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Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE215283 | GEO | 2023/01/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Epigenetic resetting in the mammalian germ line entailsacute DNA demethylation, which lays the foundation for gametogenesis, totipotency,and embryonic development. We characterize the epigenome of hypomethylated human primordial germ cells (hPGCs) to reveal mechanisms preventing the widespread derepression of genesand transposable elements (TEs). Along with the loss of DNA methylation, we show that hPGCsexhibit a profound reduction of repressive histone modifications resulting in diminished heterochromatic signaturesat most genesand TEsand the acquisition of a neutral or paused epigenetic state without transcriptional activation.Efficient maintenance of a heterochromatic state is limited to a subset of genomic loci, such asevolutionarily young TEsand some developmental genes, which require H3K9me3 and H3K27me3, respectively, forefficient transcriptional repression. Accordingly, transcriptional repression in hPGCs presentsan exemplary balanced system relying on local maintenance of heterochromatic featuresand a lack of inductive cues.

2023-01-18 | GSE215280 | GEO

Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [ATAC-Seq]

2023-01-18 | GSE215279 | GEO

Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [RNA-Seq I]

2023-01-18 | GSE215281 | GEO

Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [RNA-Seq II]

2023-01-18 | GSE215282 | GEO

Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling

Project description:Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling

| PRJNA889522 | ENA

Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [ATAC-Seq]

Project description:Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [ATAC-Seq]

| PRJNA889529 | ENA

Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [ChIP-Seq]

| PRJNA889528 | ENA

Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [RNA-Seq I]

Project description:Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [RNA-Seq I]

| PRJNA889527 | ENA

Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [RNA-Seq II]

Project description:Epigenetic resetting in the human germline entails histone modification remodelling [RNA-Seq II]

| PRJNA889530 | ENA

Resetting histone modifications during human prenatal germline development.

Project description:Histone modifications play critical roles in regulating gene expression and present dynamic changes during early embryo development. However, how they are reprogrammed during human prenatal germline development has not yet been elucidated. Here, we map the genome-wide profiles of three key histone modifications in human primordial germ cells (hPGCs) from weeks 8 to 23 of gestation for the first time by performing ULI-NChIP-seq. Notably, H3K4me3 exhibits a canonical promoter-enriched pattern, though with relatively lower enrichment, and is positively correlated with gene expression in globally hypomethylated hPGCs. In addition, H3K27me3 presents very low enrichment but plays an important role in not only dynamically governing specific bivalent promoters but also impeding complete X chromosome reactivation in female hPGCs. Given the activation effects of both global DNA demethylation and H3K4me3 signals, repressive H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 marks are jointly responsible for the paradoxical regulation of demethylation-resistant regions in hPGCs. Collectively, our results provide a unique roadmap of three core histone modifications during hPGC development, which helps to elucidate the architecture of germ cell reprogramming in an extremely hypomethylated DNA environment.

| S-EPMC9898496 | biostudies-literature

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