection against electron-shuttling producing Fe(III) reducers in most soils and sediments. Despite increased extracellular cytochrome production, the adapted PilA-deficient strain produced low levels of current; consistent with the concept that long-range electron transport through G. sulfurreducens biofilms cannot be achieved without PilA-pili.
2013-06-18 | GSE47868 | GEO
Project description:The conductive pili of Geobacter sulfurreducens are essential for optimal extracellular electron transfer to Fe(III) and long-range electron transport through current-producing biofilms. The KN400 strain of G. sulfurreducens reduces poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide more rapidly than the more extensively studied DL-1 strain. Deletion of the gene for PilA, the structural pilin protein, in strain KN400 inhibited Fe(III) oxide reduction. However, slow rates of Fe(III) reduction were detected after extended (> 30 days) incubation in the presence of Fe(III) oxide. After seven consecutive transfers the PilA-deficient strain adapted to reduce Fe(III) oxide as fast as the wild type. Microarray, proteomic, and gene deletion studies indicated that this adaptation was associated with greater production of the c-type cytochrome PgcA, which was released into the culture medium. It is proposed that the extracellular cytochrome acts as an electron shuttle, promoting electron transfer from the outer cell surface to Fe(III) oxides. The adapted PilA-deficient strain competed well with the wild-type strain when both were grown together on Fe(III) oxide. However, when 50% of the culture medium was replaced with fresh medium every three days, the wild-type strain out-competed the adapted strain. A possible explanation for this is that the necessity to produce additional PgcA, to replace the PgcA continually removed, put the adapted strain at a competitive disadvantage, similar to the apparent selection against electron-shuttling producing Fe(III) reducers in most soils and sediments. Despite increased extracellular cytochrome production, the adapted PilA-deficient strain produced low levels of current; consistent with the concept that long-range electron transport through G. sulfurreducens biofilms cannot be achieved without PilA-pili. An eight-chip study using total RNA recovered from four separate cultures of Geobacter sulfurreducens JS-1 (experimental condition) or Geobacter sulfurreducens KN400 (control condition) grown with acetate (10mM)-Fe(III) oxide (100 mmol l-1) exponential growth. Each chip measures the expression level of 3,328 genes from Geobacter sulfurreducens KN400 with nine 45-60-mer probe pairs (PM/MM) per gene, with three-fold technical redundancy.
2013-06-18 | E-GEOD-47868 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:At least five gene clusters in the Geobacter sulfurreducens genome encode putative "electron conduits" implicated in electron transfer across the outer membrane, each containing a periplasmic multiheme c-type cytochrome, integral outer membrane anchor, and outer membrane redox lipoprotein(s). Markerless single-gene-cluster deletions and all possible multiple-deletion combinations were constructed and grown with soluble Fe(III) citrate, Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxides, and graphite electrodes poised at +0.24 V and -0.1 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE). Different gene clusters were necessary for reduction of each electron acceptor. During metal oxide reduction, deletion of the previously described omcBC cluster caused defects, but deletion of additional components in an ?omcBC background, such as extEFG, were needed to produce defects greater than 50% compared to findings with the wild type. Deletion of all five gene clusters abolished all metal reduction. During electrode reduction, only the ?extABCD mutant had a severe growth defect at both redox potentials, while this mutation did not affect Fe(III) oxide, Mn(IV) oxide, or Fe(III) citrate reduction. Some mutants containing only one cluster were able to reduce particular terminal electron acceptors better than the wild type, suggesting routes for improvement by targeting specific electron transfer pathways. Transcriptomic comparisons between fumarate and electrode-based growth conditions showed all of these ext clusters to be constitutive, and transcriptional analysis of the triple-deletion strain containing only extABCD detected no significant changes in expression of genes encoding known redox proteins or pilus components. These genetic experiments reveal new outer membrane conduit complexes necessary for growth of G. sulfurreducens, depending on the available extracellular electron acceptor.IMPORTANCE Gram-negative metal-reducing bacteria utilize electron conduits, chains of redox proteins spanning the outer membrane, to transfer electrons to the extracellular surface. Only one pathway for electron transfer across the outer membrane of Geobacter sulfurreducens has been linked to Fe(III) reduction. However, G. sulfurreducens is able to respire a wide array of extracellular substrates. Here we present the first combinatorial genetic analysis of five different electron conduits via creation of new markerless deletion strains and complementation vectors. Multiple conduit gene clusters appear to have overlapping roles, including two that have never been linked to metal reduction. Another recently described cluster (ExtABCD) was the only electron conduit essential during electrode reduction, a substrate of special importance to biotechnological applications of this organism.
| S-EPMC6148476 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Geobacter species are key members of the microbial community in many subsurface environments in which dissimilatory metal reduction is an important process. The genome of Geobacter sulfurreducens contains a gene designated rel(Gsu), which encodes a RelA homolog predicted to catalyze both the synthesis and the degradation of guanosine 3',5'-bispyrophosphate (ppGpp), a regulatory molecule that signals slow growth in response to nutrient limitation in bacteria. To evaluate the physiological role of Rel(Gsu) in G. sulfurreducens, a rel(Gsu) mutant was constructed and characterized, and ppGpp levels were monitored under various conditions in both the wild-type and rel(Gsu) mutant strains. In the wild-type strain, ppGpp and ppGp were produced in response to acetate and nitrogen deprivation, whereas exposure to oxygen resulted in an accumulation of ppGpp alone. Neither ppGpp nor ppGp could be detected in the rel(Gsu) mutant. The rel(Gsu) mutant consistently grew to a higher cell density than the wild type in acetate-fumarate medium and was less tolerant of oxidative stress than the wild type. The capacity for Fe(III) reduction was substantially diminished in the mutant. Microarray and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analyses indicated that during stationary-phase growth, protein synthesis genes were up-regulated in the rel(Gsu) mutant and genes involved in stress responses and electron transport, including several implicated in Fe(III) reduction, were down-regulated in the mutant. The results are consistent with a role for Rel(Gsu) in regulating growth, stress responses, and Fe(III) reduction in G. sulfurreducens under conditions likely to be prevalent in subsurface environments.
| S-EPMC1698251 | biostudies-literature