The change of gene expression during light damage of 661W photosensitive cells
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE214298 | GEO | 2022/09/30
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Microarray analysis of murine retinal light damage reveals changes in iron regulatory, complement, and antioxidant genes in the neurosensory retina and isolated retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). With the advent of microarrays representing most of the transcriptome and techniques to obtain RNA from the isolated RPE monolayer, we have probed the response of the RPE and neurosensory retina (NSR) to light damage.
2012-05-05 | GSE37773 | GEO
Project description:Microarray analysis of murine retinal light damage reveals changes in iron regulatory, complement, and antioxidant genes in the neurosensory retina and isolated retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). With the advent of microarrays representing most of the transcriptome and techniques to obtain RNA from the isolated RPE monolayer, we have probed the response of the RPE and neurosensory retina (NSR) to light damage. Mice were exposed to 10,000 lux cool white fluorescent light for 18 hours and sacrificed 4 hours after photic injury. NSR and isolated RPE were collected, and RNA was isolated. DNA microarray hybridization was conducted as described in the Affymetrix GeneChip Expression Analysis Technical Manual. Microarray analysis was performed using probe intensity data derived from the Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array. For the genes of interest, confirmation of gene expression was done using quantitative real-time PCR. Immunofluorescence assessed protein levels and localization.
2012-05-04 | E-GEOD-37773 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Gene expression profiling of the premammillary nucleus comparing short day photosensitive, long day photosensitive, and long day photorefractory turkey hens
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Project description:We report the mRNA found in blood of photosensitive and photorefractory migratory buntings. The aim of this study was to study the effect of first long day on the mRNA makeup of blood in birds from two different seasonal states.
2019-08-05 | GSE135345 | GEO
Project description:Photoreception, a form of sensory experience, is essential for normal development of the mammalian visual system. Detecting photons during development is a prerequisite for visual system function - from shaping vision’s first synapse and maturation of retinal vascular networks, to transcriptional establishment and maturation of cell types within the visual cortex. Consistent with this theme, we find that the lighting environment regulates developmental rod photoreceptor apoptosis via OPN4-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). Using a combination of genetics, sensory environment manipulations, and computational approaches, we establish a molecular pathway in which light-dependent glutamate release from ipRGCs is detected via a transiently expressed kainate receptor (GRIK3) in rod precursors localized to the inner retina. Communication between ipRGCs and nascent inner retinal rods appears to be mediated by transient hybrid neurites projecting from ipRGCs that sense light before eye-opening. These structures, previously referred to as outer retinal dendrites (ORDs), span the ipRGC-rod precursor distance over the first postnatal week and contain the machinery for sensory detection (melanopsin, OPN4) and anterograde neurotransmitter release (Synaptophysin and VGLUT2). Computational and histological assessment of human mid-gestation development reveal conservation of several hallmarks of an ipRGC-to-rod precursor pathway, including displaced rod precursors, transient GRIK3 expression in the rod lineage, and the presence of ipRGCs with putative neurites projecting deep into the developing human retina. Thus, this analysis defines a retinal retrograde signaling pathway that links the sensory environment to rod precursors via ipRGC photoreceptors, allowing the visual system to adapt to distinct lighting environments prior to eye-opening.
2024-07-04 | GSE269102 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptomic Signatures of Postnatal and Adult Intrinsically Photosensitive Ganglion Cells
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Project description:Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine a “molecular parts list” for intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), which are rare mammalian photoreceptors essential for non-image-forming vision functions, such as circadian photoentrainment and the pupillary light reflex. Methods: We conducted a thorough unbiased transcriptomic analysis of ipRGCs by purifying GFP-tagged ipRGCs through a combination of FACS and immunoaffinity and comparing this the transcriptional profile of GFP-negative RGCs. We did this in two different mouse lines, marking partially overlapping subsets of ipRGCs. One was a BAC transgenic reporter (Opn4-GFP), which fluorescently labels M1-M3 ipRGCs and the other was a Opn4-Cre;Z/EG reporter system, which labels all ipRGC subtypes, M1-M6 Results: We find dozens of novel genes highly enriched in ipRGCs. We reveal that Rasgrp1 and Tbx20 are selectively expressed in subsets of ipRGCs, though these molecularly defined groups imperfectly match established ipRGC subtypes. We demonstrate that the ipRGCs regulating circadian photoentrainment are unexpectedly diverse at the molecular level. Conclusions: Our study represents the first detailed analysis of ipRGC transcriptomes by RNA-seq. Our findings reveal unexpected complexity in gene expression patterns across mammalian ipRGC subtypes.
2019-08-15 | GSE118780 | GEO
Project description:Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are recently discovered photoreceptors in the mammalian eye. These photoreceptors mediate primarily nonimage visual functions, such as pupillary light reflex and circadian photoentrainment, which are generally expected to respond to the absolute light intensity. The classical rod and cone photoreceptors, on the other hand, mediate image vision by signaling contrast, accomplished by adaptation to light. Experiments by others have indicated that the ipRGCs do, in fact, light-adapt. We found the same but, in addition, have now quantified this light adaptation for the M1 ipRGC subtype. Interestingly, in incremental-flash-on-background experiments, the ipRGC's receptor current showed a flash sensitivity that adapted in background light according to the Weber-Fechner relation, well known to describe the adaptation behavior of rods and cones. Part of this light adaptation by ipRGCs appeared to be triggered by a Ca(2+) influx, in that the flash response elicited in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+) showed a normal rising phase but a slower decay phase, resulting in longer time to peak and higher sensitivity. There is, additionally, a prominent Ca(2+)-independent component of light adaptation not typically seen in rods and cones or in invertebrate rhabdomeric photoreceptors.
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Project description:Light controls control a vast array of biological processes, including cell and organelle motility, stress responses, organismal development and the entrainment of circadian rhythms, that maintain diurnal cycles of activity in organisms from cyanobacteria to humans. Recent studies indicate that a type of antioxidant and signaling proteins, peroxiredoxins, sustain circadian rhythms independent of characterized circadian pacemakers in organisms from all the three kingdoms of life, suggesting a role for H2O2 production in circadian clocks. Whereas many circadian clocks involve photosensitive pigments such as melanopsin and cryptochromes it is unclear whether peroxiredoxins can respond to light stimuli and how they interact with global signaling networks regulating e.g. clocks and aging, such as cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA). In yeast, that lacks decidated photoreceptors, blue light induces cAMP-PKA-dependent, nuclear accumulation of a transcription factor, Msn2. However, the mechanism by which light represses pathway activity to stimulate Msn2 nuclear translocation is unknown. Here we identify increased H2O2–production via a conserved peroxisomal oxidase as the cause of light-induced Msn2 nuclear concentration. The H2O2 signal is transduced by the catalytic cysteines of the peroxiredoxin Tsa1 that relieve Msn2 from inhibitory PKA phosphorylation causing its nuclear accumulation. We propose that yeast senses light via H2O2 and a peroxiredoxin to inhibit cAMP/PKA activity and our data form a framework for the study of light responses in cells lacking dedicated light receptors and cAMP-controlled biological rhythms in multicellular organisms.
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Project description:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic, multifactorial disorder and a leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Characterized by progressive photoreceptor degeneration in the central retina, disease progression involves epigenetic changes in chromatin accessibility resulting from environmental exposures and chronic stress. Here, we report that a photosensitive mouse model of acute stress-induced photoreceptor degeneration recapitulates the epigenetic hallmarks of human AMD. Global epigenomic profiling by assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-Seq) revealed an association between decreased chromatin accessibility and stress-induced photoreceptor cell death in our mouse model. The epigenomic changes induced by light damage include reduced euchromatin and increased heterochromatin abundance, resulting in transcriptional and translational dysregulation that ultimately drives photoreceptor apoptosis and an inflammatory reactive gliosis in the retina. Through our findings, we identified key histone-modifying enzymes that contribute to the observed changes in global chromatin accessibility. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) and suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 2 (SUV39H2) ameliorated light damage in our mouse model, supporting a causal link between decreased chromatin accessibility and photoreceptor degeneration, thereby representing a potential new therapeutic strategy to combat AMD.
2020-09-29 | GSE153817 | GEO