Gastrodin ameliorates the lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in mice by downregulating miR-107-3p
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE214909 | GEO | 2022/10/09
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:To investigate the plasticity of Lipolysaccharide (LPS) tolerance, we employed microarray profiling to analyse the gene expression profile in macrophage. Four macrophage populations were induced; Untreated macrophages (Control group), Acute response to LPS (LPS activation group), LPS tolerance (T – Tolerant group) and recovered (R = recovered macrophage group) Using transcriptional analysis we demonstrate that recovery from LPS tolerance (R – Recovery), as defined by cytokine gene expression, is associated with a global change in the transcriptional profile of macrophage. This data confirms that LPS tolerance is a transient state which results in induction of novel hybrid macrophage activation state with a unique transcriptional signature.
2013-12-06 | GSE47783 | GEO
Project description:DY131 is a pharmacological agonist of the orphan receptor estrogen-related receptor (ERR) γ which plays a crucial role in regulating energy generation, oxidative metabolism, cell apoptosis, inflammatory responses, etc. However, its role in acute liver injury is unknown. In the study, we evaluated the effect of DY131 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that the dysregulated pathways associated with inflammation and metabolism were significantly reversed by DY131 in LPS-treated mice, providing more evidence in favor of the protective effect of DY131 against LPS-induced liver injury.
2020-11-06 | GSE160880 | GEO
Project description:Hyperglycemia has been shown to modulate the immune response of peripheral immune cells and organs, but the impact of hyperglycemia on neuroinflammation within the brain remains elusive. In the present study, we provide evidences that streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic condition in mice drives a phenotypic switch of brain astrocytes to a proinflammatory and neurotoxic state, and increases brain vulnerability to mild peripheral inflammation. In particular, we found that hyperglycemia led to a significant increase in the astrocyte proliferation as determined by flow cytometric and immunohistochemical analyses of mouse brain. Transcriptomic analysis of isolated astrocytes from Aldh1l1CreER;tdTomato mice revealed that peripheral STZ injection induced astrocyte reprogramming into proliferative, proinflammatory and neurotoxic phenotype. Additionally, STZ-induced hyperglycemic condition significantly enhanced the infiltration of circulating myeloid cells into the brain and the disruption of blood-brain barrier in response to mild lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Systemic hyperglycemia did not alter the intensity and sensitivity of peripheral inflammation in mice to LPS challenge, but increased the inflammatory potential of brain microglia. Furthermore, hyperglycemic mice exhibited a significant impairment in cognitive function after mild LPS administration compared to normoglycemic mice as determined by novel object recognition and Y-maze tasks. Taken together, these results demonstrate that hyperglycemia directly induces astrocyte reprogramming towards a proliferative and proinflammatory phenotype, which potentiates mild LPS-triggered inflammation within brain parenchymal regions.
2024-06-05 | GSE247033 | GEO
Project description:Coimmunoprecipitation, detect binding protein of HMGB1 in primary microglials in control and LPS group
2023-06-07 | PXD042778 |
Project description:BackgroundMicroglial activation is a prominent feature of neuroinflammation, which is present in almost all neurodegenerative diseases. While an initial inflammatory response mediated by microglia is considered to be protective, excessive pro-inflammatory response of microglia contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. Although autophagy is involved in the suppression of inflammation, its role and mechanism in microglia are unclear.MethodsIn the present study, we studied the mechanism by which lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects microglial autophagy and the effects of autophagy on the production of pro-inflammatory factors in microglial cells by western blotting, immunocytochemistry, transfection, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and real-time PCR. In a mouse model of neuroinflammation, generated by intraventricular injection of LPS (5 μg/animal), we induced autophagy by rapamycin injection and investigated the effects of enhanced autophagy on microglial activation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry.ResultsWe found that autophagic flux was suppressed in LPS-stimulated N9 microglial cells, as evidenced by decreased expression of the autophagy marker LC3-II (lipidated form of MAP1LC3), as well as increased levels of the autophagy adaptor protein SQSTM1. LPS significantly decreased Vps34 expression in N9 microglial cells by activating the PI3KI/AKT/MTOR pathway without affecting the levels of lysosome-associated proteins and enzymes. More importantly, overexpression of Vps34 significantly enhanced the autophagic flux and decreased the accumulation of SQSTM1 in LPS-stimulated N9 microglial cells. Moreover, our results revealed that an LPS-induced reduction in the level of Vps34 prevented the maturation of omegasomes to phagophores. Furthermore, LPS-induced neuroinflammation was significantly ameliorated by treatment with the autophagy inducer rapamycin both in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsThese data reveal that LPS-induced neuroinflammation in N9 microglial cells is associated with the inhibition of autophagic flux through the activation of the PI3KI/AKT/MTOR pathway, while enhanced microglial autophagy downregulates LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Thus, this study suggests that promoting the early stages of autophagy might be a potential therapeutic approach for neuroinflammation-associated diseases.
| S-EPMC6954631 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Recently, amphioxus has served as a model for studying the origin and evolution of vertebrate immunity. However, little is known about how microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the immune defense in amphioxus. In this article, we identified the amphioxus miRNAs in the acute-phase response to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). First, we determined the time point for the peak of immune response in amphioxus after LPS challenge by evaluating the expression of TLR4 and NF-κb(v-rel) which were commonly used immune response indicators. Then we performed miRNA microarray analysis on gill samples collected at the time point to select the differentially expressed miRNAs. Finally, we used real-time quantitative PCR to detect the expression patterns of amphioxus miRNAs under effective LPS challenge during the time course. The microarray data revealed that the miRNA expression file was significantly changed after LPS stimulation. The changes of the most upregulated and most downregualted miRNAs in gills of the amphioxus following challenge with LPS revealed a temporal induction kinetic. Our current study will provide valuable information to take an insight into molecular mechanism of innate immune and the evolution of the miRNA family.
2017-03-10 | GSE85326 | GEO
Project description:To profile the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the whole blood of mice in exposure to intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. C57BL/6 mice which received intraperitoneal injections of different concentration (ranged from 10 to 1000 μg) of LPS originated from different bacteria, including E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, and Serratia marcescens were sacrificed at indicated survival times (2, 6, 24, and 72 h) following LPS injection. The whole blood was drawn and the tissues including lung, brain, liver and spleen were harvested for miRNAs expression analysis with miRNA array (Phalanx Mouse & Rat miRNA OneArray® 1.0). These differentially expressed miRNAs were applied for hierarchical cluster analysis using average linkage and Pearson correlation as a measure of similarity.
2012-12-21 | GSE36472 | GEO
Project description:To investigate the plasticity of Lipolysaccharide (LPS) tolerance, we employed microarray profiling to analyse the gene expression profile in macrophage. Four macrophage populations were induced; Untreated macrophages (Control group), Acute response to LPS (LPS activation group), LPS tolerance (T – Tolerant group) and recovered (R = recovered macrophage group) Using transcriptional analysis we demonstrate that recovery from LPS tolerance (R – Recovery), as defined by cytokine gene expression, is associated with a global change in the transcriptional profile of macrophage. This data confirms that LPS tolerance is a transient state which results in induction of novel hybrid macrophage activation state with a unique transcriptional signature. Bone marrow derived macrophages were polarised into three activation states; Acute response to LPS (A), LPS tolerant (T) and recovered (R). Gene expression was measured at 4 hours post stimulation with LPS. Three independent experiments were performed to measure gene expression changes between each macrophage group.
2013-12-06 | E-GEOD-47783 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BACKGROUND:Neuroinflammation, which ultimately leads to neuronal loss, is considered to play a crucial role in numerous neurodegenerative diseases. The neuroinflammatory process is characterized by the activation of glial cells such as microglia. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is commonly associated with impairments in neuronal function and cognition, but its relationship and role in neurodegeneration is still controversial. Recently, it was confirmed that nonharmful levels of ER stress protected against experimental Parkinson's disease. Here, we investigated mild ER stress-based regulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-driven neuroinflammation in rats and in primary microglia. METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received the intracerebroventricular injection of the ER stress activator tunicamycin (TM) with or without intraperitoneal injection of the ER stress stabilizer sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) 1 h before LPS administration. The levels of neuroinflammation and memory dysfunction were assessed 24 h after treatment. In addition, the effect of mild ER stress on microglia was determined in vitro. RESULTS:Here, we found that low doses of TM led to mild ER stress without cell or organism lethality. We showed that mild ER stress preconditioning reduced microglia activation and neuronal death as well as improved LPS-induced memory impairment in rats. In addition, pre-exposure to nonlethal doses of TM in microglia showed significant protection against LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine production and M1/2b polarization. However, sodium 4-PBA, a compound that ameliorates ER stress, ablated this protective effect in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS:Based on our findings, we conclude that the mild ER stress not only limits the accumulation of misfolded proteins but also protects tissues from harmful endotoxemia insults. Therefore, ER stress preconditioning has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
| S-EPMC5704515 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory process of the lungs characterized by increased permeability of the alveolar-capillary membrane with subsequent interstitial/alveolar edema and diffuse alveolar damage. ALI/ARDS can be the results of either direct or indirect lung injury, with pneumonia being the most common direct pulmonary insult and sepsis the most common extra-pulmonary cause. In this study, we employed the murine lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced direct and indirect lung injury model to explore the pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary ARDS, using an unbiased, discovery and quantitative proteomic approach. A total of 1,017 proteins were both identified and quantified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from control, intratracheal LPS (I.T. LPS, 0.1 mg/kg) and intraperitoneal LPS (I.P. LPS, 5 mg/kg) treated mice. The two LPS groups shared 13 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated proteins compared to the control group. Among them, molecules related to bronchial and type II alveolar epithelial cell functions including cell adhesion molecule 1 and surfactant protein B were reduced, whereas lactotransferrin and resistin like alpha involved in lung innate immunity were upregulated in both LPS groups. Proteomic profiling also identified significant differences in BALF proteins between I.T. and I.P. LPS groups. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that acute-phase response signaling was activated by both I.T. and I.P. LPS, however, the magnitude of activation is much greater in I.T. LPS group compared to I.P. LPS group. Intriguingly, two canonical signaling pathways, liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor activation and the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in macrophages, were activated by I.T. LPS but suppressed by I.P. LPS. In addition, CXCL15 (also known as lungkine) was also up-regulated by I.T LPS but down-regulated by I.P. LPS. In conclusion, our quantitative discovery-based proteomic approach identified commonalities as well as significant differences in BALF protein expression profiles in LPS-induced direct and indirect lung injury, and importantly, LPS-induced indirect lung injury results in suppression of select components of lung innate immunity, which could contribute to the so-called “immunoparalysis” in sepsis patients.
2019-07-11 | PXD014070 | Pride