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A divergent and complementary transcriptional response in poxvirus-infected and bystander inflammatory monocytes is partly dictated by interferon [iMO IFN ECTV]

ABSTRACT: Inflammatory monocytes (iMO) and B-cells are the main targets of the poxvirus ectromelia virus (ECTV) in the lymph nodes of mice and play distinct roles in surviving the infection. Infected and bystander iMO control ECTV’s systemic spread, preventing early death, while B-cells make antibodies that eliminate ECTV. Our work demonstrates that within an infected animal that survives ECTV infection, intrinsic and bystander infection of iMO and B-cells differentially control the transcription of genes important for immune cell function and, perhaps, cell identity. Bystander cells upregulate metabolism, antigen presentation, and interferon-stimulated genes. Infected cells downregulate many cell-type-specific genes and upregulate transcripts typical of non-immune cells. Bys and Inf iMO non-redundantly contribute to the cytokine milieu and the interferon response. Furthermore, we uncovered how IFN-I or IFN-γ signaling differentially regulates immune pathways in Inf and Bys iMO and, that at steady state, IFN-I primes iMO for rapid IFN-I production and antigen presentation.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE215745 | GEO | 2022/10/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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A divergent and complementary transcriptional response in poxvirus-infected and bystander inflammatory monocytes is partly dictated by interferon [iMO_Bcells_ECTV]

Project description:Inflammatory monocytes (iMO) and B-cells are the main targets of the poxvirus ectromelia virus (ECTV) in the lymph nodes of mice and play distinct roles in surviving the infection. Infected and bystander iMO control ECTV’s systemic spread, preventing early death, while B-cells make antibodies that eliminate ECTV. Our work demonstrates that within an infected animal that survives ECTV infection, intrinsic and bystander infection of iMO and B-cells differentially control the transcription of genes important for immune cell function and, perhaps, cell identity. Bystander cells upregulate metabolism, antigen presentation, and interferon-stimulated genes. Infected cells downregulate many cell-type-specific genes and upregulate transcripts typical of non-immune cells. Bys and Inf iMO non-redundantly contribute to the cytokine milieu and the interferon response. Furthermore, we uncovered how IFN-I or IFN-γ signaling differentially regulates immune pathways in Inf and Bys iMO and, that at steady state, IFN-I primes iMO for rapid IFN-I production and antigen presentation.

2022-10-18 | GSE215746 | GEO

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Comparison of host gene expression profiles in spleen tissues of genetically susceptible and resistant mice during ECTV infection

Project description:Ectromelia virus (ECTV) has emerged as a valuable model for investigating the host-orthopoxvirus relationship as it relates to pathogenesis and the immune response. ECTV causes mousepox in most strains of mice, including BALB/c and DBA/2, and these are therefore classified as susceptible mice. Conversely, C57BL/6 and certain 129 strains display limited pathology and a very low mortality, and are thus classified as resistant. To understand the host genetic factors of different mouse strains in response to ECTV infection, we carried out a microarray analysis using Affymetrix Gene-Chip Mouse Genome Arrays of spleen tissues from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice at 3 and 10 days post-ECTV infection. Differential Expression of Genes (DEGs) analyses revealed distinct differences in the gene profiles of resistant and susceptible mice infected with ECTV. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analysis showed that the DEGs of susceptible mice were involved mainly in immunity, apoptosis, spliceosomes and cancer-related pathways, while the DEGs of resistant mice were largely involved in MAPK signaling and leukocyte transendothelial migration. This suggests that the susceptible BALB/c mice have a stronger response than the resistant C57BL/6 mice to ECTV infection. The BALB/c mice showed a strong induction of interferon-induced genes (ISGs), including guanylate binding proteins (GBPs), myxovirus resistance protein (Mx) GTPases, oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) and IFN-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFIT) family proteins, while the C57BL/6 mice upregulated more genes related to metabolic pathways. This suggests that the susceptible BALB/c mice have a stronger response than the resistant C57BL/6 mice to ECTV infection.

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Cross-presenting CD103+ dendritic cells are protected from influenza virus infection

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Transcriptional profiling reveals differential effect of in vivo porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection on infected and bystander pulmonary alveolar macrophage cells

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A divergent and complementary transcriptional response in poxvirus-infected and bystander inflammatory monocytes is partly dictated by interferon [iMO IFN ECTV]

Project description:A divergent and complementary transcriptional response in poxvirus-infected and bystander inflammatory monocytes is partly dictated by interferon [iMO IFN ECTV]

| PRJNA890549 | ENA

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