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Immature neutrophil subsets and emergency granulopoiesis drive sepsis immune suppression and a specific extreme response to infection [WB_ECG]

ABSTRACT: Sepsis, the dysregulated host response to infection leading to organ dysfunction, arises from diverse mechanisms that are poorly resolved by sepsis as a syndromic classification, confounding immunotherapy trials. Here we delineate neutrophil and granulopoietic disturbances underlying sepsis pathophysiology. We present a whole blood single-cell multiomic sepsis response atlas (272,993 cells, n=39 individuals), revealing multiple immature neutrophil populations that were collectively immunosuppressive, inhibiting CD4+ T cell proliferation and activation in co-culture. We traced this to altered granulopoiesis using single-cell multiomic mapping of circulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) (29,366 cells, n=27). We show how these features are enriched in a subset of patients, resolving a specific poor outcome endotype (sepsis response signature SRS1). SRS1 patients have increased IL1R2+ immature neutrophils, epigenetic signatures of emergency granulopoiesis transcription factors in HSCs, and STAT3 features across infectious disease settings. Our findings delineate an immunohematopoietic axis, therapeutic targets and stratified medicine approach to sepsis.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE216009 | GEO | 2024/10/16

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Immature neutrophil subsets and emergency granulopoiesis drive sepsis immune suppression and a specific extreme response to infection [HSPC_ECG]

Project description:Sepsis, the dysregulated host response to infection leading to organ dysfunction, arises from diverse mechanisms that are poorly resolved by sepsis as a syndromic classification, confounding immunotherapy trials. Here we delineate neutrophil and granulopoietic disturbances underlying sepsis pathophysiology. We present a whole blood single-cell multiomic sepsis response atlas (272,993 cells, n=39 individuals), revealing multiple immature neutrophil populations that were collectively immunosuppressive, inhibiting CD4+ T cell proliferation and activation in co-culture. We traced this to altered granulopoiesis using single-cell multiomic mapping of circulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) (29,366 cells, n=27). We show how these features are enriched in a subset of patients, resolving a specific poor outcome endotype (sepsis response signature SRS1). SRS1 patients have increased IL1R2+ immature neutrophils, epigenetic signatures of emergency granulopoiesis transcription factors in HSCs, and STAT3 features across infectious disease settings. Our findings delineate an immunohematopoietic axis, therapeutic targets and stratified medicine approach to sepsis.

2024-10-16 | GSE216007 | GEO

Altered neutrophil and granulopoiesis biology underlie a poor outcome sepsis endotype

Project description:The maladaptive response to infection leading to the clinical syndrome of sepsis is highly heterogeneous, confounding immunotherapy trials. Here we establish the pathophysiology of a sepsis response endotype informative for immune state, disease severity, outcome and therapy. We applied whole blood single-cell multiomics (272,993 cells, n=39 individuals) and found patients with this endotype had increased IL1R2+ immature neutrophils, confirmed using CyTOF (n=41 samples) and RNA-sequencing (n=677 individuals), and upregulated STAT3 programs with plasma cytokine profiles of emergency granulopoiesis (EG). We characterised sepsis hematopoietic stem cells (29,336 cells, n=27 samples) with multiomics, and demonstrated endotype-specific EG transcriptional skewing together with STAT3 and EG master regulator CEBPB epigenetic signatures. Our findings establish an immunohematopoietic basis for a deleterious sepsis endotype and nominate IL-6/G-CSF as potential therapeutic targets.

| EGAS00001006283 | EGA

In Fanconi Anemia, impaired accumulation of bone marrow neutrophils during emergency granulopoiesis induces hematopoietic stem cell stress

Project description:Fanconi Anemia (FA) is an inherited disorder of DNA-repair caused by mutation in one of 20+ interrelated genes that repair intra-strand DNA crosslinks and rescue collapsed or stalled replication forks. The most common hematologic abnormality in FA is anemia, but progression to bone marrow failure (BMF), clonal hematopoiesis, or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) may also occur. In prior studies, we found that Fanconi DNA-repair is required for successful emergency granulopoiesis; the process for rapid neutrophil production during the innate immune response. Specifically, Fancc-/- mice did not develop neutrophilia in response to emergency granulopoiesis stimuli, but instead exhibited apoptosis of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and differentiating neutrophils. Repeated emergency granulopoiesis challenges induced BMF in most Fancc-/- mice, with AML in survivors. In contrast, we found equivalent emergency granulopoiesis-induced neutrophilia in Fancc-/-Tp53+/- mice and wild type (WT) mice, without BMF in either. Since bone marrow neutrophil accumulation triggers termination of emergency granulopoiesis, we hypothesize neutrophilia protects Fancc-/-Tp53+/- bone marrow from the stress of sustained inflammatory physiology, as experienced by Fancc-/- mice.

2024-08-28 | GSE267161 | GEO

Immature neutrophil subsets and emergency granulopoiesis drive sepsis immune suppression and a specific extreme response to infection

Project description:Immature neutrophil subsets and emergency granulopoiesis drive sepsis immune suppression and a specific extreme response to infection

| PRJNA891705 | ENA

Immature neutrophil subsets and emergency granulopoiesis drive sepsis immune suppression and a specific extreme response to infection [HSPC_ECG]

Project description:Immature neutrophil subsets and emergency granulopoiesis drive sepsis immune suppression and a specific extreme response to infection [HSPC_ECG]

| PRJNA891700 | ENA

Immature neutrophil subsets and emergency granulopoiesis drive sepsis immune suppression and a specific extreme response to infection [WB_ECG]

Project description:Immature neutrophil subsets and emergency granulopoiesis drive sepsis immune suppression and a specific extreme response to infection [WB_ECG]

| PRJNA891701 | ENA

Changes in gene expression during G-CSF-induced emergency granulopoiesis in humans

Project description:Emergency granulopoiesis refers to the increased production of neutrophils in bone marrow and their release into circulation induced by severe infection. Several studies point to a critical role for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) as the main mediator of emergency granulopoiesis. However, the consequences of G-CSF stimulation on the transcriptome of neutrophils and their precursors have not yet been investigated in humans. Here, we examine the changes in mRNA expression induced by administration of G-CSF in vivo, as a model of emergency granulopoiesis in humans. Blood samples were collected from healthy individuals after five days of G-CSF administration. Neutrophil precursors were sorted into discrete stages of maturation by flow cytometry, and RNA was subjected to microarray analysis. mRNA levels were compared to previously published expression levels in corresponding populations of neutrophil precursors isolated from bone marrow of untreated, healthy individuals. 1110 mRNAs were differentially expressed more than 2-fold throughout terminal granulopoiesis. Major changes were seen in pathways involved in apoptosis, cytokine signaling, and Toll-like receptor pathways. In addition, G-CSF treatment reduced the levels of four out of five measured granule proteins in mature neutrophils including the proantibacterial protein hCAP-18, which was completely deficient in neutrophils from G-CSF-treated donors. These results indicate that multiple biological processes are altered in order to satisfy the increased demand for neutrophils during G-CSF-induced emergency granulopoiesis in humans.

2017-04-04 | E-MTAB-4668 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Altered granulopoiesis aggravates stroke in the elderly [bulk RNA-seq]

Project description:Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide, recognizing aging as a prominent risk factor and determinant of dismal outcome. Aging is known to lead to overall frailty due to multifactorial changes, but pathogenic mechanisms underlying poor outcome remain unclear. Here we show that deterioration in elderly stroke is preceded by neutrophil accumulation and clogging in the ischemic brain microcirculation leading to a worse no-reflow phenomenon. With high-dimensional single-cell profiling over time of the brain's, blood's, and bone marrow's immune response, we could delineate after stroke four main neutrophil clusters in the blood whose quantitative and temporal dynamic of release is deranged in the bone marrow of the old. In the elderly, stroke triggers an early surge in the blood of the CD62Llo neutrophil subset characterized by a signature of bone marrow proximity, senescence, and oxidative stress. Functionally, transfer of this neutrophil subset displaying prominent thrombogenic features in young stroke mice leads to increased clogging of the ischemic brain microcirculation, worse no-reflow and outcome. Interrogating the blood leukocyte landscape of a large human stroke cohort with extensive single-cell proteome analyses, we confirmed that older stroke patients display a similar precocious accumulation of blood CD62Llo neutrophil subset, worse reperfusion and outcome. Our results demonstrate how age-related alterations in the process of neutrophil differentiation and release from the bone marrow have a relevant pathogenic role in the major cerebrovascular disorder affecting the world population, that unleash emergency granulopoiesis.

2023-05-16 | GSE174438 | GEO

Erythroblastic islands foster granulopoiesis in parallel to terminal erythropoiesis

Project description:The erythroblastic island (EBI), composed of a central macrophage and surrounding maturing erythroblasts, is the erythroid precursor niche. Despite numerous studies, its precise composition is still unclear. Using multispectral imaging flow cytometry (IFC), in vitro island reconstitution, and single cell RNA-seq of EBI-component cells enriched by gradient sedimentation, we present evidence that CD11b+ cells present in the EBIs are neutrophil precursors specifically associated with bone marrow EBI macrophages, indicating that erythro-(myelo)-blastic islands are a site for terminal granulopoiesis as well as erythropoiesis and production of these lineages is dynamically regulated within this niche. We further demonstrate that the balance between these lineages is determined by pathophysiological conditions, favoring granulopoiesis during anemia of inflammation, or erythropoiesis after erythropoietin (Epo) stimulation. Finally, we provide the heterogeneous molecular profiling of EBI macrophages as revealed by Cellular Indexing of Transcriptome and Epitopes (CITE)-sequencing of mouse bone marrow EBIs at baseline and after Epo-stimulation in vivo. Altogether, these data demonstrate that EBIs serve a dual role as terminal erythropoiesis and granulopoiesis niches and the central macrophages adapt to the needs of stress erythropoiesis as well as granulopoiesis.

2022-07-22 | GSE196347 | GEO

Human bone marrow precursor cells

Project description:The aim of this study was to characterize in vivo miRNA expression in normal myeloid development of the neutrophil granulocyte (granulopoiesis) to gain insight into miRNA control of these processes. Cell populations highly enriched in precursors from successive stages of granulopoiesis and mature neutrophils were isolated from bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) samples, respectively, from 4 healthy human donors. Total RNA was extracted from each cell population and subjected to miRNA gene expression profiling using miRCURYTM LNA microRNA Arrays Total RNA from cell populations highly enriched in precursors from three succesive stages of neutrophil granulopoiesis and mature neutrophils isolated from bone marrow and peripheral blood, respectively, from four healthy donors (SKP, AJ, AO, JO). The three cell populations from bone marrow where extracted and named B3, B2, and B1, corresponding to immature (myeloblasts [MBs] and promyelocytes [PMs]); intermediate mature (myelocytes [MCs] and metamyelocytes [MMs]); and mature neutrophil cells (band cells [BCs] and segmented neutrophil cells [SCs]), respectively, as described in Bjerregaard MD, Jurlander J, Klausen P, Borregaard N, Cowland JB: The in vivo profile of transcription factors during neutrophil differentiation in human bone marrow. Blood 2003, 101: 4322-4332. In total, 16 samples were compared (4 cell maturation stages from 4 donors)

2011-10-21 | E-GEOD-33140 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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